User:Mr. Ibrahem/Heat illness
| Mr. Ibrahem/Heat illness | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Heat-related illness, heat stress[1] |
 | |
| Person being cooled with water spray, one of the treatments of heat stroke. In Iraq in 1943. | |
| Specialty | Emergency medicine |
| Symptoms | Varies by type[1] |
| Types | Mild: Heat rash, heat cramps, heat edema Moderate: Heat syncope, heat exhaustion Severe: Heat stroke[1][2][3] |
| Causes | Environmental heat[4] |
| Risk factors | Other health problems, exercising in the heat, mental illness, alcohol, recently going from a cooler to hotter climate[2][4] |
| Differential diagnosis | Infection, thyroid storm, anticholinergic toxicity, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, serotonin syndrome[5] |
| Prevention | Air-conditioning[6] |
| Treatment | Cooler environment, lying down, wet the skin and clothing, ice packs, fan the person[1] |
| Frequency | Common[5] |
| Deaths | 650 deaths/yr (USA)[6] |
Heat illness is a spectrum of disorders due to environmental exposure to heat.[4] Symptoms vary from clusters of pimples with heat rash; muscle cramps with heat cramps; a brief loss of consciousness with heat syncope; heavy sweating, weakness, headache, and nausea with heat exhaustion; and confusion, seizures, and very high body temperature with heat stroke.[1]
Risk factors include other health problems, exercising in the heat, mental illness, alcohol, and recently going from a cooler to hotter climate.[2][4] Other types of heat injury included by some sources are heat edema and rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown).[1][2]
Prevention is by drinking sufficient fluids, replacing lost salts, and limiting time in the heat.[4] Public air-conditioned facilities are important during heatwaves for people who do not have access at home.[6] Treatment may include working in a cooler environment, lying down, wetting the skin and clothing with cool water, ice packs in the groin and armpits, and fanning the person.[1]
Heat illness is common.[5] It occurs more commonly in the old and the young.[2] It results in about 650 deaths per year in the United States and represents about 7% of deaths that occur in the wilderness.[6][2] Males are more commonly affected than females.[6] It is predicted to become significantly more commonly by 2100.[7]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g "Heat Stress Related Illness | NIOSH | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 18 May 2022. Archived from the original on 13 January 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
- ^ a b c d e f Lugo-Amador, Nannette M; Rothenhaus, Todd; Moyer, Peter (2004). "Heat-related illness". Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America. 22 (2): 315–27, viii. doi:10.1016/j.emc.2004.01.004. PMID 15163570.
- ^ Kenny, Glen P.; Wilson, Thad E.; Flouris, Andreas D.; Fujii, Naoto (2018). "Heat exhaustion". Handbook of Clinical Neurology. 157: 505–529. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-64074-1.00031-8.
- ^ a b c d e "Heat Illness". medlineplus.gov. Archived from the original on 4 July 2016. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ a b c Leiva, DF; Church, B (January 2022). "Heat Illness". PMID 31971756.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c d e "Heat Related Illness" (PDF). CDC. Archived (PDF) from the original on 25 May 2022. Retrieved 9 July 2022.
- ^ Mora, C; Counsell, CWW; Bielecki, CR; Louis, LV (November 2017). "Twenty-Seven Ways a Heat Wave Can Kill You: Deadly Heat in the Era of Climate Change". Circulation. Cardiovascular quality and outcomes. 10 (11). doi:10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.117.004233. PMID 29122837.