Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist (Charleston, South Carolina)

Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist
Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist, Charleston
Location in South Carolina Location in United States
32°46′35.4″N 79°56′4.2″W
Location	120 Broad Street Charleston, South Carolina
Country	United States
Denomination	Roman Catholic Church
Website	charlestoncathedral.com
History
Founded	1800
Architecture
Architect(s)	Patrick C. Keely Decimus C. Barbot Ruben Solar (belfry & spire)
Style	Gothic Revival
Groundbreaking	1890
Completed	1907 (Spire-2010)
Specifications
Capacity	Upper church – 720 Lower church – 200
Length	200 ft (61 m)
Width	80 ft (24 m)
Number of spires	One
Spire height	167 ft (51 m)
Materials	Connecticut tool-chiseled brownstone
Bells	Three
Administration
Diocese	Charleston
Clergy
Bishop(s)	Most Rev. Jacques E. Fabre
Rector	Very Rev. Gregory B. Wilson, VG

The Cathedral of St. John the Baptist is the mother church of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston, located in Charleston, South Carolina. Designed by Brooklyn architect Patrick Keely in the Gothic Revival style, it opened in 1907.

Bishop Jacques E. Fabre, the fourteenth bishop of Charleston, was ordained and installed here on May 13, 2022

History

Main article: Cathedral of Saint John and Saint Finbar

Cathedral interior in 1914

The first brownstone cathedral was built in 1854 and named the Cathedral of Saint John and Saint Finbar. It burned in a great fire in December 1861. The rebuilt cathedral was named for St. John the Baptist and was constructed on the foundations of the earlier structure. Architect Patrick Keely designed both the original cathedral and its replacement.

The cornerstone for the new cathedral was laid in 1890 by Cardinal James Gibbons of Baltimore, and the church opened in 1907. The cathedral seats 720 people and is noted for its Franz Mayer & Co. stained glass, hand–painted Stations of the Cross, and neo-Gothic architecture. The lower church includes a crypt where Bishop England (with his sister, Joanna) and four other Charleston bishops are buried. The spire was not built at the time due to the lack of funds during the construction of the cathedral and its numerous renovations. The church was finally completed on March 25, 2010, with the addition of the steeple and bells.

Significant to the history of the city of Charleston is that the present day cathedral also includes land to the right, which was St. Andrew's Hall. The front iron fence to the east, is all that remains of the 1815 St. Andrews Society Hall, which also burned in 1861.

Architecture

P.C. Keely designed the cathedral in the Gothic Revival style; it is constructed of Connecticut brownstone. The pews are of carved Flemish oak. The plans for the reconstruction were along the lines of the original, but D.C. Barbot made some changes too.

Chapels

Sacred Heart Chapel

This chapel is situated just to the left of the cathedra. It originally served as the Chapel of the Blessed Sacrament,

Prior to 1968, the bishop sat in front of the altar. The Blessed Sacrament was removed to this altar so that the bishop would not have his back to the reserved sacrament. In 2008, the chapel briefly became the Chapel of Saint Paul for the Year of Saint Paul. Then in 2009, it became the Sacred Heart Chapel, housing an early 1900s statue of the Sacred Heart of Jesus with hands extended in blessing.

The current chapel contains seven windows depicting symbols related to the Eucharist.

Blessed Virgin Mary Chapel

This chapel is sometimes referred to as Our Lady of the South Chapel. It was purchased during the American Civil War by Bishop Patrick Neeson Lynch, who had served as secret emissary to the Vatican for the Confederate States of America.

The altar in this chapel is adorned with an Italian marble statue of the Madonna and the baby Jesus, sculpted by the German artist Ferdinand Pettrich. The statue depicts Mary without a head covering, holding the child Jesus as a toddler, which distinguishes from similar sculptures.

The chapel is adorned with seven windows depicting symbols related to Mary, Mother of God, and one floral design window that is completely obscured by the altar.

Our Lady of Grace Chapel

This chapel is the main lower church, primarily used for overflow crowds at mass and as a gathering space after the service. It was formerly used for daily mass.

The chapel has eight stained-glass windows on one side that were removed from the former Immaculate Conception Church in Charleston. The chapel originally had 20 windows from Immaculate, but 12 windows were removed over the years.

Saint John the Baptist Crypt Chapel

This chapel is resting place of the first five bishops of Charleston, along with the remains of Joanna Monica England, sister of Bishop John England. The bishops vest in this chapel for mass.

The chapel contains one altar with a custom hand painted altarpiece depicting John the Baptist over the South Carolina landscape. He is holding a lamb with two adoring angels, one angel holding a crosier and the other angel the diocesan coat of arms. The chapel contains a niche holding a statue of St. Joseph and the child Jesus. The chapel has windows constructed from pieces of windows salvaged from the former Immaculate Conception Church.

Interior decorations

Doors

The three sets of cathedral doors are surmounted by rose windows with coat of arms in their centers;

• The main doors – Bishop Northop's coat of arms
• The east doors – the State of South Carolina coat of arms
• The west doors – Pope Pius X's coat of arms

Windows

Prodigal Son stained glass window

The cathedral is noted for its Franz Mayer & Co. stained-glass windows. It has several unique windows.

