User:SourisSourit/sandbox/IAM

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Infection-Associated Macropinosomes (IAMs) are fluid-filled intracellular compartment formed upon pathogen infection^[1]. They have been studied mainly in the context of epithelial cell invasion by Gram-negative bacteria such as Salmonella^[2] and Shigella^[3]. However, they appear to be involved in virus infection as well^[4].

Identity[edit]

Their common characteristic with the physiological macropinosome are the followings:

size of the compartment
resulting from membrane protrusion
non-receptor specifique (opposite to phagosome)
containing extracellular liquid
early endocytic marker Rab5, PI3P, EEA1^[5]
their formation can be inhibited using the specific inhibitor Amiloride

Their difference from physiological macropinosome:

Their formation is triggered by a pathogen and its effectors
Their maturation and interaction with the intracellular pathogen are driven by pathogen effectors.

Currently, little is known about the IAM identity and their similarities and differences with physiological macropinosome remain to be further explored.

Formation[edit]

While entering in non-phagocytic epithelial cells, pathogens may trigger their uptake by inducing the formation of membrane protrusion called ruffles. The closure of the ruffles can result in (1) the engulfment of the pathogen within an intracellular vacuole, and (2) the formation of fluid-filled IAMs.

Role in pathogenesis[edit]

References[edit]

^ Garcia-del Portillo, F.; Finlay, B. B. (1994-10). "Salmonella invasion of nonphagocytic cells induces formation of macropinosomes in the host cell". Infection and Immunity. 62 (10): 4641–4645. ISSN 0019-9567. PMC 303156. PMID 7927733. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
^ Fredlund, Jennifer; Santos, José Carlos; Stévenin, Virginie; Weiner, Allon; Latour‐Lambert, Patricia; Rechav, Katya; Mallet, Adeline; Krijnse‐Locker, Jacomine; Elbaum, Michael; Enninga, Jost (2018). "The entry of Salmonella in a distinct tight compartment revealed at high temporal and ultrastructural resolution". Cellular Microbiology. 20 (4): e12816. doi:10.1111/cmi.12816. ISSN 1462-5822.
^ Weiner, Allon; Mellouk, Nora; Lopez-Montero, Noelia; Chang, Yuen-Yan; Souque, Célia; Schmitt, Christine; Enninga, Jost (2016-05-16). "Macropinosomes are Key Players in Early Shigella Invasion and Vacuolar Escape in Epithelial Cells". PLOS Pathogens. 12 (5): e1005602. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005602. ISSN 1553-7374. PMC 4868309. PMID 27182929.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
^ Rizopoulos, Zaira; Balistreri, Giuseppe; Kilcher, Samuel; Martin, Caroline K.; Syedbasha, Mohammedyaseen; Helenius, Ari; Mercer, Jason (2015-8). "Vaccinia Virus Infection Requires Maturation of Macropinosomes: Vaccinia Virus Infection Requires Maturation of Macropinosomes". Traffic. 16 (8): 814–831. doi:10.1111/tra.12290. PMC 4973667. PMID 25869659. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
^ Kühn, Sonja; Lopez-Montero, Noelia; Chang, Yuen-Yan; Sartori-Rupp, Anna; Enninga, Jost (2017-8). "Imaging macropinosomes during Shigella infections". Methods. 127: 12–22. doi:10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.05.007. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rstb.2018.0146

https://www.theses.fr/s180679

[1] Garcia-del Portillo, F.; Finlay, B. B. (1994-10). "Salmonella invasion of nonphagocytic cells induces formation of macropinosomes in the host cell". Infection and Immunity. 62 (10): 4641–4645. ISSN 0019-9567. PMC 303156. PMID 7927733. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)

[2] Fredlund, Jennifer; Santos, José Carlos; Stévenin, Virginie; Weiner, Allon; Latour‐Lambert, Patricia; Rechav, Katya; Mallet, Adeline; Krijnse‐Locker, Jacomine; Elbaum, Michael; Enninga, Jost (2018). "The entry of Salmonella in a distinct tight compartment revealed at high temporal and ultrastructural resolution". Cellular Microbiology. 20 (4): e12816. doi:10.1111/cmi.12816. ISSN 1462-5822.

[3] Weiner, Allon; Mellouk, Nora; Lopez-Montero, Noelia; Chang, Yuen-Yan; Souque, Célia; Schmitt, Christine; Enninga, Jost (2016-05-16). "Macropinosomes are Key Players in Early Shigella Invasion and Vacuolar Escape in Epithelial Cells". PLOS Pathogens. 12 (5): e1005602. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1005602. ISSN 1553-7374. PMC 4868309. PMID 27182929.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)

[4] Rizopoulos, Zaira; Balistreri, Giuseppe; Kilcher, Samuel; Martin, Caroline K.; Syedbasha, Mohammedyaseen; Helenius, Ari; Mercer, Jason (2015-8). "Vaccinia Virus Infection Requires Maturation of Macropinosomes: Vaccinia Virus Infection Requires Maturation of Macropinosomes". Traffic. 16 (8): 814–831. doi:10.1111/tra.12290. PMC 4973667. PMID 25869659. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: PMC format (link)

[5] Kühn, Sonja; Lopez-Montero, Noelia; Chang, Yuen-Yan; Sartori-Rupp, Anna; Enninga, Jost (2017-8). "Imaging macropinosomes during Shigella infections". Methods. 127: 12–22. doi:10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.05.007. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

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