2013 Iranian presidential election

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

2013 Iranian presidential election
← 2009 14 June 2013 2017 →
Turnout72.71% (Decrease 12.51pp)
 
Nominee Hassan Rouhani Bagher Ghalibaf Saeed Jalili
Party MDP PJP FIRS
Popular vote 18,613,329 6,077,292 4,168,946
Percentage 52.49% 17.14% 11.76%
 
Nominee Mohsen Rezaee Ali Akbar Velayati
Party RFII FFLIL
Popular vote 3,884,412 2,268,753
Percentage 10.95% 6.40%
Most voted-for candidate by district
Rouhani: violet; Ghalibaf: yellow; Jalili: red; Rezaee: blue
President before election

Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
ABII

Elected President

Hassan Rouhani
MDP

Presidential elections were held in Iran on 14 June 2013. Hassan Rouhani was elected in the first round of voting with 52% of the vote. Tehran Mayor Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf finished second with 17% of the vote.[1] Voter turnout was 73%.

The Guardian Council screened 680 registered candidates, approving eight to run in the election; Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf, Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel, Ali Akbar Velayati, Saeed Jalili, Mohsen Rezaee, Mohammad Gharazi, Hassan Rouhani and Mohammad Reza Aref. Haddad-Adel and Aref later withdrew from the race in the days leading up to the election. Incumbent President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad was not able to run for re-election as he was limited to two terms or 8 years in office under the Iranian constitution.

Electoral system[edit]

A man in Sarakhs casts his vote.

The President of Iran is the country's highest directly elected official, the chief of the executive branch, and the second most important position after the Supreme Leader. Duties are similar to heads of governments in other countries, except that the armed forces, Chief judiciary system, state television, and other key governmental organizations are under the control of the Supreme Leader of Iran. It is also an informal custom that cabinet ministers for sensitive departments like foreign relations and intelligence are coordinated with the Supreme Leader.

The president is elected using the two-round system. To win in the first round, a candidate must receive more than 50% of all votes cast (both valid and invalid).[2]

Any Iranian citizen born in Iran, believing in God and the official religion of Iran (Islam), who has always been loyal to the Constitution and is above 21 years of age may register as a presidential candidate. An institution called the Election Monitoring Agency (EMA) and managed by the Guardian Council vets registered candidates (in the 2009 election 36,000 people signed up as candidates) and selects a handful to run in the election. The Guardian Council does not announce publicly the reason for rejections of particular candidates although those reasons are explained to each candidate. Females who register as candidates have invariably been excluded from standing for election by the council.[3][4]

Electoral law[edit]

One of the issues that has been raised in the pre-election debate over electoral reforms, especially regarding enforcement, situations of candidates. Executive of elections under previous law was ministry of interior (Government) and there were statements about changing of maintaining law. In addition, the law provided that the candidates must be political men and the meaning of men was not known. The changes began after the protests to the previous election. According to Iranian law, candidates more than 75 years old are eligible to run but their health issues must be checked by the Guardian Council.

The new act of the elections was approved by the parliament on 17 December 2012 and was signified by speaker of the parliament, Ali Larijani, to the president for official implementation.[5][6] Some of the changes are explained:

Act Before After (changed)
18 / 31
  • Ministry of Interior must announce the results
  • Ministry of Interior is the only official reference of the election.
  • Electoral Commission will announce the results after the Ministry of Interior confirmation*.
  • Ministry of Interior, under the Electoral Commission are the official references of the election.
64
  • Debates can be recorded.
  • Debates must be live.
  • If extortion about one candidate, he has the mandate to defend him/herself in next programs.

Timeline[edit]

  • 7 May – The official registration of candidates began at the ministry of interior.[7]
  • 11 May – The time for registration was ended at 18:00 IRDT.
  • 21 May – The final list of candidates was announced by the Minister of Interior, Mostafa Mohammad Najjar. A number of 8 candidates are eligible to participate in the election.[8]
  • 24 May – Official propagation campaigns for the final candidates began.
  • 13 June – End of campaigns.
  • 14 June – Election date.
  • 15 June – Official results announced by Interior Ministry with Hassan Rouhani elected as the seventh President of Iran.
  • 25 June – Guardian Council confirmed the election results.
  • 1 August – President-elect met with Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei.
  • 3 August – Inauguration of new president, replacing Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.

Electoral Commission[edit]

For the first time in the history of Iranian presidential elections, a commission of eleven persons (three legal, seven experts, and one from parliament) supervised the elections.[9][10]

Candidates[edit]

See also: List of candidates in the 2013 Iranian presidential election

Registration for candidates took place from 7 to 11 May 2013.[11][12] Registered candidates' qualifications were then reviewed by the Guardian Council.[13] On 21 May 2013 eight candidates were approved for placement on the ballot. BBC News commented that all eight approved candidates were "considered hardline conservatives," with reformist candidates, notably former president Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, having been barred from standing.[14] In contrast, Lebanon's Daily Star newspaper described attempts by former presidents Rafsanjani and Mohammad Khatami to unite behind one or the other of two "reformist candidates," Hassan Rouhani and Mohammad Reza Aref.[15] Two of the eight, Aref and Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel, withdrew from the race on 10 and 11 June.[16][17]

Name Party Slogan Political background

Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf[18] 		Population For Progress and Justice
Change, Life, People
A glorious Iran 		Ghalibaf has been Mayor of Tehran since 2005. During the Iran–Iraq War, he was chief commander of Iran's Imam Ridha troops in 1982 and of its Nasr Troops from 1983 to 1984. After the war he became managing director of Khatam al-Anbia, an engineering firm controlled by the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps and also commander of the Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force, in 1996. In 2000, he became chief of the Iranian Police Forces. He was also a candidate in 2005 presidential election.

