User:Typhoon2013/PTS Format 1A

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Typhoon2013/PTS Format 1A
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formedMay 26, 2016
Last system dissipatedSeason ongoing
Strongest storm
NameMeranti
 • Maximum winds220 km/h (140 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure890 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total depressions47 official, 1 unofficial
Total storms25
Typhoons12
Super typhoons5 (unofficial)
Total fatalitiesAt least 869
Total damage$9.53 billion (2016 USD)
Related article
Pacific typhoon seasons
2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018

The 2016 Pacific typhoon season is an event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation, in which tropical cyclones form in the western Pacific Ocean. The season has so far produced a total of 25 named storms, 12 typhoons and five intense typhoons. The season runs throughout 2016, though typically most tropical cyclones develop between May and October. The scope of this article is limited to the Pacific Ocean to the north of the equator between 100°E and the 180th meridian. Within the northwestern Pacific Ocean, there are two separate agencies that assign names to tropical cyclones which can often result in a cyclone having two names. The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) will name a tropical cyclone should it be judged to have 10-minute sustained wind speeds of at least 65 km/h (40 mph) anywhere in the basin, whilst the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) assigns names to tropical cyclones which move into or form as a tropical depression in their area of responsibility, located between 115°E and 135°E and between 5°N and 25°N, regardless of whether or not a tropical cyclone has already been given a name by the JMA. Tropical depressions that are monitored by the United States' Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) are given a number with a "W" suffix.

The first system formed on May 26, making it the fifth-latest start for a Pacific typhoon season in the satellite era; only the 1973, 1983, 1984 and 1998 seasons started later. However, the first named tropical storm, Nepartak, did not develop until July 3, making it the second-latest season for a named storm to develop. Nepartak's naming ended a 199-day period (from December 17, 2015 to July 2, 2016) in which no named storm was active within the basin, which equalled the record set in 1997–98.[1]

Seasonal forecasts[edit]

TSR forecasts
Date		 Tropical
storms		 Total
Typhoons		 Intense
TCs		 ACE Ref
Average (1965–2015) 26 16 9 298 [2]
May 7, 2016 22 13 6 217 [2]
July 6, 2016 22 13 7 239 [3]
August 8, 2016 22 13 7 231 [4]
Other forecasts
Date		 Forecast
Center		 Period Systems Ref
January 8, 2016 PAGASA January — March 1–2 tropical cyclones [5]
January 8, 2016 PAGASA April — June 1–3 tropical cyclones [5]
June 28, 2016 CWB January 1 — December 31 19–23 tropical storms [6]
July 15, 2016 PAGASA July — September 5–11 tropical cyclones [7]
July 15, 2016 PAGASA October — December 4–9 tropical cyclones [7]
Forecast
Center		 Tropical
cyclones		 Tropical
storms		 Typhoons Ref
Actual activity: JMA 47 25 12
Actual activity: JTWC 29 23 12
Actual activity: PAGASA 13 12 8

During the year several national meteorological services and scientific agencies forecast how many tropical cyclones, tropical storms, and typhoons will form during a season and/or how many tropical cyclones will affect a particular country. These agencies included the Tropical Storm Risk (TSR) Consortium of University College London, PAGASA and Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau. Some of the forecasts took into consideration what happened in previous seasons and the El Niño conditions that were observed during the previous year. The first forecast of the year was released by PAGASA during January 2016, within its seasonal climate outlook for the period January – June.[5] The outlook noted that one to two tropical cyclones were expected between January and March, while one to three were expected to develop or enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility between April and June.[5]

During March the Hong Kong Observatory predicted that the typhoon season in Hong Kong would be near-normal, with four to seven tropical cyclones passing within 500 km (310 mi)* of the territory compared to an average of six,[8] which was revised to five to eight tropical cyclones in August. On May 7, Tropical Storm Risk issued its first forecast for the season and predicted that it will be a quiet season, with 22 tropical storms, 13 typhoons, and 6 intense typhoons developing during the year, while an ACE Index of 217 was also forecast.[2] Ahead of the Thailand rainy season starting during May, the Thai Meteorological Department predicted that two tropical cyclones would move near Thailand during 2016.[9] They predicted that there was a high chance that the first tropical cyclone would move past northern and north-eastern Thailand during August or September.[9] The second tropical cyclone was predicted to move past Southern Thailand during October and November.[9] On June 28, Taiwan's Central Weather Bureau predicted that between 19 and 23 tropical storms would develop over the basin, while two — four systems were expected to affect Taiwan itself.[6]

