User:Paul August/Ida (nurse of Zeus)

Ida (nurse of Zeus)

Sources

Ancient

Apollodorus

1.1.6

[6] Enraged at this, Rhea repaired to Crete, when she was big with Zeus, and brought him forth in a cave of Dicte.¹ She gave him to the Curetes and to the nymphs Adrastia and Ida, daughters of Melisseus, to nurse.

¹ According to Hesiod, Rhea gave birth to Zeus in Crete, and the infant god was hidden in a cave of Mount Aegeum (Hes. Th. 468-480). Diod. 5.70 mentions the legend that Zeus was born at Dicte in Crete, and that the god afterwards founded a city on the site. But according to Diodorus, or his authorities, the child was brought up in a cave on Mount Ida. The ancients were not agreed as to whether the infant god had been reared on Mount Ida or Mount Dicte. Apollodorus declares for Dicte, and he is supported by Verg. G. 4.153, Serv. Verg. A. 3.104, and the Vatican Mythographers (Scriptores rerum mythicarum Latini, ed. Bode, i. pp. 34, 79, First Vatican Mythographer 104; Second Vatican Mythographer 16). On the other hand the claim of Mount Ida is favoured by Callimachus, Hymn i.51; Ovid Fasti 4.207; and Lactantius Placidus on Statius, Theb. iv.784. The wavering of tradition on this point is indicated by Apollodorus, who, while he calls the mountain Dicte, names one of the god's nurses Ida.

1.1.7

[7] So these nymphs fed the child on the milk of Amalthea;¹ and the Curetes in arms guarded the babe in the cave, clashing their spears on their shields in order that Cronus might not hear the child's voice.²

¹ As to the nurture of Zeus by the nymphs, see Callimachus, Hymn 1.46ff.; Diod. 5.70.2ff.; Ovid, Fasti v.111ff.; Hyginus, Fab. 139; Hyginus, Ast. ii.13; Serv. Verg. A. 3.104; Lactantius Placidus on Statius, Theb. iv.784; Scriptores rerum mythicarum Latini, ed. Bode, i. pp. 34, 79 (First Vatican Mythographer 104; Second Vatican Mythographer 16). According to Callimachus, Amalthea was a goat. Aratus also reported, if he did not believe, the story that the supreme god had been suckled by a goat （Strab. 8.7.5）, and this would seem to have been the common opinion （Diod. 5.70.3; Hyginus, Ast. ii.13; Second Vatican Mythographer 16）. According to one account, his nurse Amalthea hung him in his cradle on a tree “in order that he might be found neither in heaven nor on earth nor in the sea” （Hyginus, Fab. 139）. Melisseus, the father of his nurses Adrastia and Ida, is said to have been a Cretan king （Hyginus, Ast. ii.13）; but his name is probably due to an attempt to rationalize the story that the infant Zeus was fed by bees. See Virgil, Geo. 1.149ff. with the note of Serv. Verg. G. 1.153; First Vatican Mythographer 104; Second Vatican Mythographer 16.

² As to the Curetes in their capacity of guardians of the infant Zeus, see Callimachus, Hymn i.52ff.; Strab. 10.3.11; Diod. 5.70, 2-4; Lucretius ii.633-639; Verg. G. 3.150ff.; Ovid, Fasti iv.207ff.; Hyginus, Fab. 139; Serv. Verg. A. 3.104; Lactantius Placidus on Statius, Theb. iv.784; Scriptores rerum mythicarum Latini, ed. Bode, i. pp. 34, 79 (First Vatican Mythographer 104; Second Vatican Mythographer 16). The story of the way in which they protected the divine infant from his inhuman parent by clashing their weapons may reflect a real custom, by the observance of which human parents endeavoured to guard their infants against the assaults of demons. See Folk-Lore in the Old Testament, iii.472ff.

Hyginus

Fabulae 182

Smith and Trzaskoma, p. 158:

Ida, Amalthea, and Adrastea* were the daughters of Ocean. Others say they were the daughters of Melisseus and were Jupiters's nurses, the ones that are called Dodonian Nymphs (others call them the Naiads). < . . . > whose names are Cisseis, Nysa, Erato, Eriphia, Dromia, Polyhymno. On Mount Nysa their nursling⁶¹ bestowed upon them a gift: he asked Medea to take away their old age and turn them into yoiung women. Later they were given an exalted position among thew stars and called them Hyades. Others hand down that they were named Arsinoe, Ambrosia, Bromia, Cisseis, and Coronis.

Smith, p. 191 endnote to 182:

Adrastea: We read (suggested by RSS) Ida, Amalthea, Adrastea for Φ ideo et [F Idothea] Althaea, Adrasta (Marshall prints Idyia, Althaea, Adrasta), combining the two daughters of Melisseus (see Apollodorus 1.5) and Amalthea, who is listed as Jupiter's nurse at Fab. 139.