• The sides of the lower nave has a series of windows depicting the life of Christ.
• The upper name windows, known as the Gallery of the Saints, depict 28 saints.
• The windows in the clerestory in the sanctuary depict the four evangelists.
• The chancel window, located about the high altar, has several elements;
  • The top section of the chancel window is the rose window, which depicts John the Baptist baptizing Jesus with the Holy Spirit above. It is surrounded by eight angels playing instruments.
  • Located above the rose window is a sacred heart. To the left is a pelican feeding her three chicks. To the right is the Lamb of God.
• Below all of this is a five-light replica of Leonardo Da Vinci's painting, the Last Supper.

Organ

Pipe organ in the rear gallery

The upper church organ is a Bedient pipe organ, Opus 22, mechanical action instrument with two manuals, 26 stops and 32 ranks. It was originally installed in Christ Church Episcopal Cathedral in Louisville, Kentucky in 1986. The maker, Gene Bedient, reinstalled the instrument in St. John the Baptist Cathedral in 1995.

The Bedient pipe organ replaced an Opus 139 pipe organ from the Ernest M. Skinner Co., that was installed in 1903.

Renovations

In 2007, Bishop Robert J. Baker and Cathedral Rector Rev. Msgr. Joseph Roth announced plans to renovate and complete the cathedral nearly one-hundred years after it opened. The stained-glass windows were refurbished in December 2007. The brownstone has been refurbished, the mortar has been replaced and, after 103 years of waiting, a spire with three bells now tops the cathedral. A $6.2 million contract for restoration and the steeple addition was completed on March 25, 2010.

In 2019, interior renovations were begun by Conrad Schmitt Studios.

Cathedral clergy

Bishop

The Most Reverend Jacques Fabre-Jeune, CS, Bishop of Charleston

Rectors

• Reverend Monsignor Budds
• Reverend Father James J May
• Reverend Monsignor Joseph Bernarden
• Reverend Frederick J Hopwood
• Reverend Monsignor Thomas R Duffy (Administrator c. 1984–1987)
• Reverend Monsignor Charles Rowland, P.A., V.G. (?-?; 1987 - 1990)
• Reverend Monsignor Sam R. Miglarese, V.G. (1990 - 1998)
• Reverend Monsignor Chester M. Moczydlowski (1998–2001)
• Reverend Monsignor Joseph R. Roth, P.A., V.G. (2001–2008)
• Reverend Gregory B. Wilson (2008–2011)
• Reverend Monsignor Steven L. Brovey (2011–2022)
• Reverend Monsignor D. Anthony Droze, V.G. (Administrator pro tempore, 2022)
• Very Reverend Gregory Wilson, V.G. (2023-)

Cathedral without a steeple as it stood for nearly one hundred years

Associated clergy

• Reverend Father Bonaventure Di Camilo, OFM
• Reverend Father George Landry
• Reverend Father James Parker
• Reverend Father Mark Smith
• Reverend Father Gary D. Dilley
• Reverend Mr Samuel E. Hanvey (1976 - ?)
• Reverend Father Gregory H West
• Reverend Father Duane T Riplog
• Reverend Father Ernest Kennedy
• Reverend Father Eugene L. Condon
• Reverend Father John Laurence Manning

Spire and bell tower

The cathedral with its new spire is the seventh tallest building in the city. The spire is covered in copper lattice and is topped with a 16x9 foot gilded copper Celtic cross. The arches below were fabricated from a special fiberglass used in ship building, which was then clad in copper. The arches are decorated by brown cast stone pinnacles on each corner. The belfry section is also constructed of brown cast stone. It has copper louvers. The new spire was designed by Glenn Keyes Architects using a sketch of the steeple from the original 1851 building.

Bells

Cathedral interior in 2015.

The bells were placed in the cathedral tower on November 16, 2009. Together the three bronze bells form an E major chord. These bells were cast by Christoph Paccard Bell Foundries in France and blessed by Bishop Robert E. Guglielmone on October 15, 2009.

• Saint Therese
  • Note:B-3
  • Inscription: Revelation 5:12
• Saint Finbar
  • Note:G#-3
  • Inscription: Psalm 104:33
• Maria Stella Maris (Latin:Mary, Star of the Sea)
  • Note:E-3
  • Inscription: Psalm 95:1

Music

Angel with Horn stained glass window

Director of Music

• Director of music and organist (1950–1991): Virginia (Mrs. H. Tracy) Sturcken
• Director of music (1991–2000): Bill Schlitt
• Director of music and principal organist (2000–2009): Mark Thomas
• Organist and choirmaster (May 2010 – 2014): Scott Turkington
• Organist and choirmaster (2014 – January 2019): Daniel Sansone
• Director of sacred music (2019 to present): Scott Powell

Choirs

• The Cathedral Choir – principal choir

See also

• List of Catholic cathedrals in the United States
• List of cathedrals in the United States

External links

• Official Cathedral Site
• Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston Official Site
• The Cathedral of Saint John the Baptist Choirs