On July 6, TSR released their second forecast for the season. They predicted mostly the same numbers as the previous forecast, but raised the number of intense typhoons to 7.[3] PAGASA issued their second and final forecast for the year on July 15, within its seasonal climate outlook for the period July – December.[7] The outlook noted that between five and eleven tropical cyclones were expected between July and September, while four to nine were expected to develop or enter the Philippine Area of Responsibility between October and December.[7] TSR issued their final forecast for the season on August 8, sustaining the tropical cyclone numbers, however its ACE was slightly lowered than the previous forecast.[4]

Season summary[edit]

A trio of storms southeast of Japan on August 20; Lionrock (left), Mindulle (bottom-left) and Kompasu (top)

Despite the season having a late start, the 2016 season was an active season with a total of 47 tropical depressions, of which 25 became tropical storms. After five months of inactivity owing to the strong 2014–16 El Niño event, the first tropical system developed on May 26, making it the fifth-latest season for a system to form. Only four other seasons started later—the 1973, 1983, 1984 and 1998 seasons. Tropical activity throughout the basin became marginally favorable for development, and two tropical depressions developed during June. On July 3, Nepartak became a tropical storm, making it the second-latest first named storm on record. Nepartak's naming ended a 199-day period (from December 17, 2015 to July 2, 2016) in which no named storm was active within the basin; this period is of joint-record length with that from December 22, 1997 to July 8, 1998.[1] Nepartak reached Category 5 super typhoon intensity before making landfall in Taiwan and East China, causing a total of US$1.52 billion of damage. In late July, Tropical Storm Mirinae reached its peak intensity when it made landfall over Red River Delta in Northern Vietnam. The storm caused a total of US$334 million of damage in Hainan and Vietnam. Later, Nida reached near typhoon strength; it affected the Philippines, South China and Vietnam, but its damage was lower than that of Mirinae. The season became more active in August, with 7 named storms. Except Dianmu, which affected South China, Indochina, all of the tropical cyclones in August affected Japan and the Russian Far East. By the end of August, three storms (Chanthu, Lionrock and Kompasu) had hit the Japanese island of Hokkaidō, the most since 1951.[10] Lionrock was a large, powerful, long-lived and erratic tropical cyclone which caused significant flooding and casualties in North Korea and Japan in late August.

In September, conditions throughout the basin became marginally favorable for typhoons. Typhoon Meranti became the strongest typhoon in terms of pressure since Typhoon Megi in 2010, as well as the strongest typhoon in terms of wind speed since Typhoon Haiyan in 2013, and the strongest tropical cyclone worldwide in 2016. Typhoon Megi reached its peak intensity when it made landfall over Taiwan. Both Meranti and Megi made landfall in Taiwan and Fujian, China, and they caused a total of US$3.6 billion of damage. Rai became a weak tropical storm before it made landfall in Vietnam, Laos and Thailand in mid-September, causing flooding and moderate damage. Typhoon Malakas impacted Japan with a total of nearly $740 million of damage as a Category 4 typhoon. In late September and early October, Typhoon Chaba reached Category 5 super typhoon and became the strongest tropical cyclone to make landfall in South Korea since Sanba in 2012. Chaba also caused 7 deaths in the country.[11] A tropical depression formed east of the International Dateline on October 3, and entered the basin before it became Typhoon Songda. Songda struck the Pacific Northwest region of the United States and Canada as a powerful extratropical cyclone.[12] Severe Tropical Storm Aere affected parts of Southeast Asia in mid-October, and the storm triggered the worst flooding in Vietnam since 2010, causing a total of US$112 million of damage.[13][14] Later, Typhoon Sarika became a strong and powerful typhoon, which affected the Philippines, China and Vietnam, causing very severe damage as well as severe flooding in southern China. After Sarika, Typhoon Haima reached Category 5 super typhoon strength and it became the second most intense tropical cyclone of the North Pacific Ocean in 2016. Haima affected the Philippines and China, causing a total of US$1.93 billion in damages, and was the most severe tropical cyclone to affect Hong Kong in October since 1995. In early November, a tropical depression made landfall in Southern Vietnam and caused heavy flooding throughout central and southern Vietnam, causing moderate damage.

