User:NoAmGeogSoc/Sandbox7
'Geronimo Footnote project'
(Main Citation of book, in this case from Debo and Utly).
While well known, Geronimo was not a chief among the Chiricahua or the Bedonkohe band.[1]: 38 [2] At any one time, about 30 to 50 Apaches would be following him.[3] However, since he was a superb leader in raiding and warfare he frequently led large numbers of men and women beyond his own following.[3]\\
(Citations back to Debo and Utley with reference notes).
During Geronimo's final period of conflict from 1876 to 1886 he "surrendered" three times and accepted life on the Apache reservations in Arizona brgptr surrendering the fourth and last time.[4] Reservation life was confining to the free-moving Apache people, and they resented restrictions on their customary way of life.[5]
(Examples of citation to Hutton, with then notes made to later Hutton cites).
1st.
1875 -- most hopeful state, tribes guaranteed titles. Debo, 93. 1875 -- concentration policy, Debo, p. 94. 1876 -- Closure of Chiricahuas Agency. June 7 or 8, Geronimo spokesman, because of Juh's speech. G. asked permission of Agency Clum to gather his people, "upon reaching camp the leaders gave brief orders, and the band killed their dogs to prevent their barking, broke camp and fled -- the first of Geronimo's many breakaways." Agent left Apache Pass with 325 good Chiricahuas. 1877 - April 21, captured at Ojo Caliente Agency, Debo 103-111, removed in shackles to San Carlos, arriving May 21, spent 4 months in Shackles, and at San Carlos in guardhouse. Debo 112
1877 - September 2 Victorio< local broke away with 323 of their followers, leaving 1343 of their band. Appeared at Fort Wingate in the Navajo country. Asked to be placed anywhere but at San Carlos. Water bad - made people sick. Washington officials to return to Ojo Caliente "a sign of weakness" "establish a bad precident" , considered San Carlos or Fort Sill, Oklahoma, but drifted back to "beloved homeland", remaining there throug the winter of 1877-78, carefully keeping the peace.Debo, 116 Geronimo made the "captain" of the remaining Warm Springs band, some of which were closely related to breakout band. Debo 117. Officer in charge of Ojo Caliente reported on cooperative attitude and earnest desire to stay. Order to force the Warm Sptings band to San Carlos. Debo 118. Victorio called down by heights to officer in charge of OC, and requested a talk
during a tizwin drunk scolded his nephew, son of Nana and Nah-dos-te, and the young man commits suicide. Debo, p. 117, quoting Betzinez.
Geronimo's First Breakout 1878. Utley 92
1877 -- leaders began stealing guns and ammunitation preparing for a breakout. Juh came up from Mexico to encourage it. Debo 117.
April 4, 1878, breaks out again. Geronimo and Juh in command of escaping band. reached border, joined the band of Juh and Nolgee in Sierra Mountain hidehout, and began a lively traffic in stolen goods with the conniving citizens of Janos.
Geronimo's Second Breakout 1881. Utley 104
Geronimo Abducts Loco, 1882.
Return to San Carlos 1883-84. Utley 143
May 17, 1885 "The Last Breakout 1885" Utley, 149.
Breakout from Turkey Creek, San Carlos reservation.
1880, Breakout.
References[edit]
- ^ Debo, Angie (1989). Geronimo: The Man, His Time, His Place. Oklahoma City: University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-1828-4. Retrieved February 2, 2012.
- ^ Utley, Robert M. (2012). Geronimo. New Haven CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-1828-4.
- ^ a b Utley 2012, pp. 1, 2. sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFUtley2012 (help)
- ^ Debo1989. When Geronimo surrendered to General Nelson Miles for the last time in 1886, he said "This is the fourth time I have surrendered", p. 293.
- ^ Utley2012. These restrictions included directives against wife beating and mutilation of women for adultery, and directives against the manufacture of Tiswin, an alcoholic drink fermented from corn., pp. 152, 153.
- ^ Hutton, Paul Andrew. The Apache Wars. New York, NY: Crown Publishing Company. pp. 01–02. ISBN 9780770435813.
- ^ Hutton2016. This is a message about the last footnote & pp. 009-010.
- ^ Utley, Robert M. (2012). Geronimo. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-12638-9.