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74th Separate Guards Motor Rifle Brigade

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94th Guards Rifle Division (1943–1957)
94th Guards Motor Rifle Division (1957–1992)
74th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade (1992–present)
Brigade shoulder sleeve insignia
Active1992–present
Country Soviet Union (until 1991)
 Russia
Branch Soviet Army (until 1991)
 Russian Ground Forces
TypeMechanized infantry
SizeBrigade
Part of41st Combined Arms Army
Garrison/HQYurga
Engagements
DecorationsOrder of Suvorov 2nd Class Order of Suvorov 2nd Class
HonorificsZvenigorod
Berlin

The 74th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade is a military formation of the Russian Ground Forces's 41st Combined Arms Army, part of the Central Military District, stationed in Yurga, Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. Military Unit в/ч 21005.

History

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Early years and WWII

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The 74th Motor Rifle Brigade was created from the disbanded 94th Guards Zvenigorod-Berlin Order of Suvorov Motor Rifle Division, formerly called the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. The 94th Guards Rifle Division was formed on 23 April 1943 in the eastern Ukraine as a consolidation of the 14th Guards and 96th Rifle Brigades. It took part in the liberation of southern Ukraine through the remainder of 1943 and into 1944 as part of the 5th Shock Army. It remained with the Army through the remainder of the war and ended in the streets of Berlin. Post-war, it remained with the 5th Shock Army for a period, then transferred to the 3rd Army. In 1957, it was one of the few Rifle Divisions to be reorganized into a Motor Rifle Division and still retained its original number. In the mid-1980s, it was transferred to the 2nd Guards Tank Army, where it remained until withdrawn from East Germany in 1991. After arriving in Yurga (near Tomsk) in the Siberian Military District, it was reorganized into the 74th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade, where it remains today. Other units also became part of the 74th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade including a guards engineering battalion and the 386th Tank Regiment.

On February 3, 2005, Russian defense minister Sergei Ivanov visited the brigade and promised that by the end of 2006, the brigade would be composed fully of professional soldiers, not conscripts.[1] He also said the brigade was one of the most combat ready of the entire Russian military, adding a promise of new barracks construction.

As of 2005, the commander was Major General Farid Balaliyev.[2]

War in Chechnya

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By 30 December 1994, the brigade was in Chechnya reserve, sending 3000+ personnel, 45 tanks, 115 BMP-1s to the fight. The brigade fought in streets against Groznyy. According to records, the brigade lost 120+ personnel during this war.

Russian intervention in the Syrian Civil War

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Elements of the brigade have participated in the Russian military intervention on the Syrian Civil War.[3]

Invasion of Ukraine

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The brigade is also involved in the Russian invasion of Ukraine. A platoon of the 74th Motor Rifle Brigade surrendered to Ukrainian forces near Chernihiv. On 24 February, Ukrainian commander-in-chief Valerii Zaluzhnyi announced that a reconnaissance platoon of the Russian 74th Motorized Rifle Brigade had surrendered near Chernihiv, with the unit's commander claiming "nobody thought that we were going to kill".[4][5][6][7] A member of the brigade was accused by Ukrainian prosecutors of detaining a civilian in the village of Sloboda, Chernihiv Oblast [uk] on 6 March.[8]

On 8 March, the brigade conducted a river crossing of the Desna River in Chernihiv Oblast without setback.[9]

Elements of the brigade were among the units that attempted to cross the Siverskyi Donets River, near Bilohorivka, between May 8th and 10th; reportedly losing over 485 out of 550 men and 80 vehicles, and perhaps up to 1,000 to 1,500 of 2,000, and 100 vehicles.[10][11][12]
The Institute for the Study of War noted that despite their previous successful river crossing, the brigade's commanders may have underestimated improved Ukrainian artillery capability or may have been unable to control troop movements during the crossing.[13]

Units, 1989–90

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Assigned units:[14]

