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Abner McGehee Harvey

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Abner McGehee Harvey
Born(1911-06-30)June 30, 1911
Little Rock, Arkansas
DiedMay 8, 1998(1998-05-08) (aged 86)
Johns Hopkins Hospital
EducationWashington and Lee University (AB)
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (MD)
RelativesElizabeth Treide (wife)
Medical career
ProfessionPhysician
InstitutionsJohn Hopkins Hospital
Researchneurophysiology, clinical therepeutics
AwardsGeorge M. Kober Medal

Abner McGehee Harvey (July 30, 1911 – May 8, 1998) was an American physician, researcher, educator, and historian.[1] He served as a medical officer with the U.S. Army during World War II. From 1946 until 1973, he was chair of medicine at Johns Hopkins Medical School and physician-in-chief at John Hopkins Hospital. His areas of research were neurophysiology and clinical therepeutics.[2] After stepping down, he became a historian of clinical science.[3]

Biography

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Harvey was born in Little Rock, Arkansas, the son of George S. Harvey and Jenette McGehee.[4] He matriculated to Washington and Lee University, where he was awarded a Bachelor's of Arts in 1930. Harvey studied medicine at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in Baltimore, and received his medical degree in 1934.[5]

Following graduation, he joined the staff of Johns Hopkins Hospital in 1934, first as intern then as resident.[5] In 1937 he left for England on a fellowship at the National Institute for Medical Research, spending two years working in the laboratory of Henry H. Dale.[6] He collaborated with G. Lindor Brown on studies of neuromuscular transmission. Harvey was elected to The Physiological Society at the age of 28, one of the few foreigners to be so accorded. In 1939, he joined Detlev W. Bronk at the Johnson Foundation for Biophysics at the University of Pennsylvannia. While there he continued his collaborative work on neuromuscular transmission.[5]

On July 1, 1940, Harvey returned to Johns Hopkins as chief resident of the Osler Medical Clinic.[5] In 1941 he was engaged to Elizabeth Baker Treide, a graduate of Vassar College.[7] They had met when Elizabeth was a third year medical student. The couple were married June 21, 1941, and would have a son and three daughters.[5] Two of the daughters, Jenette and Joan, would go on to practice medicine, while the other two, Elizabeth and George, were awarded Ph.D.'s.[8] The couple moved to Nashville, Tennessee where Harvey joined the faculty of Vanderbilt University's Department of Medicine as a resident.[5] While at Vanderbilt, Harvey researched both the pharmacology and physiology of myasthenia gravis, in partnership with J. L. Lilienthal, Jr.[9]

Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, in 1942 Harvey was sent to the Pacific theater as part of the U.S. war effort. He served as a Major (later Lt. Col.) with the 118th General Hospital in Australian and New Guinea.[5] His work there focused on peripheral nerve injuries.[10] While in New Guinea, he researched the relation of the drug Atabrine to atypical lichen planus. This drug was being used to treat malaria, but in some cases the patients were developing a skin condition. The work by Harvey and his colleagues was the first to demonstrate a connection between the two.[11]

Harvey returned from the Pacific in 1945, and as an Army officer was assigned to Johns Hopkins hospital where he was to investigate the effects of the organophosphate nerve agents developed by the Germans.[5] In December, at the age of 34, Harvey was named physician in chief at Johns Hopkins hospital, taking over from Warfield T. Longcope.[12] He assumed the chair of medicine at the institution on July 1, 1946.[5] At the age of 34, he was the youngest person appointed to this position, and following the announcement he appeared on the cover of Time magazine.[6]

At Johns Hopkins Hospital, Harvey was the first to develop a research-based school of medicine in the United States.[13] During the 27 years Harvey headed up the hospital, the number of research divisions were expanded from three to eighteen,[6] including the then-unconventional divisions of biomedical engineering, clinical pharmacology and medical genetics. He consulted daily with the resident physician, performed bedside rounds three times a week, and conducted the clinical pathological conference once a week.[1] During March 13-17, 1967, he was the Hugh J. Morgan visiting professor at Vanderbilt.[14] In 1969, formed Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev invited Harvey to the Soviet Union to examine his daughter, who had systemic lupus erythematosus.[3][15] Harvey stepped down from his position at John Hopkins in 1973, and was succeeded by Victor A. McKusick.[8]