Mohammad Gharazi[19] 		Independent
Government against Inflation 		Gharazi was Minister of Petroleum from 1981 to 1985 and Minister of Posts from 1985 to 1997. He was a member of the Iran's Parliament from 1980 to 1984 and Governor of Khuzestan from 1979 to 1980.

Saeed Jalili[20][21] 		Front of Islamic Revolution Stability
Hayat-e-Taiba 		Since 2007 Jalili has been Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council and therefore Iran's chief nuclear negotiator. He was previously Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2005 to 2007.

Mohsen Rezaee[22] 		Resistance Front of Islamic Iran
Say hello to life 		Rezaee has been Secretary of the Expediency Discernment Council since 1997. From 1981 to 1997 he was chief commander of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps. He has run for the presidency twice, in 2005 and 2009.

Hassan Rouhani[23] 		Moderation and Development Party
(Endorsed by Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front)
Government of Prudence and Hope 		Rouhani has been a member of the Assembly of Experts since 1999, head of the Center for Strategic Research since 1992, and a member of the Expediency Discernment Council since 1991. He has also served on the Supreme National Security Council since 1989; he was secretary of the council and therefore Iran's chief nuclear negotiator from 1989 to 2005. Rouhani was a member of Iran's parliament from 1980 to 2000, also serving as Deputy Speaker of the parliament from 1992 to 2000.

Ali Akbar Velayati[20][24] 		Front of Followers of the Line of the Imam and the Leader
(Endorsed by Society of Seminary)
Complementarity Government 		Velayati was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1981 to 1997 and Deputy Minister of Health from 1980 to 1981. He was a member of the Parliament from 1980 to 1981.

Withdrawn[edit]

During the electoral campaign[edit]

The following two candidates registered for the election and their nominations were approved by the Guardian Council, but withdrew their candidacies during the electoral campaign.

  • Mohammad Reza Aref, First Vice President (2001–2005) (endorsed Hassan Rouhani).
  • Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel, Speaker of the Parliament (2004–2008) (endorsed Conservative candidates; Progression Alliance).
Name Party Slogan Political background Endorsed

Mohammad-Reza Aref[25][26] 		Omid Iranian Foundation
Livelihoods, decent and honest life with dignity and rationality 		Aref was First Vice President of Iran from 2001 to 2005 in the second term of Mohammad Khatami. Livelihoods, decent and honest life with dignity and rationality. He previously served as Minister Information and Communications Technology and head of Management and Planning Organization in Khatami's first cabinet.He is also an electrical engineer and a professor at University of Tehran and Sharif University of Technology. He withdrew his candidacy on 11 June in order to give the reformist camp a better chance to win. Hassan Rouhani

Gholam-Ali Haddad-Adel[27][28] 		Society of Devotees of the Islamic Revolution None Haddad-Adel, an Iranian parliamentarian who chaired it from 2004 to 2008 was one of Progression Alliance candidates. He was also president of Academy of Persian Language and Literature. He withdrew on 10 June in favor of a principlist candidate. Principlist candidates

Before the electoral campaign[edit]

The following candidates registered for the election campaign but withdrew their candidacies before the electoral campaign.

Rejected[edit]

The following candidates registered for the election but their nominations were rejected by the Guardian Council. All thirty registered female candidates were promptly disqualified on constitutional grounds.[37]

Declined[edit]

The following people did not register for the election and declined to enter the race.

Endorsements[edit]

While Rouhani is a high-ranking member of the Combatant Clergy Association,[66] his candidacy in the election was not supported by CCA which has conservative tendency.[67] He was supported by some moderate and reformist parties such as Moderation and Development Party and Islamic Iran Participation Front as well as Iranian reform movement's umbrella organization, Council for coordinating the Reforms Front. Rouhani's motto in the election is "E'tedal" which is translated to "Moderation" and he is described as a moderate politician by some western sources.[68][69]

Campaign[edit]

Politics of Iran
Government of Islamic Republic of Iran
Leadership
Executive
Legislative
Judicial
Supreme Councils
Local governments
Elections
Political parties and factions
Inside government
Reformists
Principlists
Outside government
Monarchism
Liberalism
Nationalism
Pan-Iranism
Socialism
Ideology
Foreign relations
Related topics

Debates[edit]