Season effects[edit]

This table will list all the storms that developed in the northwestern Pacific Ocean west of the International Date Line and north of the equator during 2016. It will include their intensity, duration, name, areas affected, deaths, and damage totals. Classification and intensity values will be based on estimations conducted by the JMA. All damage figures will be in 2016 USD. Damages and deaths from a storm will include when the storm was a precursor wave or an extratropical cyclone.

Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Refs
Category Wind speed Pressure
01W May 26 – 27 Tropical depression 45 km/h (30 mph)[P 1] 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) South China Unknown None
TD June 23 – 25 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) Vietnam None None
Ambo June 26 – 28 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Philippines, South China None None
Nepartak
(Butchoy)		 July 2 – 10 Typhoon 205 km/h (125 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, East China $1.52 billion 86 [15][16][17]
03W July 15 – 20 Tropical depression 45 km/h (30 mph)[P 1] 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) Ryukyu Islands None None
Lupit July 22 – 24 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None
Mirinae July 25 – 28 Severe tropical storm 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) South China, Vietnam, Laos $334 million 5 [18][19]
TD July 27 Tropical depression Not specified 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) None None None
TD July 28 – 29 Tropical depression Not specified 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) None None None
Nida (Carina) July 29 – August 3 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, South China, Vietnam $89 million 4 [19][20]
Omais August 2 – 9 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Mariana Islands, Japan, Russian Far East None None
TD August 6 – 9 Tropical depression Not specified 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Ryukyu Islands, East China None None
Conson August 7 – 15 Tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) Japan, Russian Far East None None
TD August 10 – 12 Tropical depression Not specified 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, East China None None
Chanthu August 12 – 17 Severe tropical storm 100 km/h (65 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) Japan, Russian Far East None None
TD August 12 – 13 Tropical depression Not specified 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Taiwan None None
Dianmu August 15 – 20 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) South China, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Bangladesh, India $6.9 million 9 [21]
TD August 16 Tropical depression Not specified 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) South China, Vietnam None None
Mindulle August 17 – 23 Typhoon 120 km/h (75 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Mariana Islands, Japan Unknown 2 [22]
Lionrock
(Dindo)		 August 17 – 30 Typhoon 165 km/h (105 mph) 940 hPa (27.76 inHg) Japan, Russia, Northeast China, North Korea $325 million 550+ [23]
TD August 17 – 18 Tropical depression Not specified 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None
Kompasu August 18 – 21 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Japan, Russian Far East None 1
14W August 23 – 24 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Mariana Islands None None
TD August 24 Tropical depression Not specified 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
TD August 24 Tropical depression Not specified 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None None None
TD August 25 Tropical depression Not specified 1002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
TD August 27 Tropical depression Not specified 1006 hPa (29.71 inHg) None None None
TD August 30 – 31 Tropical depression Not specified 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None None None
Namtheun
(Enteng)		 August 31 –
September 5		 Typhoon 130 km/h (80 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Japan None None
Malou September 5 – 7 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Japan None None
Meranti
(Ferdie)		 September 9 – 16 Typhoon 220 km/h (140 mph) 890 hPa (26.28 inHg) Mariana Islands, Philippines, Taiwan, China $2.63 billion 30 [24][25]
17W September 11 – 12 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph)[P 1] 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None
Rai September 11 – 13 Tropical storm 65 km/h (40 mph) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand $37.3 million 12
Malakas
(Gener)		 September 11 – 20 Typhoon 175 km/h (110 mph) 930 hPa (27.46 inHg) Mariana Islands, Taiwan, Japan $739 million 2 [26][27]
Megi (Helen) September 22 – 29 Typhoon 155 km/h (100 mph) 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) Caroline Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, China $945 million 24 [28][29]
Chaba (Igme) September 24 – October 5 Typhoon 215 km/h (130 mph) 905 hPa (26.73 inHg) Mariana Islands, Japan, South Korea $18.3 million 7 [30]
Songda October 4 – 13 Typhoon 185 km/h (115 mph) 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) None None None
Aere (Julian) October 4 – 14 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) Philippines, Taiwan, South China, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand $112 million 35 [14]
Sarika (Karen) October 13 – 19 Typhoon 175 km/h (110 mph) 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) Philippines, South China, Vietnam $757 million 34 [31][32][33]
Haima (Lawin) October 14 – 21 Typhoon 215 km/h (130 mph) 900 hPa (26.58 inHg) Caroline Islands, Philippines, Taiwan, China, Japan $1.93 billion 19 [33][34][35][36][37][38]
TD October 15 Tropical depression Not specified 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) None None None
Meari October 31 – November 7 Typhoon 150 km/h (90 mph) 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) Mariana Islands None None
TD November 1 – 4 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Mariana Islands None None
TD November 3 – 6 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Borneo, Vietnam, Cambodia $48 million 15 [39][40]
Ma-on November 8 – 13 Tropical storm 75 km/h (45 mph) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) None None None
28W November 9 – 12 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph)[P 1] 1008 hPa (29.77 inHg) Marshall Islands None None
Tokage (Marce) November 23 – 28 Tropical storm 85 km/h (50 mph) 994 hPa (29.29 inHg) Philippines, Vietnam $9.7 million 10 [41][42][43]
TD December 10 – 13 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) 1004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Vietnam ≥$34.5 million 24+ [44]>
Season aggregates
48 systems May 26 –
Season ongoing		 220 km/h (140 mph) 890 hPa (26.28 inHg) ≥$9.53 billion 869+

