User:Jut008/Chinese Canadians

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Small edit: (rearranged wording and added some citations)

According to the 2011 census by Statistics Canada, the Chinese Canadian population was approximately 1.4 million.[1] In the 2016 census, individuals identifying as of Chinese ethnic origin comprised approximately 5.1% of the Canadian population, totaling to around 1.77 million people.[2] By the 2021 Canadian census, the Chinese Canadian community dipped to 1.71 million, accounting for 4.63% of Canada's population.

Section I am Editing:[edit]

21st century[edit]

Canada Day celebrations in Toronto, organized by the National Congress of Chinese Canadians

In the 21st century, Chinese immigration from Hong Kong has dropped sharply and the largest source of Chinese immigration are now from the mainland China. A smaller number have arrived from Taiwan and very small numbers from Fiji, French Polynesia, and New Zealand.[3] Today, mainland China has taken over from Hong Kong and Taiwan as the largest source of Chinese immigration. The PRC has also taken over from all countries and regions as the country sending the most immigrants to Canada. According to the 2002 statistics from the Citizenship and Immigration Canada, the PRC has supplied the biggest number of Canadian immigrants since 2000, averaging well over 30,000 immigrants per year, totalling an average of 15% of all immigrants to Canada. This trend shows no sign of slowing down, with an all-time high of more than 40,000 reached in 2005.[4] According to 2006 census, 70% of Chinese Canadians live either in the greater Vancouver area or the greater Toronto area.[5]

On June 22, 2006, Prime Minister Stephen Harper delivered a message of redress in the House of Commons, offering an apology in Cantonese and compensation for the head tax once paid by Chinese immigrants. Survivors or their spouses will be paid approximately $20,000 CAD in compensation.[6][7][8][9]

In December 2008, the Philippines passed China as Canada's leading source of immigrants.[10] In 2010, when Mainland China became the second largest economy in the world after the United States, its economic growth sparked even greater immigration opportunities to mainland Chinese. A 2011 survey shown that 60% of Chinese millionaires plan to immigrate, where 37% of the respondents wanted to immigrate to Canada. Many foreign countries such as Canada hold very large attraction for rich Chinese, because of their better social welfare system, higher quality of education and a greater opportunity for investment. The main reasons Chinese businesspeople want to move abroad was for some educational opportunities for their children, advanced medical treatment, worsening pollution back home (especially urban air quality) and food safety concerns.[11][12] The Canadian Federal Investor Immigrant Program (FIIP) as a cash-for-visa scheme allows many powerful Chinese to seek for a Canadian citizenship, and recent reports show that 697 of the 700 (99.6%) of the applicants to this visa in 2011 were mainland Chinese.[13] However, Canada—along with other English-speaking countries such as the United States and Australia—has increased its immigration requirements, forcing Chinese millionaires to seek permanent residency elsewhere.[14][15]

The outbreak of COVID-19 in March 2020 brought a sharp rise in anti-Chinese sentiments as Chinese people were blamed for being the originators of the pandemic.[16] This stigma arose in many countries globally, with the #ChineseDontComeToJapan trending, French media using the term “Yellow Alert” to refer to the pandemic alongside pictures of Chinese people, and former US President Donald Trump calling the virus “Kung Flu” and the “China Virus”.[17] The result of this is heightened racism faced by Chinese Canadians - a study found that over 60% of respondents had been treated disrespectfully, and over 30% had been openly threatened or harassed.[18] This has increased the mental health stress felt by the community, but was also accompanied by proactive Chinese Canadian organizing. Community activism groups launched data trackers to understand the impacts of anti-Chinese (and more broadly, anti-Asian) sentiments and combat the rising stigma.[19] The prejudice and discrimination that spiked at the start of COVID-19 are likely to continue, as will community organizing which will keep on supporting Chinese and Asian Canadians as challenges and needs change.[20]

Draft:[edit]

21st century[edit]

Canada Day celebrations in Toronto, organized by the National Congress of Chinese Canadians