DAUGHTERS OF OCEAN

Grant (via Theoi):

The daughters of Oceanus are Idothea [= Ida? see Smith and Trzaskoma, and West below], Althaea [= Amalthea? see Smith and Trzaskoma, and West below], and Adrasta, but others say they are daughters of Melisseus, and nurses of Jove. The nymphs which are called Dodonides (others call them Naides) . . . Their names are Cisseis, Nysa, Erato, Eriphia, Bromis, Polyhymno. On Mount Nysa these obtained a boon from their foster-son, who made petition to Medea. Putting off old age, they were changed to young girls, and later, consecrated among the stars, they are called Hyades. Others report that they were called Arsinoe, Ambrosie, Bromie, Cisseis, and Coronis.

West, The Orphic Poems p. 133

in Hyg. Fab. 182.1 Melissus' daughters appear as Idothea Althaea Adrasta, who seem to correspond to Ida, Amalthea, and Adrastea.

Larson, p. 311 [For page number see Amazon]

137. ... Hyg. Fab. 182 calls the nurses [of Zeus] daughters of Okeanos or of Melisseus, and names them Idyia, Althaia, and Adrasta (with apparent influence from the Kretan versions). He further notes that these nymphs were called Dodonides and seems later to identify them with the Hyades; thus Hyg. Poet. astr. 2.21 says that the stars known as Hyades were formerly called Dodonites.

Orphic fragments (Kern)

fr. 105

fr. 151

Pausanias

8.47.2

Of the votive offerings in the temple these are the most notable. There is the hide of the Calydonian boar, rotted by age and by now altogether without bristles. Hanging up are the fetters, except such as have been destroyed by rust, worn by the Lacedaemonian prisoners when they dug the plain of Tegea. There have been dedicated a sacred couch of Athena, a portrait painting of Auge, and the shield of Marpessa, surnamed Choera, a woman of Tegea;

8.47.3

Represented on the altar are Rhea and the nymph Oenoe holding the baby Zeus. On either side are four figures: on one, Glauce, Neda, Theisoa and Anthracia; on the other Ide [Ἴδη], Hagno, Alcinoe and Phrixa.

Modern

Gantz

p. 2

Of post-Archaic sources the most obviously relevant is the first section of Apollodorus' Biblotheke, where we find an account mirroring for the most part Hesiod. There are, however several differences, ... Zeus on Crete is cared for by Adrasteia and Ida (daughters of Melisseus) and guarded by the Kouretes, ...

p. 743

By contrast the second branch of [Orphic] tradition, that called the Eudemian, ... Zeus is nursed by Adrastea and ida and guarded by the Kouretes on Krete (ApB 1.1.6, frr, 105, 151 Kern)

Grimal

s.v. Ida, p. 227

Ida (Ἴδη)

1. One of Melisseus' daughters, who with her sister Adrastea fed the baby Zeus in Crete. Her name was also that of a mountain in Crete where ZEUS spent his childhood (see also AMALTHEA)

p. 490

Ida (1) Apollod. Bibl. 1.1.6; Plutarch, Quaest. Conv. 3.9.2.657e.

Hard

p. 75

or in another version which first appears in Callimachus, Amaltheia was the name of the goat itself, and the nymph Adrasteia fed Zeus on its milk along with sweet honeycomb; or else his nurses were Adrateia and Ida, or ...

Larson

p. 153

Pausanias reports in his description of Lykaion that these three nymphs (Neda, Theisoa, and Hagno) reared Zeus. At Tegaea, the altar of Athena Alea showed Rhea and a nymph, Oinoë, with the baby Zeus, accompanied by four other nymphs on each side: Galuke, Neda, Theisoa, and Anthrakia to one side, and Ide, Hagno , Alkinoë, and Phrixa on the other.

p. 185

Ide herself, personification of the [cont.]

p. 186 (differed Google book from the above!)

mountain, often figures as one of the nurses as does Adrasteia. ... Callimachus gives us a detailed and relatively early account:

... (Callim. Hymn 1.46-54)

The Diktaian Meliai, and Adrasteia laid you in a golden liknon, ...

Here, the poet, like many later authors, seems to conflate Ide and Dikte, as well as Kyrbantes and Kouretes, ...

Tripp

s.v. Ida, p. 315

Ida. A nymph of the Cretan Mount Ida. Ida, a daughter of Melisseus, helped her sister, Adrasteia, to nurse the infant Zeus on the milk of the goat Amaltheia. [Apollodorus 1.1.6-7]