User:Taiwantaffy/Quakes/1964 Baihe Earthquake
| UTC time | ?? |
|---|---|
| Magnitude | 6.3 ML |
| Depth | 20.0 km (12.4 mi) |
| Epicenter | Baihe, Tainan, Taiwan |
| Areas affected | Taiwan |
| Casualties | 106 killed |
The 1964 Baihe earthquake (Chinese: 1964年白河大地震; pinyin: 1964 nián Báihé dà dìzhèn), also known as the Great Baihe earthquake, was a deadly earthquake measured at 6.3 ML,[1] occurred at 20:04 CST (UTC+8) on 18 January 1964 in Baihe Township of Tainan County, Taiwan. The hypocenter of the earthquake was 20 kilometers deep.[2] The earthquake killed 106 people, destroyed 10,924 buildings, and caused a great fire in Jiayi City.[3] It was the sixth deadliest earthquake in twentieth century Taiwan, and the second deadliest post-World War II, after the 921 earthquake.
Technical details[edit]
The earthquake struck at 20:05 on Saturday January 18 1964, affecting the heavily populated Jia-Nan plain area of central-southern Taiwan. The epicentre was near the town of Baihe, in northeastern Tainan County and at a focal depth of 20km.[4] It was the most serious historical quake resulting from a rupture in the Chukou fault (Chinese: 觸口斷層; pinyin: Chùkǒu duàncéng).[5]
Damage[edit]
According to Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau, the casualties and damage were as follows:[4]
- 106 dead
- 229 seriously injured
- 421 lightly injured
- 10,502 dwellings completely destroyed
- 25,818 dwellings partially destroyed
- 682 public buildings destroyed
- 764 public buildings partially destroyed
The cost of repairing the damage to public buildings in Tainan County alone was estimated at NT$191 million (in 1964 New Taiwan Dollars).[4]
The effects of the quake depended on the ground on which buildings stood. On the softer ground of Baihe and Dongshan, Tainan, concrete structures faired better than wooden ones, whereas on the harder earth of Nanxi and Yujing the reverse was true, with concrete buildings suffering more damage.[4]
In Jiayi City the damage from the earthquake was not so severe, however there was some damage, mainly to older, structurally weak wooden houses. The main cause of disaster in Jiayi was the fire that resulted from the quake. Aftershocks meant that residents and firefighters feared to approach the blaze to tackle it, thus letting it spread until it consumed 174 households in central Jiayi.[4]
Reaction[edit]
There was no official disaster management policy in effect in Taiwan at the time - relief and reconstruction was carried out on an ad hoc basis by the military and police forces. The earthquake forced a rethink of this lack, and the following year the Standard Procedure for Natural Disaster Assistance was promulgated by the Taiwan Provincial Government.[6]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ "The Paleoseismological Study in Taiwan". Central Geological survey, MOEA. Retrieved 2008-06-11.
- ^ "台灣地區之災害性地震". National Central University. Retrieved 2008-06-11.
- ^ "臺灣的地震與震災". National Taiwan University. Retrieved 2008-06-11.
- ^ a b c d e "Preface". 台灣地區十大災害地震圖集 (A Collection of Images of Ten Great Earthquake Disasters in the Taiwan Region) (PDF) (in Chinese). Central Weather Bureau. Retrieved 2009-08-03.
- ^ "白河地震 (The Baihe Earthquake)" (PDF) (in Chinese). 防災e學院.
- ^ Chen, Liang-Chun (2006). "The Evolution of the Natural Disaster Management System in Taiwan" (PDF). Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers. 29 (4): 633–638. Retrieved 2009-08-07.
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