  • Division Headquarters – Schwerin 53° 37’ 00” North, 11° 25’ 00” East
  • 204th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment (BMP) – Schwerin 53° 36’ 10” North, 11° 25’ 20” East
  • 286th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment (BTR) – Schwerin 53° 35’ 40” North, 11° 26’ 00” East
  • 288th Guards Motor Rifle Regiment (BTR) – Wismar 53° 53’ 30” North, 11° 26’ 00” East
  • 74th Guards Tank Regiment – Schwerin 53° 36’ 20” North, 11° 25’ 20” East
  • 199th Guards Self-Artillery Regiment – Wismar 53° 53’ 30” North, 11° 26’ 00” East
  • 896th Anti-Aircraft Missile Regiment – Schwerin 53° 36’ 50” North, 11° 22’ 30” East
  • 28th Separate Tank Battalion – Schwerin 53° 36’ 50” North, 11° 22’ 30” East
  • 496th Separate Anti-Tank Artillery Battalion – Schwerin 53° 38’ 40” North, 11° 25’ 30” East
  • 12th Separate Reconnaissance & Radio EW Battalion – Schwerin 53° 34’ 40” North, 11° 26’ 30” East
  • 159th Separate Guards Signals Battalion – Schwerin 53° 37’ 00” North, 11° 25’ 00” East
  • 107th Separate Guards Engineer-Sapper Battalion – Schwerin 53° 35’ 40” North, 11° 26’ 00” East
  • Unidentified Independent Chemical Defense Battalion
  • 52nd Separate Repair-Reconstruction Battalion
  • 90th Separate Medical-Sanitation Battalion
  • 1130th Separate Material Support Battalion

References

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  1. ^ RIA Novosti, '74th Motorized Brigade to be manned with professionals by Year End 2006', YURGA/Kemerovo Region, February 3, 2005 (10:41)
  2. ^ Krasnaya Zvezda, 5 Sept 2002, via fas.org
  3. ^ "Russian soldiers geolocated by photos in multiple Syria locations, bloggers say". Reuters. 2015-11-08. Retrieved 2016-02-08.
  4. ^ Courtney-Guy, Sam (24 February 2022). "Russian platoon 'surrenders saying they didn't think they had been sent to kill'". Metro. DMG Media. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022.
  5. ^ "Взвод російських розвідників здався в полон ЗСУ". Gazeta.ua (in Ukrainian). 2022-02-24. Retrieved 2024-04-11.
  6. ^ Choi, Joseph (2022-02-24). "Ukrainian ambassador says Russian platoon surrendered to Ukrainian forces". The Hill. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  7. ^ Weber, Peter (2022-02-25). "Ukraine claims 800 Russian casualties, one surrendered Russian platoon, in Day 1 of invasion". The Week. Retrieved 2022-02-25.
  8. ^ Tarash, Lidia (12 December 2023). "How the Russians occupied Chernihiv Region: names of commanders and alleged perpetrators". Media Initiative for Human Rights. Retrieved 16 June 2024.
  9. ^ "Institute for the Study of War". Institute for the Study of War. Archived from the original on 2022-03-25. Retrieved 2022-12-19.
  10. ^ Troianovski, Anton; Santora, Marc (15 May 2022). "Growing evidence of a military disaster on the Donets pierces a pro-Russian bubble". New York Times. Archived from the original on 16 May 2022. Retrieved 16 May 2022.
  11. ^ Defeat near Bilohorivka: Enemy lost almost 1,000 soldiers and 100 vehicles
  12. ^ Ukrainian Soldier Reveals How He Secretly Blew Up Russian Bridge
  13. ^ "Institute for the Study of War". Institute for the Study of War. Archived from the original on 2022-03-25. Retrieved 2022-12-19.
  14. ^ Craig Crofoot, Group of Soviet Forces Germany, Version 3.0.0, manuscript available at www.microarmormayhem.com
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