Main article: Iranian presidential election debates, 2013

From 25 May to 12 June 2013, each of the eight final candidates has the right to use National TV and Radio (IRIB) for their presidential election campaigns. In total, each candidate will use 405 minutes on Public TV and 285 minutes on Public Radio. This time comprises the candidates' own campaign programs as well as participation in the specific discussion shows. In addition, there will be three main live group debates on TV. The debates are held in three chapters: the first was held on 31 May, and second on 5 May and third on 7 May between all eight candidates. They differed from the previous election debates, which were held person-by-person. The 2013 debates and TV shows are moderated by Morteza Heidari and Hassan Abedini.[74]

The following table shows the programme details and the time schedule for each candidate in Iranian Public TV. The times given are the local time (UTC +4:30 IRDT).[75]

Program title Channel & Time Repetition time 25 May
Sat 		26 May
Sun 		27 May
Mon 		28 May
Tue 		29 May
Wed 		30 May
Thu 		31 May
Fri 		1 June
Sat 		2 June
Sun
With Camera IRIB1, 20:00–20:30 — Rezaei Jalili Velayati Rouhani Ghalibaf Haddad Aref Gharazi
Special talk IRIB2, 22:45–23:30 — Jalili Velayati Rouhani Ghalibaf Aref Rezaei Gharazi Haddad
Reply Iranian abroad JJ1, 23:30–00:30 — Gharazi Aref 1 Haddad Jalili Velayati Rouhani Aref Ghalibaf Rezaei
Debate 1 IRIB1, 16:00–19:30 IRIB4, 21:00–00:30 All
Program title Channel & Time Repetition time 3 June
Mon 		4 June
Tue 		5 June
Wed 		6 June
Thu 		7 June
Fri 		8 June
Sat 		9 June
Sun 		10 June
Mon 		11 June
Tue 		12 June
Wed
Reply the experts IRIB4, 18:10–19:10 — Gharazi Haddad Rouhani Jalili Ghalibaf Aref Rezaei Velayati
Reply the youth IRIB3, 19:10–20:10 — Aref Ghalibaf Velayati Rezaei Haddad Gharazi Jalili Rouhani
Documentary 1–2 IRIB1, 20:10–20:40 JJ1, 23:30–24:00 Rezaei Velayati Ghalibaf Aref Jalili Rouhani Haddad 2 Gharazi
The talk IRINN, 22:30–23:00 — Rouhani Jalili Gharazi Haddad Velayati Rezaei Aref 2 Ghalibaf
Documentary 1–2 IRIB1, 23:30–24:00 JJ1, 00:30–01:00 Jalili Rouhani Haddad Gharazi Rezaei Velayati Ghalibaf Aref 2
Debate 2–3 IRIB1, 16:00–19:30 IRIB4, 21:00–00:30 All All

1 The first one-hour TV program of Mohammad-Reza Aref was cut after 15 minutes and did not continue.[76][77] Later, the program was completely shown again on Friday, 31 May 2013.[78]
2 Haddad and Aref's programs were not shown because they withdrew.[79]

State limits on the campaign[edit]

On 9 June Brigadier General Seyyed Masoud Jazayeri, Deputy Chief of Joint Armed Forces Headquarters and head of the Defense Propaganda Headquarters, "warned" a "few of the candidates" that "we have warned before that it's better that candidates express their opinions within the framework of presidency's authority, and avoid entering in those issues related to security or the armed forces." Jazayeri added that the Pasdaran will confront those candidates "who have spread untrue information and painted a black picture [of the regime], after the election."

According to the Campaign for Human Rights in Iran, Jazayeri was "alluding to the two reformist candidates in the race, Mohammad Reza Aref and Hassan Rouhani". (Aref withdrew from the race 11 June)[80]

Also according to the Campaign, "several political activists and campaign workers have been arrested at political rallies, at their work places, and at their homes" since the beginning of June. In addition, "journalists and activists who had been imprisoned after the 2009 elections" and were later released on furlough "have been recalled to prison in the month leading to the election"[80]

In the run-up to the election, the internet was drastically slowed down with poor connectivity and since March virtual private networks have been blocked, resulting in the inability of Iranians to access thousands of foreign websites, as well as Twitter and Facebook.[81]

Supporters of Hassan Rouhani rally

Opinion polls[edit]

The main online polls began after announcement of candidates' final list. The polls are divided into three main groups: field polls, telephone polls and internet polls.

IPOS polls[edit]

As one of the few telephone polling systems in Iran, IPOS (Iranian Elections Tracking Polls) institute ran a daily poll system for the election, by claiming that they have the only official poll system in Iranian presidential election.[82][83] The poll is based on the daily phone interviews with a sample size of around 1,000 people per day.[84] The poll also reported that between 60 and 75% of the people confirmed they will participate in the presidential election.[85]

On 6 June 2013 Ghalibaf held a strong lead in the poll with the support of 39% of decided voters. However, the poll notified that 57% of voters are undecided, meaning that the poll result can be changed easily. Rezaee and Jalili had the second and third place with 16.8 and 13.9% of decided voters respectively.[84][86]

On 10 June 2013 Ghalibaf still held a lead in the presidential race, but this time with the support of 27% of decided voters. Ghalibaf votes has started to decrease after the third national TV debate held on 7 June 2013. The percentage of undecided voters decreased to 47%. Jalili and Rezaee had the second and third place with 16.5 and 16% of decided voters respectively. Rouhani's votes started to increase after the third national TV debate reaching from 8 to 14%. After Aref's withdrawal on 11 June 2013 and decreasing the undecided voters percentage, some significant changes in the percentages are expected in the following days.[87][88]

