User:Paul August/Pronax

Pronax

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• Gantz, p. 507: In a version cited form the fourth-century historian Menaichmos of Sikyon, Pronax, son of Taloas, is king of Argos but dies, and his brother Adrastos flees to Sikyon where he inherits the kingdom of his mother Lysimache's father Polybos (Σ Nem 9.30 = 131F10; on this last point cf. Hdt 5.67). See also other sources for kingship.

Sources

Ancient

Aelian

Historical Miscellany

4.5

The Seven against Thebes also recorded their thanks to Pronax. As he had died in their cause they set up in his name the contest which most people think was established in the first instance for Archemorus.⁵

⁵ The Seven against Thebes were leaders of an army assembled by Polynices in Argos to recover control of Thebes from his brother Eteocles. Pronax was king of Argos. Archemorus, the young son of king Opheltes of Nemea, was killed by a snake. The contest referred to is the Nemean Games.

Apollodorus

1.9.13

Bias and Pero had a son Talaus, who married Lysimache, daughter of Abas, son of Melampus, and had by her Adrastus, Parthenopaeus, Pronax, Mecisteus, Aristomachus, and Eriphyle, whom Amphiaraus married. Parthenopaeus had a son Promachus, who marched with the Epigoni against Thebes;¹ and Mecisteus had a son Euryalus, who went to Troy.² Pronax had a son Lycurgus; and Adrastus had by Amphithea, daughter of Pronax, three daughters, Argia, Deipyle, and Aegialia, and two sons, Aegialeus and Cyanippus.

¹ Compare below, Apollod. 3.7.2.

² See Hom. Il. 2.565ff.

1.9.14

Pheres, son of Cretheus, founded Pherae in Thessaly and begat Admetus and Lycurgus. Lycurgus took up his abode at Nemea, and having married Eurydice, or, as some say, Amphithea, he begat Opheltes, afterwards called Archemorus.¹

¹ See below, Apollod. 3.6.4.

3.10.3

... I found some who are reported to have been raised by [Aesculapius], to wit, Capaneus and Lycurgus,¹² as Stesichorus says in the Eriphyle;

¹² The resurrection of these two men by the power of Aesculapius is mentioned also, on the authority of Stesichorus, by the Scholiast on Eur. Alc. 1, and the Scholiast on Pind. P. 3.54(96). Otherwise the event is apparently not noticed by ancient writers, and of the many legendary persons who bore the name of Lycurgus we do not know which is referred to. Heyne conjectured that the incident took place in the war of the Epigoni against Thebes, when Capaneus, one of the original Seven against Thebes, and Lycurgus, son of Pronax （as to whom see Apollod. 1.9.13） may have been restored to life by Aesculapius. This conjecture is confirmed by a passage of Sextus Empiricus （p. 658 ed. Bekker）, where we read: “Stesichorus in his Eriphyle says that he （Aesculapius） raised up some of those who fell at Thebes.”

Athenaeus

The Learned Banqueters

12.528d [= Agathon TrGF 39 F 3]

Agathon in his Thyestes (TrGF 39 F 3) (claims that) the men who were courting Pronax’ daughter came decked out in every way,⁹³

⁹³ Pronax’ daughter was Amphithea, and he gave her to his brother Adrastus, who was one of the Seven Against Thebes; cf. [Apollod.] Bib. 1.9.13.

Pausanias

3.18.12

[Describing the Amyclae throne of Apollo] ... Adrastus and Tydeus are staying the fight between Amphiaraus and Lycurgus the son of Pronax.

Modern

Bravo III

p. 117

In [Nemean Odes hypotesis] (c), we learn that some believed that the Games were founded in honor of the son of Talaos, the brother of Adrastos. This must refer to the Argive king Pronax, whose death is associated with the foundation of the Games in one other source as well.

