Brunei–Germany relations
 | |
 Brunei |
 Germany |
|---|---|
| Diplomatic mission | |
| Embassy | Embassy |
| Envoy | |
| Ambassador Pengiran Krtini Pengiran Tahir | Ambassador Gerda Winkler |
Brunei and Germany established diplomatic relations in 1984. Brunei has an embassy in Berlin, and Germany has an embassy in Bandar Seri Begawan.[1]
History[edit]
Relations between the two countries has been established since 1 May 1984.[1][2] In 1985, His Majesty Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah paid a first private visit to Germany and in 1998 made a state visit while an official visit was made on 2002 and 2011.[2] In other side, Chancellor Helmut Kohl paid an official visit to Brunei on 1997.[2]
Economic relations[edit]
Brunei views Germany as an important economic partner with bilateral trade increased in 2011 to approximately €346 million.[3] Germany exports to Brunei are mainly in cars, machinery, chemicals and heavy equipment.[2] There is also a ratification of an agreement on the encouragement and reciprocal protection of investment between both countries.[4]
Education relations[edit]
There is also a student exchange program between Brunei and Germany which was initiated in 2008 when a group of Bruneian students went to German universities to study.[5]
Further reading[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Brunei-Germany Relations". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Brunei). Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
- ^ a b c d "Germany and Brunei Darussalam (Bilateral relations)". German Embassy in Bandar Seri Begawan. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
- ^ "Brunei Darussalam". Federal Foreign Office (Germany). December 2013. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
- ^ "Brunei-Germany ties lauded". VIP News. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
- ^ "Ties between Brunei, Germany further strengthen". Xinhua News Agency. English People's Daily Online. 27 September 2009. Retrieved 14 February 2014.
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