On 12 June 2013 Rouhani made a notable lead in the presidential race, reaching 32% of decided votes. Ghalibaf votes has continued to decrease to 24.4% of decided voters. The percentage of undecided voters decreased to 42%. Jalili, Rezaee and Velayati had the third to fifth place with a rally small margin of difference.[89][90]

On 13 June 2013 in the final results, Rouhani reached 38% of decided votes. Ghalibaf votes remained on 25% of decided voters. The percentage of undecided voters decreased to 38.7%. Rezaee, Jalili and Velayati were in third to fifth place.[91]

Poll source Date Total votes Jalili Haddad Rezaee Rouhani Aref Gharazi Ghalibaf Velayati decided votes (%)
IPOS[92][93] 3–6 June 2013 1,067 13.9% 4.4% 16.8% 8.1% 5.8% 0.7% 39.0% 11.5% 42.9%[94]
5–8 June 2013 1,067 14.8%Increase 4.5% Increase 16.4% Decrease 9.6%Increase 6.8% Increase 2.6% Increase 34.1% Decrease 11.3% Decrease 44.9%[95]
7–10 June 2013 1,067 16.5%Increase 3.5% Decrease 16.0% Decrease 14.4% Increase 8.4% Increase 2.7% Increase 27.1% Decrease 11.4% Increase 53.1%[96]
8–11 June 2013 1,067 13.7%Decrease 1.3% Decrease 16.3% Increase 26.6%Increase 5.1% Decrease 1.5% Decrease 24.8% Decrease 10.4% Decrease 57.6%[97]
9–12 June 2013 1,067 13.7%Steady 0.6% Decrease 14.3% Decrease 31.7% Increase 1.6% Decrease 1.4% Decrease 24.4% Decrease 12.7% Increase 57.8%[98]
10–13 June 2013 1,067 12.6%Decrease — 13.7% Decrease 38% Increase — 1.4% Steady 24.6% Increase 9.7% Decrease 61.3%[99]

Results[edit]

Ballot which was used in the election

According to the Ministry of Interior, 50,483,192 were eligible to vote in the first round.[100] Over 66,000 polling stations were set up across the country. Expatriates were able to vote in 285 polling stations set-up in their respective countries.[citation needed] Due to its massive population, Tehran Province had the highest number of polling stations with over 17,000.[citation needed]

Rouhani narrowly avoided a second round, receiving 50.71% of all votes cast. At 20:30 the ministry announced Rouhani as the new president.[citation needed]

CandidatePartyVotes%
Hassan RouhaniModeration and Development Party18,613,32952.49
Mohammad Bagher GhalibafProgress and Justice Population6,077,29217.14
Saeed JaliliFront of Islamic Revolution Stability4,168,94611.76
Mohsen RezaeeResistance Front of Islamic Iran3,884,41210.95
Ali Akbar VelayatiFront of Followers of the Line of the Imam and the Leader2,268,7536.40
Mohammad GharaziIndependent446,0151.26
Total35,458,747100.00
Valid votes35,458,74796.61
Invalid/blank votes1,245,4093.39
Total votes36,704,156100.00
Registered voters/turnout50,483,19272.71
Source: Ministry of Interior

By province[edit]

The table below displays the official vote tallies by province.

Provinces/districts won by Rouhani
Provinces/districts won by Rezaee

Turnout[edit]

Officials said over 72 percent of over 50 million eligible Iranians turned out to vote.[128]

Reactions[edit]

Prior to the election, the Foreign Ministry's spokesperson, Abbas Araghchi accused France and the United States of interfering in the electoral process after the two countries' officials criticised the nomination process and the disqualifications.[129] Hours after the announcement of preliminary results, Ali Akbar Velayati and Mohammad Gharazi both conceded their loss in the election and congratulated the president-elect.[130][131] Mohammad Reza Aref, the withdrawing candidate also published via his Twitter account, congratulating the new president and thanked people for voting for the reform movement.[132] Hassan Rouhani, Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf and Mohsen Rezaee's campaigns also thanked the nation on their high participation in the election.[133] Tehran Stock Exchange's index also reached more than 46,000 units that was highest since February 2013.[134] Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei also congratulated Rouhani on his election as new president of the country.[135]

Inauguration[edit]

Main article: First inauguration of Hassan Rouhani

The inauguration of Hassan Rouhani as the 7th President of Iran took place on two rounds, first on Saturday 3 August 2013 whereby he received his presidential precept from Supreme Leader and entered to the Sa'dabad Palace, official residence of the president in a private ceremony. The second was on the next day with sworn in for the office in the Parliament of Iran.

