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HERACLEIA a town or fortress of Athamania of uncertain site. (Liv. xxxviii. 2.) [1]
HERACLEIA an ancient place of Pisatis in Elis, but a village in the time of Pausanias, was distant 40 or 50 stadia from Olympia. It contained medicinal waters issuing from a fountain sacred to the Ionic nymphs, and flowing into the neighbouring stream called Cytherus or Cytherius, which is the brook near the modern village of Bruma. (Strab. viii. p. 356; Paus. vi. 22. § 7; Boblaye, Recherches, &c. p. 129; Curtius, Peloponnesos, vol. ii. p. 72.) [2]
HERACLEIA LYNCESTIS (Hêrakleia, Polyb. xxviii. 1, 15, xxxiv. 12; Strab. vii. p. 319; Ptol. iii. 13. § 33; Liv. xxvi. 25, xxxi. 39; Itin. Anton.; Peut. Tab.; Hêrakleia Lakkou, Hierocl.; Const. Porph. de Them. ii. 2), the chief town of the province of Upper Macedonia, called Lyncestis, at a distance of 46 M. P. from Lychnidus and 64 M. P. from Edessa. According to the proportional distances, Heracleia stood not far from the modern town of Filúrina, at about 10 geog. miles direct to the S. of Aitolia, nearly in the centre of the Egnatian Way.
Calvinus narrowly escaped being intercepted by, the Pompeians on his rear, after having fallen back upon Heracleia, which Caesar (B.C. iii. 79) rightly places at the foot of the Candavian mountains, though his transcribers have interpolated the passage, and confounded it with the Heracleia Sintica of Thracian Macedonia.
The writer of a geographical fragment (ap. Hudson, Geog. Mini. vol. iv. p. 43; .comp. Joann. Cinnam. p. 127, ed. Bonn) has identified this city with Pelagonia [PELAGONIA], but incorrectly. (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. pp. 281, 311, 318; Tafel, de Viae Egnat. Part. Occid. p. 39.) [3]
HERACLEIA SINTICA (Hêrakleia Sintikê Ptol. iii. 13. § 30; Steph. B.; Const. Porph. de Them. ii. 2; Hêrakleia Strumonos, Hierocles; Heraclea ex Sintiis, Liv. xiii. 51), the principal town of Sintice, a district on the right bank of the Strymon, in Thracian Macedonia. It was distant from Philippi, by the Roman road which passed round the N. side of the lake, 55 M. P., and by that which passed on the S. side, 52 M. P. (Peut. Tab.)
Demetrius, son of Philip V. king of Macedonia, was murdered and put to death here. (Liv. xl. 24.) It stood on the site of the modern Zervókhori, a small village where the peasants find in ploughing the ground great numbers of ancient coins. (Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iii. p. 226.) The coins of this place are very numerous. (Sestini, Mon. Vet. p. 37; Eckhel, vol. ii. p. 71.) [4]
HERACLEIA TRACHINIA [TRACHIS] [5]
HERACLEIA PERINTHUS [PERINTHUS] [6]
HERACLEIA in Gallia Narbonensis. Pliny (iii. 5) has preserved a tradition of a town named Heraclea, at the mouths of the Rhone; but he knew no more about-it, and we can add nothing to what he knew. Ukert (Gallien, p. 418) has a few words on this place.
Stephanus (s. v. Hêrakleia) in his list of towns named Heracleia mentions one in Celtice. The Maritime Itin., proceeding west. from Forum Julii (Fréjus), places Sambracitanus Plagia 25 M. P. from Forum Julii, and Heraclea Caccabaria 16 M.P. from the Sinus Sambracitanus. D'Anville follows Honore Bouche in placing Heracleia at S. Tropez; but in order to do this he suppresses the number 25 between Forum Julii and Sinus Sambracitanus, and assumes that 16 is the whole distance between Forum Julii and Heracleia. This is a very bad way of proceeding; for, unless he can prove some error in the MSS., he ought to assume that the distances along the coast are most correctly measured in the Itinerary, as they doubtless were. Walckenaer fixes Heracleia at the Pointe Cavalaire. S. Tropez is within the Sinus Sambracitanus. A complete map of this coast is necessary for the purposes of Comparative geography. This Heracleia is one of the Greek towns on the south coast of France.[7]
1. A town of Caria of uncertain site. (Strab. xiv. p. 658; Steph. B. s. v. ) Ptolemy (v. 2. § 19) describes it by the addition pros Albanôi. (Comp. Plin. v. 29; Suid. and Eudoc. s. v., where the town has the surname Albakê.) This town should not be confounded with the following. [8]
2. A town on the confines between Caria and Ionia, which is generally described as pros Latmôi, or hê hupo Latmôi, from its situation at the western foot of mount Latmus, on the Sinus Latmicus. It was a small place in the south-east of Miletus, and south-west of Amazon, and was sometimes designated simply by the name Latmus. In its neighbourhood a cave was shown with the tomb of Endymion. (Scylax, p. 39; Strab. xiv. p. 635; Ptol. v. 2. § 9; Plin. v. 31; Polyaen. vii. 23; Paus. v. 1. §4; Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iv. 57.) Ruins of this town still exist at the foot of mount Latmus on the borders of lake Baffi, which is probably a portion of the ancient Sinus Latmicus, formed by the deposits of the river Maeander. (Comp. Leake, Asia Minor, p. 239; Fellowes, Exc. in As. Min. p. 263, who, confounding the lake of Baffi with that of Myus, considers the ruins of Heracleia to be those of Myus.) [9]
3. A town on the coast of Aeolis, opposite to Hecatonnesi. This town and the neighbouring Coryphantis are called villages of the Mytilenaeans. (Strab. xiii. p. 607; Plin. v. 32, who speaks only of a Heracleotes tracts; Steph. B. s. v.) [10]
5. A town of uncertain site in Lydia, perhaps not far from Magnesia at the foot of mount Sipylus. From this town the magnet derived its name of Heracleus lapis. (Steph. B. s. v.; Hesych. s. v.; Zenob. Prov. ii. 22, p. 90, ed. Leutsch.) [L.S] [11]
HERACLEIA (Hêrakleia, Strab. xvi. p. 751; Plin. v. 20), a small town on the coast of N. Syria to the N. of Laodicea-ad-Mare (Ladíkíyéh). Pococke (Trav. vol. ii. pt. i. p. 194) has identified it with Meinet Borja, the small town and half-ruined port from which salt and wheat are brought from Cyprus (comp. Chesney, Exped. Euphrat. vol. i. p. 453), and found, on the small flat point that makes out into the sea, several graves cut into the rock, some stone coffins, and pieces of marble pillars; to the N. he saw some remains of piers built into the sea, of foundations of walls of large hewn stones, and signs of a strong building at the end of the pier. (Ritter, Erdkunde, vol. xv. pt. i. p. 99.) [12]
HERACLEIA PARTHIAE (Hêrakleia, Strab. xi. p. 514). Strabo mentions a town of this name, which he places, together with Apameia, in the direction of Rhagae. Nothing certain is known about it; but it has been conjectured by Forbiger that it is the same as a town of the same name mentioned by Pliny, which was founded by Alexander the Great, and subsequently, when destroyed, was named by Antiochus, Achais (vi. 16. s. 18). [13]