User:Mr. Ibrahem/Cysteamine

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Not to be confused with cystamine.
Mr. Ibrahem/Cysteamine
INN: mercaptamine
Skeletal formula (top)
Ball-and-stick model of the cysteamine
Clinical data
Trade namesCystagon, Procysbi, Cystaran, others
Other namesMercaptamine bitartrate, 2-Aminoethanethiol, β-Mercaptoethylamine, 2-Mercaptoethylamine, decarboxycysteine, thioethanolamine, cysteamine (USAN US)
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
License data
Pregnancy
category
  • AU: B3
Routes of
administration		By mouth, eye drops
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
  • 2-Aminoethane-1-thiol
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC2H7NS
Molar mass77.15 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point95 to 97 °C (203 to 207 °F)
  • C(CS)N
  • InChI=1S/C2H7NS/c3-1-2-4/h4H,1-3H2 checkY
  • Key:UFULAYFCSOUIOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Cysteamine, also known as mercaptamine, is a medication used to treat cystinosis.[7] It is taken by mouth to treat the kidneys and as an eye drop for the eye.[5][4] The dose should be adjusted based on cystine levels in white blood cells.[5]

Common side effects when taken by mouth include nausea, diarrhea, and fever.[5] Common side effects as an eye drop include eye irritation, watery eyes, and blurry vision.[6] Safety in pregnancy is unclear, with evidence of harm in other animals.[8] It works by reacting with cystine for form cysteine and a salt the body can remove.[5]

Cysteamine was approved for medical use in the United States in 1994 and Europe in 1997.[7][5] In the United Kingdom 100 pill of 150 mg costs the NHS about £190; while 5 ml of eye drops is about £865 as of 2021.[9] In the United States this amount of pills is about 22,200 USD; while the eye drops are about 2,000 USD.[10][11]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Cystagon 150 mg hard capsules - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 19 June 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
  2. ^ "Cystadrops 3.8 mg/mL eye drops solution - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 19 June 2019. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
  3. ^ "Procysbi 25 mg gastro-resistant hard capsules - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 17 September 2019. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2020.
  4. ^ a b "Cystaran- cysteamine hydrochloride solution". DailyMed. 22 November 2019. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g "Cystagon EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  6. ^ a b c "Cystadrops EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). Archived from the original on 4 August 2020. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
  7. ^ a b c "Cysteamine". LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. 2012. Archived from the original on 11 January 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
  8. ^ "Cysteamine ophthalmic Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 29 October 2020. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
  9. ^ BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 1111. ISBN 978-0857114105.
  10. ^ "Procysbi Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 16 January 2021. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
  11. ^ "Cystadrops Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Retrieved 7 January 2022.
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