Hassan Rouhani inauguration

Maps[edit]

  • Votes received by Rouhani per districts
    Votes received by Rouhani per districts
  • Votes received by Ghalibaf per districts
    Votes received by Ghalibaf per districts
  • Votes received by Jalili per districts
    Votes received by Jalili per districts
  • Votes received by Rezaee per districts
    Votes received by Rezaee per districts
  • Votes received by Velayati per districts
    Votes received by Velayati per districts

Gallery[edit]

  • Supreme leader of Iran casts his vote
    Supreme leader of Iran casts his vote
  • People for presidential candidates
    People for presidential candidates
  • Rouhani among his supporters in Tabriz
    Rouhani among his supporters in Tabriz
  • People voting on the election day
    People voting on the election day
  • Rouhani supporters celebrating after the announcement of the results
    Rouhani supporters celebrating after the announcement of the results

References[edit]

  1. ^ Hassan Rouhani wins Iran presidential election BBC News, 15 June 2013
  2. ^ "Iran Live: The Results of the Presidential Election". EA WorldView. 15 June 2013.
  3. ^ Karimov, F (8 May 2013). "First female candidate registered for Iranian presidential elections". Trend. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
  4. ^ "Iran's ban on female presidential candidates contradicts Constitution". Amnesty International. 17 May 2013. Archived from the original on 8 June 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2013.
  5. ^ "Changes in electoral law". Webcitation. Archived from the original on 5 April 2014.
  6. ^ "Larijani announced the elections law changes". Khabaronline.
  7. ^ "The doors of the Interior Ministry was opened to candidates". Ie92. Archived from the original on 8 June 2013. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  8. ^ "List of approved candidates". ISNA. 21 May 2013.
  9. ^ "Members of the Electoral Commission announced". Isna.ir. 28 April 2013.
  10. ^ "Electoral Commission". Farsnews.ir.
  11. ^ Iran to hold presidential election on 14 June 2013, Ya Libnan, 15 December 2012
  12. ^ "Minister: Registration of candidates for next presidential elections to start May 6, 2013". IRNA. 15 December 2012. Archived from the original on 13 April 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  13. ^ "خانه ملت". Archived from the original on 9 December 2006. Retrieved 7 December 2006.
  14. ^ "Rafsanjani and Mashaei barred from Iran presidency poll", BBC News, 21 May 2013
  15. ^ Iranian reformists struggle to settle on candidate Kristin Dailey, The Daily Star, 8 June 2013
  16. ^ "Conservative drops out of Iranian presidential election". CNN. 11 June 2013.
  17. ^ "Iran's Mohammad Reza Aref quits presidential race". BBC. 11 June 2013. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  18. ^ "خبرآنلاین – قالیباف و پرویز کاظمی هم در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت نام کردند". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  19. ^ a b c "خبرآنلاین – خرازی و علی فلاحیان به جمع ثبت‌نام کنندگان انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری پیوستند/ غرضی، وزیر پست دولت هاشمی داوطلب انتخابات شد/ معاون احمدی‌نژاد هم آمد". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  20. ^ a b c d e Presidential Race Begins in Iran Archived 19 February 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Al-Monitor, 11 December 2012
  21. ^ a b "محصولی در دانشگاه شاهد قرار است لنکرانی، فتاح و جلیلی طی دو هفته به نتیجه برسند". Fars News. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  22. ^ Mohsen Rezayee to Run for Iran Presidency Again Archived 13 January 2013 at the Stanford Web Archive, Fars News Agency, 18 December 2012
  23. ^ "خبرآنلاین – حسن روحانی برای تشکیل "دولت تدبیر و امید" ثبت‌نام کرد". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  24. ^ "Iran's Presidential Campaign Get Off to Very Early Start". Al Monitor. Archived from the original on 26 May 2013. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  25. ^ "عارف در یازدهمین دوره انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت نام کرد". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  26. ^ "عارف به درخواست خاتمی از ادامه رقابت انصراف داد/ در بیانیه او نامی از حسن روحانی نیامد". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  27. ^ "حدادعادل ثبت نام كرد".
  28. ^ جهان, سایت خبری تحلیلی تابناك اخبار ایران و. "حدادعادل از انتخابات ریاست جمهوری انصراف داد". tabnak.ir.
  29. ^ "خبرآنلاین – پزشکیان از ادامه رقابت در عرصه انتخابات انصراف داد". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  30. ^ a b "خبرآنلاین – اعلام نامزدی داوود احمدی‌نژاد و جواد اطاعت در آخرین روز ثبت نام از نامزدهای انتخابات ریاست جمهوری/برادر رئیس جمهور: به پشتوانه ملت سیلی محکمی به آمریکا خواهیم زد". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  31. ^ "خبرآنلاین – علی‌اکبر جوانفکر پس از ثبت نام در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری: دولتم ادامه دولت احمدی‌نژاد خواهد بود/ سؤالات شما انحرافی است". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  32. ^ a b c d e "خبرآنلاین – 38 نامزد مشهور ریاست جمهوری یازدهم و اولین مواضع". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  33. ^ "خبرآنلاین – ابوترابی فرد در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت‌نام کرد/اعضای ائتلاف‌ پنجگانه اختلاف سلیقه ندارند". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  34. ^ "Shariatmadari names presidential campaign spokesman". Tehran Times. 23 January 2013. Archived from the original on 2 October 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