Harvey spend the remainder of his life on the history of clinical science, publishing several books on the subject.[1] He had a stroke then died at Johns Hopkins Hospital on May 8, 1998.[3]

Awards and honors

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Dr. Harvey received the following accolades:[2]

The A. McGehee Harvey Research Award is granted to postdoctoral fellows at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.[19] The A. McGehee Harvey Teaching Tower is part of the Johns Hopkins campus.[20]

Bibliography

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His published works include:

References

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  1. ^ a b c d McKusick, Victor (2019), "Abner McGehee Harvey", Royal College of Physicians Museum, retrieved 2024-07-29.
  2. ^ a b Kahn, Joan Y. (2019), Modes of Medical Instruction: A Semiotic Comparison of Textbooks of Medicine and Popular Home Medical Books, Mouton Publishers, pp. 281–282, ISBN 9783110838602.
  3. ^ a b c Purdy, Michael (May 18, 1998), "A. McGehee Harvey, Hopkins Medical Luminary, Dies At 86", The Gazette Online, Jphn Hopkins University, retrieved 2024-07-30.
  4. ^ American Men of Medicine (1st ed.), Institute for research in biography Incorporated, 1945, p. 450.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j McKusick, Victor A. (March 2000), "In memoriam. Abner McGhee Harvey. 1911-1998", Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 144 (1), University of Pennsylvania Press: 85–94, JSTOR 1515607, PMID 10498434.
  6. ^ a b c "Abner McGehee Harvey, 1911-1998", Portrait Collection, Johns Hopkins, retrieved 2024-07-29.
  7. ^ "Engagement Announced", The Baltimore Sun, Baltimore, Maryland, p. 76, April 20, 1941, retrieved 2024-07-30.
  8. ^ a b Pyeritz, Reed E. (October 1, 2008), "A tribute to Victor A. McKusick", Journal of Clinical Investigation, doi:10.1172/JCI37204, retrieved 2024-07-30.
  9. ^ Harvey, A. McGehee (1982), "Alfred Blalock", Biographical Memoirs, vol. 53, National Academy of Sciences, p. 58.
  10. ^ Schmidt, Ulf (2015), Secret Science: A Century of Poison Warfare and Human Experiments, OUP Oxford, ISBN 9780191056048.
  11. ^ United States Army Medical Service; et al. (1961), The Medical Department of the United States Army in World War II, Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army, pp. 503, 549.
  12. ^ "Medicine: Harvey of the Hopkins", Time Magazine, December 24, 1945, retrieved 2024-07-29.
  13. ^ Petrikovsky, B.; et al. (November 19, 2019), "Russian Leaders and their Foreign Doctors: A Historical Review" (PDF), Lupine Online Journal of Medical Sciences, 4 (1), doi:10.32474/LOJMS.2019.04.000178, retrieved 2024-07-29.
  14. ^ Folder 14 A. McGehee Harvey, M.D., 1967, bulk: 1967 - 1967, Vanderbilt University, retrieved 2024-07-31.
  15. ^ "U.S. Physician Is Silent On Khrushchev Lunch", The New York Times, p. 22, November 23, 1970, retrieved 2024-07-29.
  16. ^ Abner McGehee Harvey, American Academy of Arts and Science, retrieved 2024-07-29.
  17. ^ Call for Nomination for the George M. Kober Medal and Lecture, Association of American Physicians, retrieved 2024-07-30.
  18. ^ List of Past Society Members (PDF), American Philosophical Society, retrieved 2024-07-31.
  19. ^ "Awards – by award", Young Investigators’ Day, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, retrieved 2024-07-30.
  20. ^ "How The Johns Hopkins Hospital Was Built", About Johns Hopkins Medicine, retrieved 2024-07-29.

Further reading

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