User:Mr. Ibrahem/Captopril

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Mr. Ibrahem/Captopril
Clinical data
Pronunciation/ˈkæptəprɪl/
Trade namesCapoten, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa682823
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: D
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Drug classACE inhibitor[1]
Legal status
Legal status
  • EU: Rx-only[2]
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability70–75%
MetabolismLiver
Elimination half-life2.2 hours[1]
ExcretionKidney
Identifiers
  • (2S)-1-[(2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC9H15NO3S
Molar mass217.28 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C(O)[C@H]1N(C(=O)[C@H](C)CS)CCC1
  • InChI=1S/C9H15NO3S/c1-6(5-14)8(11)10-4-2-3-7(10)9(12)13/h6-7,14H,2-5H2,1H3,(H,12,13)/t6-,7+/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:FAKRSMQSSFJEIM-RQJHMYQMSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Captopril, sold under the brand name Capoten among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, diabetic kidney disease, and for a short time after a heart attack.[3] For high blood pressure it is one of a number of first line options.[3] It is taken by mouth as a liquid or tablet.[4] It may not work as well in Black people.[3]

Common side effects include difficulty sleeping and stomach ulcers.[4] Other side effects may include decreased appetite, flushing, tiredness, change in taste, high potassium, and Raynaud's, where fingers and toes turn white and blue.[4][3] Use in pregnancy or breastfeeding may harm the baby.[4][3] It is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and works by inhibiting the renin–angiotensin system.[1]

Captopril was patented in 1976 and approved for medical use in 1980.[6] It is available as a generic medication.[5] In the United Kingdom a dose of between 12.5 to 50 mg twice per day costs the NHS less than £2 as of 2021.[5] In the United States this amount costs about 35 USD.[7]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c Benowitz, Neal L. (2020). "11. Antihypertensive agents". In Katzung, Bertram G.; Trevor, Anthony J. (eds.). Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 183–185. ISBN 978-1-260-45231-0. Archived from the original on 2021-10-10. Retrieved 2021-12-05.
  2. ^ List of nationally authorised medicinal products Archived 2021-10-31 at the Wayback Machine. European Medicines Agency. 26 November 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e f "Captopril Monograph for Professionals - Drugs.com". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d e "2. Cardiovascular system". British National Formulary (BNF) (82 ed.). London: BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. September 2021 – March 2022. p. 183. ISBN 978-0-85711-413-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  5. ^ a b c BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 182. ISBN 978-0857114105.
  6. ^ Fischer J, Ganellin CR (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 467. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2021-08-28. Retrieved 2021-10-15.
  7. ^ "Captopril Prices, Coupons & Savings Tips - GoodRx". GoodRx. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
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