  35. ^ "خبرآنلاین – باقری لنکرانی برای انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت نام کرد/ همراهی تیم 15 نفره اعضای جبهه پایداری/برنامه‌ ۱۷۰ بندی‌ دارم". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  36. ^ "خبرآنلاین – حضور صادق واعظ زاده اولین نامزد ریاست جمهوری در وزارت کشور". Khabar online. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  37. ^ "Iran’s Disqualification of Female Presidential Candidates Condemned" Archived 13 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine, Uganda News, 30 May 2013
  38. ^ a b "IRAN'S RAFSANJANI REGISTERS FOR PRESIDENTIAL RACE". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 11 June 2013. Retrieved 11 May 2013.
  39. ^ "خبرآنلاین – ثبت نام کاندیدایی با رنگ قرمز/ احمدزاده کرمانی ثبت نام کرد". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  40. ^ "ابوالحسن نواب ثبت نام کرد". Sanaye news. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  41. ^ "زاکانی رسما اعلام کاندیداتوری کرد". Khabar Online. Retrieved 20 April 2013.
  42. ^ "Potential Candidate Series: Mohammad Saeedikia". Iran Election Watch. Archived from the original on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  43. ^ "Consolidated list of presidential candidates". Iran Daily Brief. 18 April 2013. Retrieved 19 April 2013.
  44. ^ "شد". Mehr News. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  45. ^ "ایسنا – طهماسب مظاهری در ستاد انتخابات کشور حضور یافت". Isna. 11 May 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  46. ^ "خبرآنلاین – کواکبیان پس از ثبت نام برای انتخابات ریاست جمهوری: رنگم سبز است". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  47. ^ a b "خبرآنلاین – ابراهیم اصغرزاده هم در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت نام کرد/ رد صلاحیت شوم می‌پذیرم". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  48. ^ "خبرآنلاین – اکبر اعلمی برای انتخابات ریاست جمهوری ثبت نام کرد/برای مناظره با محسن رضایی، قالیباف و ولایتی آماده ام". Khabaronline. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  49. ^ "خبرآنلاین – شعله سعدی پس از ثبت‌نام در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری: برنامه اصلی‌ام شاد کردن مردم است". Khabaronline. Archived from the original on 6 June 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2013.
  50. ^ Sobhani registered Archived 20 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  51. ^ Lai, Johnathan (5 February 2013). "Rutgers professor hopes to run for Iranian presidency". Philly. Retrieved 7 February 2013.
  52. ^ "With Amirahmadi". Al Jazeera. 1 June 2013. Retrieved 31 May 2013.
  53. ^ "خبرآنلاین – پورمحمدی: آقای هاشمی به لحاظ جسمی و روحی آمادگی کاندیداتوری ندارد/ یکی از برنامه هایم اصلاح نظام انتخاباتی است". Khabar online. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  54. ^ نام *. "شرط باهنر برای کناره گیری از انتخابات انتخابات ایران 92". IE92. Archived from the original on 19 March 2013. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  55. ^ Shahsavandi, Ali (12 January 2013). "Mehdi Chamran Declines his Nomination for 2013 Presidential Election". Pars Herald. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  56. ^ "Head of Supreme Council of Province not to stand in presidential polls" (PDF). Labour News Agency. 10 January 2013. Retrieved 10 February 2013.
  57. ^ "Rafsanjani may support Khatami in presidential election". Oana News. 31 May 2013. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 18 March 2013.
  58. ^ "Reformists send letter to Supreme Leader regarding ex-president's participation in elections". Ilna.ir.
  59. ^ a b c "چه کسی کاندیدای نهایی دولت خواهد بود؟". IUS News. Retrieved 27 July 2013.
  60. ^ "اصلاح طلبان جهانگیری را از میدان رقابت ها کنار گذاشتند". Bultan News.
  61. ^ "خبرآنلاین – محسن مهرعلیزاده: قصد کاندیداتوری در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری یازدهم را دارم". Khabar online. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  62. ^ a b "چه کسانی امکان دارد کاندید ریاست جمهوری شوند!". Iranvij. Archived from the original on 3 October 2013. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  63. ^ "Warning Message!". Motalefe. Archived from the original on 6 September 2020. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  64. ^ "Iranian Presidential Election: A Path to Reform". World Policy Institute. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  65. ^ "خبرآنلاین – کاندیدای خانه کارگر در انتخابات ریاست جمهوری: دعوت اصولگرایان از اصلاح‌طلبان برای حضور در انتخابات بدون شرط و شروط نخواهد بود". Khabaronline. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