Gantz

p. 511

Elsewhere there is some scant evidence that might relate to the Euripidean parents [of Opheltes], ... Pausanias tells us that on the Amyklai Throne Adrastos and Tydeus halt a fight between Amphiaraos and Lykourgos, son of Pronax (3.18.12). The same scene is apparently represented on the elbow guard of a shield-strap from Olympia where a central figure named as Adrastos stands with raised arm between two warriors closing in battle; ... if this is the Lykourgos of the Hypsipyle, and if he was present to [cont.]

p. 512

witness or hear of his son's death in some accounts (in Euripides, he is out of town), he might well blame Ampiaraos for the tragedy and seek vengeance. But against this possibility is the fact that the shield-relief offers no sign of a woman or child, although there is certainly room for them. We saw too, that in the Nemean Odes scholia Pronax is the son of Talaos and brother of Adrastus, and this arrangement occurs also in Apollodorus (ApB 1.9.13). Thus, if Pausanias' information is right, the Lykourgas of the Throne would be Adrastos' nephew, and more likely a part of the expedition setting out from Argos than someone encountered along the way at Nemea. For what it is worth, Apollodorus himself distinguishes two Lykourgoi in his discussion of these legends, the one a son of Pronax of whom we hear nothing more, the other a son of Pheres (and brother of Admentos) who marries Eurydike and begets Opheltes (ApB 1.9.14). How early this figure might be we cannot say; or Archaic sources neither mention or exclude him.

Grimal

s.v. Lycurgus 3

Another Lycurgus, sometimes called Lycus, was a king of Nemea. He was one of Pheres' sons (or alternatively of PRONAX) and either by Amphithea or Eurydice he had a child called Opheltes. This child was put in the charge of its nurse Hypsipyle, but was strangeled by a serpent near a spring (see AMPHIARUS). The tomb of this Lycurgus was to be seen at Nemea in Zeus' sacred wood.

p. 405

Lycurgus ... (3) Hyg Fab15; 74; 273; Apollod. Bibl. 1,9,4; 3,6,4; Paus. 2,15,3; 3,18,12; Stat. Theb. 5,660.

s.v. Pronax

(Πρῶναξ) One of the sons of Talaus, himself the son of Bias (Table 1), and so the brother of Adrastus and Eriphyle. He had a daughter, Amphithea, who married ADRASTUS, and was also said to have had a son LYCURGUS, the father of Opheltes. According to one tradition, Pronax was killed by his cousin AMPHIARAUS during a revolt at Argos. It was also said that the Nemean games were originally funeral games in his honour.

p. 507

Pronax. Apollod. 'Bibl. 1.9.13; schol.on Pind. Nem. 9.13 (30); Paus. 3.18.12

Hard

p. 150

Asklepios' zeal as a healer carried him too far when he set out to revive the dead. According to varying accounts, he revived Hippolytos at the request of Artemis [cont.]

p. 151

(see p. 359), or Lykourgas, son of Pronax, and Kapaneus, two Archives who died during the first Theban War, or ...

p. 333

[Adrastos] also had a brother Pronax who met his death before the war.²²⁴

Parada

s.v. Lycurgus 3 (Lycus 11.)

King of Nemea.

•Pheres 1 ∞

••a)Ampithea 2.

••b)Eurydice 1.

•••a)b)Opheletes 1.

D.-Apd. 3.6.4. •-••a)b)- •••)a)b)Apd 1.9.14.

s.v. Lycurgus 4.

•Pronax ∞

♇Raised from the dead by Asclepius.

•Apd. 1.9.13, ♇Apd. 3.10.3.

s.v. Pronax

•Talaus ∞ Lysimache 1.

••

•••Lycurgus 4, Amphithea 1.

•-:•••Apd.1.9.13.

Smith

s.v. Pronax

(Πρῶναξ), a son of Talaus and Lysimache, and a brother of Adrastus and Eriphyle. He was the father of Lyeurgus [sic] and Amphithea (Apollod. 1.9.13). According to some traditions the Nemean games were instituted in honour of Pronax. (Aelian, Ael. VH 4.5; comp. Paus. 3.18.7.)

Tripp

s.v. Pronax

A son of Talaüs and Lysimache. Pronax was a brother of Adrastus and the father of Lycurgus and Amphithea [Apollodorus 1.19.13]