Bali Aga Balinese
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| Bali Aga Balinese | |
|---|---|
| Highland Balinese | |
| Bahasa Bali Aga Bahasa Bali dataran tinggi | |
| Native to | Indonesia |
| Region | Bali |
| Ethnicity | Bali Aga |
Native speakers | 63,000 Bali Agas |
Austronesian
| |
Early form | |
| Latin script Balinese script | |
| Official status | |
Recognised minority language in | |
| Regulated by |  Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog | high1274 |
 | |
The Bali Aga Balinese or (Highland Balinese) is one of dialect of the Balinese language spoken by the Bali Aga people living in mountainous areas, especially the mountains of Kintamani, Bangli, Buleleng, and Karangasem.[1]
The Bali Aga dialect together with Mainland Balinese dialect constitute the two main dialects of the Balinese language. The differences between these two dialects lie in variations in vocabulary, phonology, and language level. In the Bali Aga dialect, the linguistic level (in the sense of 'fine language' and 'coarse language') is only in the form of rough language, while the mainland dialect recognizes both fine and coarse forms.[2]
There is a sub-dialect of Bali Aga which is also known as "basa babukitan" which is spoken in Sembiran Village, which is a village located in Tejakula District, Buleleng Regency.[1]
Classification
[edit]The Bali Aga dialect is a dialect of the Balinese language which itself belongs to the Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian language family. In the Malay-Polynesian family, the Balinese language is in the Bali-Sasak-Sumbawa sub-branch. Another dialect of the Balinese language spoken in the Nusa Penida area and its surroundings, the Nusa Penida Balinese language (or also known as basa Nosa or NP dialect), is often classified as a sub-dialect of the Bali Aga dialect. This is because the NP dialect has similar linguistic characteristics to the Bali Aga dialect which:
- Distribution of /h/ phonemes at the beginning and middle of words; The suffixes /-ñə/ and /-cə/ are still found, which are allophonic morphemes of the suffix /-ə/; The intonation of the speaker's speech tends to have a fast tempo and louder stress; The vocabulary in the Nusa Penida dialect is similar to the vocabulary in the Aga dialect and its other sub-dialects. However, there is another quite striking difference between the two dialects, namely the loss or reduction in the distribution of the phoneme /a/ at the final position of words.[2]
Distribution
[edit]
The Bali Aga dialect is grouped into three main speaking areas, namely the eastern, northern and western regions which are detailed as follows:[2]
- The eastern region of Bali Island which includes:
- Karangasem Regency,
- Kintamani district in Bangli Regency (or around Lake Batur),
- Klungkung Regency,
- parts of East Buleleng
- North Badung mountainous region
- The western region of the island of Bali of Tabanan, which includes the sub-districts of Pupuan, Penebel (precisely in the village of Wongaya Gede),
- parts of the West Buleleng region (precisely in the villages of Bantiran, Sepang and Padawa). The Sembiran Village sub-dialect (also called the Agas Sembiran dialect or ASD) is included in the eastern group which is spoken by approximately 4,883 speakers who live in the village area.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Putu Evi Wahyu Citrawati; Wayan Teguh; Putu N. Widarsini; Gede Eka Wahyu (September 2019). "Morphology of the Sembiran Dialect of Bali Aga, in Tejakula District, Buleleng Regency". Linguistics. 26 (2). Udayana University. ISSN 0854-9613.
- ^ a b c Bawa, I Wayan; et al. (1983). Balinese Language in the Bali Region: A Geographical Description of Dialects (Thesis). Jakarta: UI Faculty of Letters Dissertation.
- ^ "Peta Sebaran Penduduk Menurut Suku Bangsa Provinsi Bali" (pdf). bali.bps.go.id. 15 January 2015. pp. 9, 11. Archived from the original on 2022-06-30. Retrieved 24 September 2022.