  66. ^ "اعضاي شوراي مركزي". Rohanyat.ir. Archived from the original on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  67. ^ "حجت‌الاسلام و المسلمین شجونی: جامعه روحانیت برای حمایت از هیچ کاندیدایی به نتیجه نرسیده". Rohanyat.ir. Archived from the original on 16 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  68. ^ Hosseinian, Zahra (15 June 2013). "Iran's new president hails 'victory of moderation'". Reuters. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  69. ^ Fassihi, Farnaz (15 June 2013). "Moderate Candidate Wins Iran's Presidential Vote". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  70. ^ "who's PA main candidate?". Khabaronline.ir.
  71. ^ "حمایت حزب مردمسالاری از کاندیداتوری روحانی". Isna.ir. 10 June 2013.
  72. ^ The Conservatives Majority Alliance's candidate will elect on 9 May
  73. ^ "نامزدهای ائتلاف پیشرفت تاآخر در صحنه می مانند!". Khabaronline.ir.
  74. ^ "اولین مجری انتخاباتی تلویزیون معرفی شد". Khabaronline.ir.
  75. ^ "جدول کامل پخش برنامه‌های تبلیغاتی کاندیداها از صدا و سیما". Yjc.ir.
  76. ^ "قطع برنامه عارف در شبکه جام‌جم، به علت نقص فنی". Isna.ir. 27 May 2013.
  77. ^ "واکنش ستاد انتخاباتی عارف به قطع برنامه این کاندیدا". Isna.ir. 27 May 2013.
  78. ^ "توضیح مدیر شبکه جام‌جم درباره قطع برنامه تبلیغاتی عارف". Isna.ir. 27 May 2013.
  79. ^ "لغو برنامه‌های تبلیغاتی عارف در تلویزیون". Fardanews.com.
  80. ^ a b Iran Accelerates Crackdown on Media and Dissidents Prior to Election 10 June 2013, ICHRI
  81. ^ "Iran's election and the internet: Behind a thick curtain". The Economist. 7 June 2013.
  82. ^ "Iranian Elections Tracking Polls". Ipos.me.
  83. ^ "Video: IPOS institute president talks with VOA (Voice of America) about the IPOS polling system". 10 June 2013. Archived from the original on 15 December 2021 – via YouTube.
  84. ^ a b Fisher, Max. "A rare Iran presidential poll shows Tehran mayor Ghalibaf as runaway favorite". The Washington Post.
  85. ^ "CNN report on Iranian Presidential election". CNN. 10 June 2013.
  86. ^ "Ghalibaf, Rezaei, Jalili Trending Upwards". Ipos.me. 7 June 2013. Archived from the original on 11 June 2013. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  87. ^ "Rouhani Gains As Ghalibaf Continues Slide". Ipos.me. 11 June 2013. Archived from the original on 10 September 2013. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
  88. ^ "ايران - BBC فارسی - نتایج یک نظرسنجی انتخاباتی؛ شیبی که تغییر می‌کند". BBC. 1 January 1970. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  89. ^ "Last Minute Changes". Ipos.me. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
  90. ^ "نتایج جدید یک نظرسنجی: روحانی ۳۲ درصد، قالیباف ۲۴ درصد". Parsipress.ir.
  91. ^ "Scenarios: Rohani And Ghalibaf Go to Runoff or Rohani Wins". Ipos.me. Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 17 June 2013.
  92. ^ "نظرسنجی روزانه انتخابات ریاست‌جمهوری". Ipos.me. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  93. ^ Fisher, Max. "A rare Iran presidential poll shows Tehran mayor Ghalibaf as runaway favorite". The Washington Post. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  94. ^ "روند صعود قالیباف، رضایی و جلیلی". Ipos.me. Archived from the original on 10 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  95. ^ "اثر پس‌لرزه‌های مناظره‌ها". Ipos.me. Archived from the original on 13 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  96. ^ "رشد روحانی، ادامه‌ی نزول قالیباف". Ipos.me. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  97. ^ "Rohani Continues The Surge". Ipos.me. 12 June 2013. Archived from the original on 16 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  98. ^ "تغییرات تا آخرین لحظات". Ipos.me. Archived from the original on 16 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  99. ^ "دو مرحله‌ای: روحانی و قالیباف، یک مرحله‌ای: روحانی". Ipos.me. Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  100. ^ "آمار وزارت کشور از واجدین شرایط رای دادن". Tabnak.
  101. ^ "Alborz governorate". moi.ir. Archived from the original on 21 June 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  102. ^ "Ardabil governorate". Khabaronline.ir.
  103. ^ a b "East Azerbaijan governorate". moi.ir. Archived from the original on 21 June 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  104. ^ a b c "مقایسه آرای 6 نامزد ریاست جمهوری یازدهم در استانهای کشور". Khabaronline. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  105. ^ "Gilan governorate". moi.ir. Archived from the original on 21 June 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  106. ^ "Golestan governorate". moi.ir. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  107. ^ "Hamedan governorate". moi.ir. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  108. ^ "Hormozgan governorate". moi.ir. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  109. ^ "Ilam governorate". moi.ir. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  110. ^ "Isfahan governorate". moi.ir. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2013.
  111. ^ "نتایج کامل شمارش آرا ریاست جمهوری در استان کرمان". Fa.botianews.com. 16 June 2013. Archived from the original on 20 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  112. ^ "Kermanshah governorate". moi.ir.
  113. ^ a b "North Khorasan governorate". moi.ir.
  114. ^ "Razavi Khorasan governorate". Shabestan.ir. Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  115. ^ "نتایج قطعی انتخابات ریاست جمهوری در خراسان جنوبی اعلام شد". Shabestan.ir. Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  116. ^ "The final results of the presidential vote in Khuzestan". Khouzestan News Network.
