User:Oceanflynn/sandbox/Migrant detention centers for minors

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Migrant detention centers for minors (United States) are sites where minors, whose entry into the United States, is illegal or unauthorised, are held until a decision is made by immigration authorities to grant a visa and release them into the community, or to repatriate them to their country of departure.

Immigration detention in the United States[edit]

Main article: Immigration detention in the United States
A CBP Border Patrol agent with a female detainee in a holding facility.

In the United States, by 2010, children[1] were held along with 31,000 non-citizens were in immigration detention center.wikipedia (to be summarized)[2] While some detention centers were sole-purposed, jails and prisons have also been used to detain migrants.[1]

Detention centers have been the subject of debate.[3][4][5][6][7] In May 2008 Congress began considering a bill to set new standards for immigrant detainee healthcare.[7][8]

Context[edit]

The largest immigration detention system globally is in the United States.[9] The Department of Homeland Security's U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency (ICE) was established in 2003. ICE enforces the United States' immigration and customs laws including deportation. ICE's Office of Detention and Removal Operations (DRO) oversees the detention and deportation of immigrants, including minors. in taken into custody by ICE. Currently, ICE detains immigrants in fifteen detention centers (including privatized facilities), in state and local jails, in juvenile detention centers, and in shelters.[9]

Detention Centers[edit]

GEO Group[edit]

Main article: GEO Group

The GEO Group, George Zoley Chairman) & (CEO)[10][11] According to The GEO Group's Chairman) and CEO, George Zoley, the group has been in partnership with ICE since the 1980s.[12]

By 2013 GEO managed 96 facilities worldwide totaling approximately 73,000 beds, including 65,949 active beds and 6,056 idle beds. The company had an average facility occupancy rate of 95.7% for 2012.[13] In addition to detention centers for migrants, by 2010, Geo Group, operated more than a dozen private prison facilities in the state of Texas, and nearly three dozen in the rest of the United States.[14]

  • Northwest Detention Center in Tacoma, Washington(also known as the "Center') On October 1, 2015, ICE signed a contract renewal for nine years and six months, with The GEO Group for the continued management of the GEO's 1,575-bed Center Washington. The Center was expected to generate "approximately $57 million in annualized revenues at full occupancy."[12]

Corrections Corporation of America (CCA)[edit]

Main article: Corrections Corporation of America

Corrections Corporation of America (CCA) under contract with the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agency (known as ICE) through an ICE Intergovernmental Service Agreement with Williamson County, Texas.[15][16] CCA was founded by T. Don Hutto, Robert Crants and Tom Beasley, in January 28, 1983 in Nashville, Tennessee.[17][18]: 81–2 [19]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Anil Kalhan (2010), "Rethinking Immigration Detention", Columbia Law Review Sidebar, 110: 42–58, SSRN 1556867 Cite error: The named reference "Kalhan2010" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  2. ^ Bernstein, Nina. "In-Custody Deaths". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-05-05.
  3. ^ voice of america (archived link)
  4. ^ "Careless Detention: System of Neglect". Washington Post." mostly young individuals have died in detention of the United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement or shortly afterwards during the five years between 2003 and 2008, and medical neglect may have contributed to 30 of those deaths... wikipedia (to be summarized)
  5. ^ Nina Bernstein (2008-08-13). "Ill and in Pain, Detainee Dies in U.S. Hands". New York Times. Retrieved 2010-05-05."On 6 August 2008, 34-year-old New Yorker Hiu Lui Ng died in the detention of United States Immigration and Customs Enforcement."
  6. ^ Editorial (2008-08-16). "Mr. Ng's Death". New York Times." The editors of The New York Times condemned the death and urged that the system must be fixed."
  7. ^ a b "Detention In America". CBS News. 11 May 2008."The Immigration and Customs Enforcement has stated that the number of deaths per capita in detention is dramatically lower for ICE detainees than for U.S. prison and jail populations, that they provide "the best possible healthcare" and that the nation as a whole is "experiencing severe shortages of qualified health professionals"wikipedia (to be summarized)
  8. ^ "Detention Watch Network, National Immigrant Justice Center, & Midwest Coalition for Human Rights" (6 October 2010). " "Year One Report Card: Human Rights & the Obama Administration's Immigration Detention Reforms".{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)[dead link]"Immigrants' rights advocates, however, have expressed concern that these reform efforts "have been undermined by the agency’s continued overreliance on penal incarceration practices and by the pervasive anti-reform culture at local ICE field offices." wikipedia (to be summarized)
  9. ^ a b Global Detention Project. "United States Detention Profile".
  10. ^ Trump Immigration Crackdown Is Great for Private Prison Stocks Jeff Sommer March 10, 2017]
  11. ^ Ordonez, Franco (2012-10-05). "Democrats demand investigation in case of Florida immigration detainees". McClatchy Newspapers. Retrieved 2 March 2013."In response to these and other serious allegations, US Congressman Ted Deutch of Pompano Beach wrote a letter in September 2012 to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) regarding the contract under which GEO operates the facility, requesting a case-by-case investigation. Twenty-five other congressional representatives signed on to the inquiry." wikipedia(to be summarized)
  12. ^ a b "The GEO Group Signs Contract for the Continued Management of Northwest Detention Center". Marketwatch. Business Wire. Boca Raton, Florida. October 1, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2017.The GEO Group GEO, +0.23%
  13. ^ "2012 Annual Report" (PDF). GEO Group. Retrieved 7 April 2013.
  14. ^ a b 'Denver Contract Detention Facility', U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Retrieved 28 November 2013.
  15. ^ "Facility Locations List". Corrections Corporation of America. Archived from the original on 2007-11-11. Retrieved 2007-12-06. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  16. ^ Don Hutto Family Residential Facility Archived 2011-06-22 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ Harmon L. Wray, Jr. (1989). "Cells for Sale". Southern Changes: The Journal of the Southern Regional Council. 8 (3). Retrieved February 13, 2017. {{cite journal}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |journal= (help)
  18. ^ Punishment for Sale: Private Prisons, Big Business, and the Incarceration Binge. New York City: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. 2010. {{cite book}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |authors= (help)
  19. ^ The history of T. Don Hutto, December 3, 2007, retrieved February 13, 2017
  20. ^ "Facility Locations List". Corrections Corporation of America. Archived from the original on 2007-11-11. Retrieved 2007-12-06. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  21. ^ Don Hutto Family Residential Facility Archived 2011-06-22 at the Wayback Machine
  22. ^ Margaret Talbot (March 3, 2008), The Lost Children: What do tougher detention policies mean for illegal immigrant families?, The New Yorker, retrieved February 13, 2017 {{citation}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
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