In the 21st century, Chinese immigration from Hong Kong has dropped sharply and the largest source of Chinese immigration are now from the mainland China. A smaller number have arrived from Taiwan and very small numbers from Fiji, French Polynesia, and New Zealand.[3] Today, mainland China has taken over from Hong Kong and Taiwan as the largest source of Chinese immigration. The 2002 report from Citizenship and Immigration Canada indicates that since 2000, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has been the largest source of Canadian immigrants. On average, over 30,000 immigrants from China have arrived annually, accounting for about 15% of all immigrants to Canada. This pattern continued to rise, reaching a peak of over 40,000 in 2005.[4] Data from the 2006 census reveals that approximately 70% of Chinese Canadians reside in the Greater Vancouver or Greater Toronto areas.[5]

On June 22, 2006, Prime Minister Stephen Harper delivered a message of redress in the House of Commons, offering an apology in Cantonese and compensation for the head tax once paid by Chinese immigrants. Survivors or their spouses will be paid approximately $20,000 CAD in compensation.[6][7][8][9]

Canadian Children Immigration

In December 2008, the Philippines passed China as Canada's leading source of immigrants.[10] In 2010, when Mainland China became the second largest economy in the world after the United States, its economic growth sparked even greater immigration opportunities to mainland Chinese. A 2011 survey shown that 60% of Chinese millionaires plan to immigrate, where 37% of the respondents wanted to immigrate to Canada. Many foreign countries such as Canada hold very large attraction for rich Chinese, because of their better social welfare system, higher quality of education and a greater opportunity for investment. The main reasons Chinese businesspeople want to move abroad was for some educational opportunities for their children, advanced medical treatment, worsening pollution back home (especially urban air quality) and food safety concerns.[11][12] The Canadian Federal Investor Immigrant Program (FIIP) as a cash-for-visa scheme allows many powerful Chinese to seek for a Canadian citizenship, and recent reports show that 697 of the 700 (99.6%) of the applicants to this visa in 2011 were mainland Chinese.[13] However, Canada—along with other English-speaking countries such as the United States and Australia—has increased its immigration requirements, forcing Chinese millionaires to seek permanent residency elsewhere.[14][15]

File:Chinese-Canadians in British Columbia.jpg
Mural at West Pender near Carrall that depicts the history of Chinese Canadians over time.

The COVID-19 pandemic beginning in March 2020 led to a sharp increase in anti-Chinese sentiment worldwide, with Chinese people wrongly blamed for the virus.[16] This resulted in widespread prejudice, evidenced by derogatory terms and hashtags in various countries. In Canada, a significant number of Chinese Canadians faced disrespect and harassment, with over 60% reporting disrespectful treatment and more than 30% experiencing threats or harassment.[18] This rise in racism has also increased mental health concerns in the community. In response, Chinese Canadian groups have been actively working to track and combat this discrimination, providing ongoing support as the community navigates these challenges.[19][20] As of September 2021, statistics from Project 1907 revealed a concerning 2,265 incidents of anti-Asian racism within Canada, surpassing the United States on a per capita basis by over 100%.[21] This alarming trend, largely fueled by misplaced blame on the Asian community for the Covid-19 pandemic, has highlighted the urgent need for systemic change. In response to this challenging environment, the federal public service saw the formation of the Network of Asian Federal Employees (NAFE), an initiative aimed at addressing these issues and promote inclusivity.[22]

References[edit]

