Brunswick, New Zealand
Brunswick | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Coordinates: 39°50′35″S 175°01′30″E / 39.843°S 175.025°E | |
| Country | New Zealand |
| Region | Manawatū-Whanganui |
| District | Whanganui District |
| Community | Whanganui Rural Community |
| Electorates | |
| Government | |
| • Territorial Authority | Whanganui District Council |
| • Regional council | Horizons Regional Council |
Brunswick is a rural community in the Whanganui District and Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island.
It is located about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) north-west of Whanganui, and includes lifestyle blocks and livestock farming.[1]
History[edit]
The first European settlers to the area were the Campbell family, who arrived in February 1853 from the Canadian province of New Brunswick. They began farming 225 acres, which they called Brunswick farm; it later became a name for the whole area.[2]
Politician John Bryce purchased a farm in Brunswick in 1851, following a short time in the Australian goldfields.[2] He continued farming there for 50 years, including during his time as a local MP, the Minister of Native Affairs and the Leader of the Opposition.[3]
In 1865, settler and provincial councillor James Hewett was killed by Māori, prompting European settlers to build four fortifications in the area.[1]
In November 1871, Bryce personally directed the invasion of the Māori settlement of Parihaka and the arrest of the leaders of the movement, in line with his strict legal action against non-compliant Māori following the New Zealand Wars.[4]
The National Library of New Zealand holds records of horses, cattle and gardens at Brunswick in the early 20th century, most from the Motohau Station farm.[5]
In the 1930s, local dairy farms would deliver milk and cream by horse-drawn cart for local households.≈[6]
Brunswick has a war memorial for the 12 local men who died in World War I and the three locals who died in World War II.[7]
Demographics[edit]
Brunswick-Papaiti statistical area, which also includes Westmere, covers 50.83 km2 (19.63 sq mi)[8] and had an estimated population of 1,500 as of June 2023,[9] with a population density of 30 people per km2.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 2006 | 1,140 | — |
| 2013 | 1,284 | +1.71% |
| 2018 | 1,371 | +1.32% |
| Source: [10] | ||
Before the 2023 census, the statistical area had a larger boundary, covering 51.53 km2 (19.90 sq mi).[8] Using that boundary, Brunswick-Papaiti had a population of 1,371 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 87 people (6.8%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 231 people (20.3%) since the 2006 census. There were 525 households, comprising 696 males and 678 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.03 males per female. The median age was 48.0 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 267 people (19.5%) aged under 15 years, 168 (12.3%) aged 15 to 29, 699 (51.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 243 (17.7%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 95.6% European/Pākehā, 9.2% Māori, 1.3% Pacific peoples, 1.3% Asian, and 1.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 13.6, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 51.4% had no religion, 38.7% were Christian, 0.9% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.2% were Muslim, 0.4% were Buddhist and 0.4% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 222 (20.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 177 (16.0%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $35,300, compared with $31,800 nationally. 243 people (22.0%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 594 (53.8%) people were employed full-time, 201 (18.2%) were part-time, and 27 (2.4%) were unemployed.[10]
Education[edit]
Brunswick School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 students,[11][12] with a roll of 100 as of February 2024.[13] The school opened in 1873.[14] It buried a time capsule in 2020, to be opened at its 175th jubilee in 2048.[15]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Beaglehole, Diana. "Brunswick". Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Ministry for Culture and Heritage.
- ^ a b "Brunswick". nzhistory.govt.nz. Ministry for Culture and Heritage.
- ^ "John Bryce". nzhistory.govt.nz. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. 12 December 2019.
- ^ Riseborough, Hazel (1993). "Bryce, John". Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Ministry for Culture and Heritage.
- ^ "Brunswick". natlib.govt.nz. National Library of New Zealand.
- ^ Black, Rebecca. "From billies to bottles to unbreakables: milk through the decades". stuff.co.nz.
- ^ "Brunswick war memorial". nzhistory.govt.nz. Ministry for Culture and Heritage.
- ^ a b "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 20 April 2024.
- ^ "Population estimate tables - NZ.Stat". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 25 October 2023.
- ^ a b "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Brunswick-Papaiti (223500). 2018 Census place summary: Brunswick-Papaiti
- ^ "Official School Website". brunswick.school.nz.
- ^ "Ministry of Education School Profile". educationcounts.govt.nz. Ministry of Education.
- ^ "Education Review Office Report". ero.govt.nz. Education Review Office.
- ^ Ferguson, Lin (5 October 2012). "Town meets country at school". Whanganui Chronicle.
- ^ Brooks, Paul (22 June 2020). "Brunswick School buries time capsule". Whanganui Chronicle.