  117. ^ "Kurdistan governorate". Shabestan.ir. Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  118. ^ "Lorestan governorate". Shabestan.ir. Archived from the original on 18 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  119. ^ "Markazi governorate". Shabestan.ir. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  120. ^ "نتایج شمارش آرای انتخابات ریاست جمهوری در مازندران اعلام شد". .irna.ir. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  121. ^ "Qazvin governorate". yjc.ir.
  122. ^ "Qom governorate". Khabaronline.ir.
  123. ^ "نتایج ریاست جمهوری استان سمنان / در نتایج انتخابات سمنان حسن روحانی بیشترین رای را دارد". Qazvin.us. 15 June 2013. Archived from the original on 17 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  124. ^ "نتایج انتخابات ریاست جمهوری در سیستان و بلوچستان مشخص شد". .irna.ir. Archived from the original on 31 January 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  125. ^ "Tehran governorate". .irna.ir. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  126. ^ "Yazd governorate". .irna.ir. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  127. ^ "Zanjan governorate". .irna.ir. Retrieved 20 June 2013.[permanent dead link]
  128. ^ "Rouhani wins Iran's presidential election". Al Jazeera. 15 June 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 15 June 2013.
  129. ^ "Iran asks the West to keep out of elections – Middle East". Al Jazeera. 4 October 2011. Retrieved 27 May 2013.
  130. ^ "ولایتی: بار مسئولیت از دوشم برداشته شد". Tabnak.ir.
  131. ^ "پیام تشکر محمد غرضی از حضور مردم". Fararu.com.
  132. ^ "پیام تبریک عارف به مردم". Fararu.com.
  133. ^ "پیام تشکر قالیباف ازملت بزرگ ایران". khabarfarsi.com. Archived from the original on 16 June 2013.
  134. ^ "لبخند بورس تهران به نتایج انتخابات". Fararu.com.
  135. ^ "Iranian Supreme Leader congratulates Rouhani". En.trend.az. 15 June 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  136. ^ توسط: NECA Name. "اولین رئیس جمهوری که برگزاری انتخابات ایران را تبریک گفت". Shomanews.com. Archived from the original on 16 June 2013.
  137. ^ "Sarkisian Congratulates New Iranian President". RFE/RL.
  138. ^ Azerbaijan Stresses Promotion of Ties with Iran during Rouhani's Presidency [dead link]
  139. ^ "نسخه چاپيارسال به دوستان پیام‌های تبریک رؤسای کشورهای قطر، بحرین و کویت به رئیس‌جمهور برگزیده". Farsnews.ir. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  140. ^ "روحانی پاسخ پیام تبریک پنج رئیس جمهور را داد". Khabaronline.ir. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  141. ^ Proussalidis, Daniel. "Baird still wary after moderate wins Iranian election". Sunnewsnetwork.ca. Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
  142. ^ "نامه عذرخواهی وزیر خارجه کانادا از مردم ایران". Search.ask.com. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  143. ^ "Europe's eyes in Iran's election". Webcitation.org. Archived from the original on 20 April 2013.
  144. ^ "اعلام آمادگی دولت فرانسه برای همکاری با ایران". Farsnews.ir. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  145. ^ "پیام تبريک وزارت خارجه ايتاليا به روحانی". Aftabnews.ir. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  146. ^ "پیام تبریک پادشاه اردن به روحانی". Isna.ir. 18 June 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  147. ^ "استقبال کویت از سفر روحانی به این کشور". Hamshahrionline.ir. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  148. ^ "Sleiman congratulates Rouhani on election win". The Daily Star. Lebanon. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  149. ^ a b "Tajikistan, Italy, OIC congratulate Rohani". Islamicinvitationturkey.com. 18 June 2013. Archived from the original on 21 June 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  150. ^ "Report: PA president Abbas congratulates Rohani". The Jerusalem Post. 16 June 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  151. ^ "تبریک امیر قطر به روحانی". Isna.ir. 16 June 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  152. ^ "Putin Congratulates Iran's Rouhani with Election, Offers Cooperation". RIA Novosti.
  153. ^ Mashhour, Houriah (17 June 2013). "King of Saudi Arabia congratulates Rouhani on election victory". Aawsat.net. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  154. ^ "Assad Congratulates Rouhani, Hopes for further Cooperation". Almanar.com.lb. Archived from the original on 6 November 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  155. ^ "دولت ترکیه به رئیس جمهور منتخب ملت ایران تبریک گفت". Farsnews.ir. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  156. ^ "انگلیس خواستار برقراری "روابط سازنده" ایران با جامعه بین‌الملل شد". Farsnews.ir. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  157. ^ "UN chief congratulates Hasan Rowhani on election as President of Iran". UN news centre.
  158. ^ "White House congratulates Iranians after Rouhani victory". The Hill. 15 June 2013. Retrieved 3 November 2013.
  159. ^ "Obama: Iranian election a sign the people seek change". Reuters. Retrieved 28 June 2013.

External links[edit]

Media related to Iranian presidential election, 2013 at Wikimedia Commons

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2013_Iranian_presidential_election&oldid=1219480350"