User:Mr. Ibrahem/Lisinopril

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Mr. Ibrahem/Lisinopril
Structural formula of lisinopril
Ball-and-stick model of the lisinopril zwitterion
Chemical structure of lisinopril
Clinical data
Pronunciation/laɪˈsɪnəprɪl/, ly-SIN-ə-pril
Trade namesPrinivil,[1] Zestril,[2] Qbrelis,[3] others[4]
Other names(2S)-1-[(2S)-6-amino-2-{[(1S)-1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl]amino}hexanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa692051
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth
Drug classACE inhibitor
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailabilityapprox. 25%, but wide range between individuals (6 to 60%)
Protein binding0
MetabolismNone
Elimination half-life12 hours[8]
ExcretionEliminated unchanged in urine
Identifiers
  • (2S)-1-[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(1S)-1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl]amino]hexanoyl]pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC21H31N3O5
Molar mass405.495 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • C1CC(N(C1)C(=O)C(CCCCN)NC(CCC2=CC=CC=C2)C(=O)O)C(=O)O
  • InChI=1S/C21H31N3O5/c22-13-5-4-9-16(19(25)24-14-6-10-18(24)21(28)29)23-17(20(26)27)12-11-15-7-2-1-3-8-15/h1-3,7-8,16-18,23H,4-6,9-14,22H2,(H,26,27)(H,28,29)/t16-,17-,18-/m0/s1 checkY
  • Key:RLAWWYSOJDYHDC-BZSNNMDCSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Lisinopril is a medication of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor class used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and after heart attacks.[6] For high blood pressure it is usually a first line treatment, although in black people calcium-channel blockers or thiazide diuretics work better.[6] It is also used to prevent kidney problems in people with diabetes.[6] Lisinopril is taken by mouth.[6] Full effect may take up to four weeks to occur.[6]

Common side effects include headache, dizziness, feeling tired, cough, nausea, and rash.[6] Serious side effects may include low blood pressure, liver problems, high blood potassium, and angioedema.[6] Use is not recommended during the entire duration of pregnancy as it may harm the baby.[6] Lisinopril works by inhibiting the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system.[8]

Lisinopril was patented in 1978, and approved for medical use in the United States in 1987.[6][10] It is available as a generic medication.[6] In the United States the wholesale cost per month was less than US$0.70 as of 2018.[11] In the United Kingdom it cost the NHS about ₤10 per month as of 2018.[12] In 2017, it was the most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 104 million prescriptions.[13][14] In July 2016, an oral solution formulation of lisinopril was approved for use in the United States.[6][15]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Prinivil- lisinopril tablet". DailyMed. 4 November 2019. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Zestril- lisinopril tablet". DailyMed. 31 October 2019. Archived from the original on 23 September 2020. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  3. ^ a b "Qbrelis- lisinopril solution". DailyMed. 31 March 2020. Archived from the original on 11 January 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  4. ^ "Lisinopril". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 23 December 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  5. ^ a b c "Lisinopril Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 22 October 2019. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Lisinopril Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 12 November 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2018.
  7. ^ "Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) – (emc)". Lisinopril 10mg Tablet. 13 November 2019. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  8. ^ a b Benowitz, Neal L. (2020). "11. Antihypertensive agents". In Katzung, Bertram G.; Trevor, Anthony J. (eds.). Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 183–185. ISBN 978-1-260-45231-0. Archived from the original on 10 October 2021. Retrieved 5 December 2021.
  9. ^ "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 11 June 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  10. ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 467. ISBN 978-3527607495. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2019.
  11. ^ "NADAC as of 2018-12-19". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 19 December 2018. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  12. ^ British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 170. ISBN 9780857113382.
  13. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
  14. ^ "Lisinopril – Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. 23 December 2019. Archived from the original on 28 February 2020. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
  15. ^ "Drug Approval Package: Qbrelis (lisinopril)". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 29 July 2016. Archived from the original on 9 April 2021. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
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