User:Mr. Ibrahem/Etomidate
 (R)-etomidate | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Amidate, Hypnomidate, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| License data | |
| Routes of administration | Intravenous[1] |
| Drug class | Nonbarbiturate hypnotic[2] |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Protein binding | 76% |
| Metabolism | Ester hydrolysis in plasma and liver |
| Onset of action | Within 1 min[1] |
| Elimination half-life | 75 minutes |
| Duration of action | Up to 10 min[1] |
| Excretion | Urine (85%) and Bile duct (15%) |
| Identifiers | |
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| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C14H16N2O2 |
| Molar mass | 244.294 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 67 °C (153 °F) |
| Boiling point | 392 °C (738 °F) |
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| (verify) | |
Etomidate, sold as Amidate among others, is a medication used to start general anaesthesia and for sedation for procedures such as joint reduction, cardioversion, or tracheal intubation.[1] Onset of effects is within a minute and last up to 10 minutes.[1] It is given by slow injection into a vein.[1][4]
Common side effects include pain at the site of injection and skeletal muscle movement.[1] Other side effects may include apnea, low blood pressure, vomiting, adrenal insufficiency, and increased salivation.[4] Thought, it is generally stable from a blood pressure point of view.[5] Muscle movements may be decreased with the use of fentanyl.[1] Breastfeeding after use is safe.[3] People are advised not to drive for at least 24 hours after use.[4] It works by binding to GABA receptors.[5]
Etomidate was developed in 1964 and was approved for medical use in 1972 in Europe and in 1982 in the United States.[6][7][1] It is avaliable as a generic medication.[8] In the United Kingdom, it costs the NHS about 1.4 pound per 2 mg dose as of 2020.[4]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Etomidate Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 13 April 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
- ^ "Drugs to Aid Intubation - Critical Care Medicine". Merck Manuals Professional Edition. Archived from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
- ^ a b "Etomidate (Amidate) use while Breastfeeding". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 26 October 2020. Retrieved 14 April 2021.
- ^ a b c d e BNF (80 ed.). BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. September 2020 – March 2021. p. 1400. ISBN 978-0-85711-369-6.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link) - ^ a b Williams, LM; Boyd, KL; Fitzgerald, BM (January 2021). "Etomidate". PMID 30570985.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Alston, R. Peter; Myles, Paul S.; Ranucci, Marco. Oxford Textbook of Cardiothoracic Anaesthesia. Oxford University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-19-965347-8. Archived from the original on 2021-08-29. Retrieved 2021-04-14.
- ^ Bergen, JM; Smith, DC (1998). "A review of etomidate for rapid sequence intubation in the emergency department". J Emerg Med. 15 (2): 221–230. doi:10.1016/S0736-4679(96)00350-2. PMID 9144065.
- ^ "FDA Approves Mylan's Generic Anesthesia Drug Etomidate". www.beckershospitalreview.com. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2021.