User:Mr. Ibrahem/Penile discharge
| Penile discharge | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Penis discharge[1] |
 | |
| Purulent penile discharge due to gonorrhea with an overlying penile pyodermal lesion.[2] | |
| Specialty | Urology |
| Symptoms | Fluid from penis[1] |
| Causes | Gonorrhea, chlamydia, balanitis, prostatitis, epididymitis, reactive arthritis, irritation, unknown[3][4] |
| Risk factors | Uncircumcised, new sexual partner, unprotected sex[5][3] |
| Diagnostic method | Fluid culture[3] |
| Differential diagnosis | Urinary tract infection[5] |
| Treatment | Depends on the cause, though often with antibiotics[3] |
| Frequency | Common[3] |
Penile discharge is any fluid from the urethra at the end of the penis that is not urine or semen.[1] It may be purulent or bloody.[6] Associated symptoms may include burning with urination or a desire to urinate frequently.[5]
Common causes include gonorrhea, chlamydia, balanitis, prostatitis, and epididymitis.[4] Other causes include trichomoniasis, irritation, reactions to soap, and reactive arthritis.[3][5] In up to a third of cases the cause is unclear.[5] Risk factors include being sexually active under the age of 25, having a recent new sexual partner, being uncircumcised, or having unprotected sex.[3][5]
Diagnosis can be supported by a swab of the discharge for bacterial culture.[3] In gonorrhea the discharge may be white, yellow, or green.[3][7] Testing for other STIs such as HIV/AIDS, syphilis, and hepatitis C is often recommended.[3]
Treatment generally begins with antibiotics to cover the potential for gonorrhea and chlamydia.[3] Antibiotics used often include ceftriaxone and azithromycin.[3] Sexual contacts may also require treatment.[5] Penile discharge is common.[3] Mentions of penile discharge date back to at least the old Testament in Leviticus 15 (528-332 BC).[8]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c "Penis Discharge". conditions.health.qld.gov.au. Queensland Government. 2017. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ "Details - Public Health Image Library(PHIL)". phil.cdc.gov. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Kahan, Scott; Miller, Redonda; Smith, Ellen G. (2008). "126. Penile Discharge". Signs and Symptoms. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 978-0-7817-7043-9.
- ^ a b Dains, Joyce E.; Baumann, Linda Ciofu; Scheibel, Pamela (2018). "27. Penile Discharge". Advanced Health Assessment & Clinical Diagnosis in Primary Care E-Book (6th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 378. ISBN 978-0-323-59454-7.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Urethritis and Urethral Discharge in Men". patient.info. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
- ^ Swartz, Mark H. (2014). Textbook of Physical Diagnosis E-Book: History and Examination. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 478. ISBN 978-0-323-22507-6.
- ^ "Gonorrhea - CDC Fact Sheet". cdc.gov. Retrieved 6 December 2014.
- ^ Morris, Larry A. (1997). The Male Heterosexual. SAGE. p. 170. ISBN 978-0-8039-5640-7.