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d 1-minute sustained wind speeds

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Ranking of Typhoon Inactive Period (W. North Pacific) : Top 500". Digital Typhoon. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
  2. ^ a b c Saunders, Mark; Lea, Adam (May 6, 2015). Extended Range Forecast for Northwest Pacific Typhoon Activity in 2016 (PDF) (Report). Tropical Storm Risk Consortium. Retrieved May 7, 2016.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. ^ a b Saunders, Mark; Lea, Adam (July 6, 2015). July Forecast Update for Northwest Pacific Typhoon Activity in 2016 (PDF) (Report). Tropical Storm Risk Consortium. Retrieved July 6, 2016.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ a b Saunders, Mark; Lea, Adam (August 8, 2015). July Forecast Update for Northwest Pacific Typhoon Activity in 2016 (PDF) (Report). Tropical Storm Risk Consortium. Retrieved August 8, 2016.{{cite report}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b c d Malano, Vicente B (January 8, 2016). January — June 2016 (Seasonal Climate Outlook). PAGASA. Archived from the original on January 21, 2016.
  6. ^ a b Cheng, Ming-Dean (June 28, 2016). "Less Typhoons due to La Niña, While Two to Four Expected to Hit Taiwan in 2016" (doc) (Press release). Taiwan Central Weather Bureau. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
  7. ^ a b c d Malano, Vicente B (July 15, 2016). July — December 2016 (Seasonal Climate Outlook). Archived from the original on July 31, 2016. {{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  8. ^ Chi-ming, Shun (March 15, 2016). "Speech by Mr Shun Chi-ming, Director of the Hong Kong Observatory March 15, 2016" (PDF). Hong Kong Observatory. Archived from the original on April 3, 2016. Retrieved April 3, 2016.
  9. ^ a b c "The Seasonal forecast of Thailand during the Rainy Season of 2016". Thai Meteorological Department. April 25, 2016. Archived from the original on May 8, 2016. Retrieved May 8, 2016.
  10. ^ Dave Ornauer (August 28, 2016). "Lionrock could give Tokyo area another drenching". Stars and Stripes. Retrieved August 28, 2016.
  11. ^ "Typhoon Chaba leaves 7 dead, 3 missing in southern S. Korea". Yonhap News. 6 October 2016. Retrieved 7 October 2016.
  12. ^ Bob Henson (October 14, 2016). "Potential once-in-a-decade windstorm takes shape for Pacific Northwest". Weather Ungerground. Retrieved October 14, 2016.
  13. ^ "Mưa ở Quảng Bình là 'kỷ lục chưa từng có' - VnExpress". vnexpress.net. Retrieved November 13, 2016.
  14. ^ a b "Tình hình kinh tế — xã hội 10 tháng đầu năm 2016" (in Vietnamese). General Statistics of Vietnam. October 29, 2016. Archived from the original on November 13, 2016. Retrieved November 13, 2016.
  15. ^ "尼伯特颱風災害應變處置報告第 7 報(結報)" (PDF). nfa.gov.tw (in Chinese). Central Emergency Operation Center. July 9, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
  16. ^ ""尼伯特"重创福建福州 已致83人死亡19人失踪" (in Chinese). China News Service. July 17, 2016. Retrieved July 18, 2016.
  17. ^ ""尼伯特"致福建69死6失踪 直接经济损失近百亿" (in Chinese). China News Service. July 15, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