  1. ^ NHS Profile, Canada, 2011 Archived December 31, 2017, at the Wayback Machine, National Household Survey (NHS) Profile, 2011
  2. ^ "Focus on Geography Series, 2016 Census". Statistics Canada. 2017. section "The 10 most commonly reported ethnic origins, Canada, 2016". Archived from the original on June 29, 2019. Retrieved July 4, 2019.
  3. ^ a b "CIC Canada "Recent Immigrants in Metropolitan Areas: Canada—A Comparative Profile Based on the 2001 Census"". Archived from the original on November 10, 2006.
  4. ^ a b [1] Archived August 23, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference CanadianEncyclopedia was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b "News : CTV.ca: PM apologizes in House of Commons for head tax". Sympatico.ctv.ca. June 22, 2006. Archived from the original on February 20, 2012. Retrieved February 16, 2012.
  7. ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on September 26, 2007. Retrieved February 15, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ^ a b "RTHK Online News – 加 拿 大 總 理 用 廣 東 話 向 華 工 道 歉". Archived from the original on January 9, 2014. Retrieved February 15, 2012.
  9. ^ a b "Archived copy". Archived from the original on December 13, 2007. Retrieved February 15, 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  10. ^ a b "Philippines takes over China as number one source of Canadian immigrants". Visabureau.com. December 31, 2008. Archived from the original on August 13, 2009. Retrieved July 7, 2010.
  11. ^ a b Smale, Alison (January 24, 2012). "Might Davos Be a Layover for Chinese 'Migratory Birds'? - NYTimes.com". Canada;Davos (Switzerland);United States: Rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com. Archived from the original on January 30, 2012. Retrieved May 2, 2012.
  12. ^ a b Page, Jeremy (November 2, 2011). "Many Rich Chinese Consider Leaving - WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. Archived from the original on January 13, 2015. Retrieved May 2, 2012.
  13. ^ a b "Why is Canada keeping out China's rich?". Canada.com. March 3, 2012. Archived from the original on April 11, 2014. Retrieved May 2, 2012.
  14. ^ a b "Foreign realty developers target China". Beijing International. Archived from the original on September 24, 2012. Retrieved September 26, 2012.
  15. ^ a b content.yudu.com/A1xmsv/oppmagjulaug12/resources/34.htm
  16. ^ a b Mamuji, Aaida A.; Lee, Charlotte; Rozdilsky, Jack; D'Souza, Jayesh; Chu, Terri (2021). "Anti-Chinese stigma in the Greater Toronto Area during COVID-19: Aiming the spotlight towards community capacity". Social Sciences & Humanities Open. 4 (1): 100232. doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100232. PMC 8603781. PMID 34841246.
  17. ^ Mamuji, Aaida A.; Lee, Charlotte; Rozdilsky, Jack; D'Souza, Jayesh; Chu, Terri (2021). "Anti-Chinese stigma in the Greater Toronto Area during COVID-19: Aiming the spotlight towards community capacity". Social Sciences & Humanities Open. 4 (1): 100232. doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100232. PMC 8603781. PMID 34841246.
  18. ^ a b Lou, Nigel Mantou; Noels, Kimberly A.; Kurl, Shachi; Zhang, Ying Shan Doris; Young-Leslie, Heather (Dec 23, 2021). "Chinese Canadians' Experiences of the Dual Pandemics of COVID-19 and Racism: Implications for Identity, Negative Emotion, and Anti-Racism Incident Reporting". Canadian Psychology. 63 (3): 279–297. doi:10.1037/cap0000305.
  19. ^ a b Mamuji, Aaida A.; Lee, Charlotte; Rozdilsky, Jack; D'Souza, Jayesh; Chu, Terri (2021). "Anti-Chinese stigma in the Greater Toronto Area during COVID-19: Aiming the spotlight towards community capacity". Social Sciences & Humanities Open. 4 (1): 100232. doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2021.100232. PMC 8603781. PMID 34841246.
  20. ^ a b Lou, Nigel Mantou; Noels, Kimberly A.; Kurl, Shachi; Zhang, Ying Shan Doris; Young-Leslie, Heather (Dec 23, 2021). "Chinese Canadians' Experiences of the Dual Pandemics of COVID-19 and Racism: Implications for Identity, Negative Emotion, and Anti-Racism Incident Reporting". Canadian Psychology. 63 (3): 279–297. doi:10.1037/cap0000305.
  21. ^ "reporting centre". project 1907. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
  22. ^ Defence, National (2021-05-18). "Network of Asian Federal Employees (NAFE) will officially launch". www.canada.ca. Retrieved 2023-12-08.
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