User:Mr. Ibrahem/Flunitrazepam
Clinical data | |
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Pronunciation | /ˌfluːnɪˈtræzɪpæm/ |
Trade names | Rohypnol, others[1] |
Other names | Circles, Forget Me Pill, La Rocha, Lunch Money Drug, Mexican Valium[2] |
Pregnancy category |
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Addiction liability | High[3] |
Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | Benzodiazepine[3] |
Legal status | |
Legal status |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | 64–77% (by mouth) 50% (suppository) |
Metabolism | Liver |
Metabolites | 7-aminoflunitrazepam, desmethylflunitrazepam and 3-hydroxydesmethylflunitrazepam |
Onset of action | Rapid[3] |
Elimination half-life | 18–26 hours |
Excretion | Kidney |
Identifiers | |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C16H12FN3O3 |
Molar mass | 313.288 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
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Flunitrazepam, also known as Rohypnol among other names, is a benzodiazepine which has been used to treat trouble sleeping and to assist with anesthesia.[3][4] It is not an initially recommended treatment and is only recommended for short-term use.[3][5]
Side effects include a risk of abuse, night time eating, confusion, and withdrawal symptoms if stopped suddenly after long term use.[3][6][7] In high doses decreased efforts to breath and death may result.[7] After prolonged use the medication needs to be slowly stopped.[7]
Flunitrazepam was patented in 1962 and came into medical use in 1974.[8] It not legally available in the United States, Australia, and New Zealand and is restricted in parts of Europe.[6] It has been referred to as a date rape drug,[9][10] though the percentage of reported rape cases in which it is involved is small.[11]
References[edit]
- ^ Drugs.com International brands for Flunitrazepam Archived September 18, 2020, at the Wayback Machine Page accessed April 13, 2016
- ^ "Rohypnol" (PDF). DEA. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 20, 2020. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f "Prescribing of Benzodiazepines Alprazolam and Flunitrazepam" (PDF). Pharmaceutical Services Branch. New South Wales Health. November 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on October 20, 2020. Retrieved October 4, 2020.
- ^ Gahlinger, Paul (2003). Illegal Drugs. Penguin. p. 279. ISBN 978-1-4406-5024-6. Archived from the original on August 28, 2021. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
- ^ Muir-Cochrane, Eimear; Barkway, Patricia; Nizette, Debra (2014). Mosby's Pocketbook of Mental Health - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 99. ISBN 978-0-7295-8224-7. Archived from the original on August 28, 2021. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
- ^ a b Aronson, Jeffrey K. (2016). Meyler's Side Effects of Drugs: The International Encyclopedia of Adverse Drug Reactions and Interactions. Elsevier. p. 364. ISBN 978-0-444-53716-4. Archived from the original on August 28, 2021. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
- ^ a b c Ignatavicius, Donna D.; Workman, M. Linda; Winkelman, Chris (2012). Clinical Companion for Medical-Surgical Nursing - E-Book: Patient-Centered Collaborative Care. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 81. ISBN 978-1-4557-7257-5. Archived from the original on August 28, 2021. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
- ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 53X. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on August 28, 2021. Retrieved October 4, 2020.
- ^ Schwartz, R. H.; Milteer, R.; LeBeau, M. A. (June 2000). "Drug-facilitated sexual assault ('date rape')". Southern Medical Journal. 93 (6): 558–561. doi:10.1097/00007611-200093060-00002. ISSN 0038-4348. PMID 10881768.
- ^ Gautam, Lata; Sharratt, Sarah D.; Cole, Michael D. (February 19, 2014). "Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault: Detection and Stability of Benzodiazepines in Spiked Drinks Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry". PLOS ONE. 9 (2): e89031. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...989031G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0089031. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3929633. PMID 24586489.
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: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction Benzodiazepines drug profile Archived February 27, 2020, at the Wayback Machine. Page last updated January 8, 2015