  18. ^ "Natural disasters kill 612 in China in July". Xinhua. August 10, 2016. Retrieved November 13, 2016.
  19. ^ a b "Phó Thủ tướng chỉ đạo ứng phó thiên tai, bão lũ" (in Vietnamese). Vietnam Government. August 8, 2016. Retrieved August 8, 2016.
  20. ^ "Typhoon Nida affected 495,000 people in China". China.org. Xinhua. August 3, 2016. Retrieved August 4, 2016.
  21. ^ "Tình hình kinh tế — xã hội 8 tháng năm 2016" (in Vietnamese). General Statistics of Vietnam. Archived from the original on September 3, 2016. Retrieved September 3, 2016.
  22. ^ "2 dead, 29 injured as Typhoon Mindulle hits Tokyo". Upi. August 23, 2016.
  23. ^ "Global Catastrophe Recap October 2016" (PDF). Aon Benfield. Aon Benfield. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
  24. ^ "Death toll rises to 15 after typhoon batters China, Taiwan". CTVNews. September 17, 2016.
  25. ^ "SitRep No. 9 re Preparedness Measures and Effects of Typhoon FERDIE (MERANTI)" (PDF). NDRRMC. September 21, 2016.
  26. ^ http://www.yomiuri.co.jp/local/kagoshima/news/20161014-OYTNT50058.html
  27. ^ http://www.sankei.com/affairs/news/160921/afr1609210027-n1.html
  28. ^ "台风"鲇鱼"致3省200余万人受灾". 中华人民共和国民政部. Retrieved 2016-10-02.
  29. ^ "颱風梅姬農損逾25億 嘉義雲林最慘重". 中央社. Retrieved 2016-10-02.(in Chinese)
  30. ^ Cite error: The named reference Financial Times Bangladesh was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  31. ^ "Sitrep No. 08 re Preparedness Measures for Typhoon KAREN (SARIKA)" (PDF). NDRRMC. Retrieved October 20, 2016.
  32. ^ ""莎莉嘉"致海南广东广西300余万人受灾". 中华人民共和国民政部. Retrieved 2016-10-24.
  33. ^ a b "Typhoons impact industries in southern China". Global Times. October 24, 2016.
  34. ^ "SitRep No.9 re Preparedness Measures & Effects of Super TY LAWIN (I.N. HAIMA)" (PDF). NDRRMC. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
  35. ^ "13 dead, P3b lost in Lawin's wake". The Standard PH. October 21, 2016.
  36. ^ "Typhoon Haima leaves one dead in Hong Kong as city counts the cost". South China Morning Post. October 21, 2016.
  37. ^ "'Lawin': 18 dead, 40 thousand people still in shelters". Inquirer. October 22, 2016.
  38. ^ ""海马"造成直接经济损失近50亿元". 中华人民共和国民政部. Retrieved 2016-10-29.
  39. ^ "Death Toll From Floods in Central Coastal Vietnam Reaches 15". Radio Free Asia. November 9, 2016.
  40. ^ http://thanhnien.vn/thoi-su/mua-lu-cuon-troi-hon-1000-ti-dong-763151.html
  41. ^ "Sitrep No. 04 re Preparedness Measures and Effects for TS MARCE (TOKAGE)" (PDF). NDRRMC. November 27, 2016.
  42. ^ http://www.baoxaydung.com.vn/news/vn/thoi-su/diem-tin-412-mua-lu-mien-trung-lam-10-nguoi-chet-tai-san-thiet-hai-nang.html
  43. ^ http://laodong.com.vn/thoi-su-xa-hoi/quang-nam-thiet-hai-220-ty-dong-tu-mua-lu-618571.bld
  44. ^ Cite error: The named reference tdvn12 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2016 Pacific typhoon season.


[[Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines]] [[Category:2016 Pacific typhoon season| ]] [[Category:Pacific typhoon seasons]]

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