Chrysoritis

Chrysoritis
	C. pan subsp. lysander
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Lycaenidae
Subfamily:	Aphnaeinae
Genus:	Chrysoritis; Butler, [1897]
Synonyms
	Bowkeria Quickelberge, 1972; Nais Swainson, 1833 (non Müller, 1771; preoccupied); Oxychaeta Tite & Dickson, 1973; Poecilmitis Butler, 1899;

Chrysoritis, commonly called opals or coppers, is a genus of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae found mainly in southern Africa and particularly South Africa.^[2]

Species

Species of the genus include:^[3]

The chrysaor species group:

Chrysoritis aethon (Trimen, 1887) – Lydenburg opal
Chrysoritis aureus (van Son, 1966) – Heidelberg copper or golden opal
Chrysoritis lycegenes (Trimen, 1874) – Mooi River opal
Chrysoritis lyncurium (Trimen, 1868) – Tsomo River opal or Tsomo River copper
Chrysoritis midas (Pennington, 1962) – Midas opal
Chrysoritis natalensis (van Son, 1966) – Natal opal
Chrysoritis phosphor (Trimen, 1866) – scarce scarlet or golden flash

The chrysantas species group:

Chrysoritis chrysantas (Trimen, 1868) – Karoo daisy copper

The oreas species group:

Chrysoritis dicksoni (Gabriel, 1947) – Dickson's copper or Dickson's strandveld copper
Chrysoritis oreas (Trimen, 1891) – Drakensberg copper or Drakensberg daisy copper

The pyroeis species group:

Chrysoritis felthami (Trimen, 1904) – Feltham's opal
Chrysoritis pyroeis (Trimen, 1864) – sand-dune opal

The thysbe species group:

Chrysoritis adonis (Pennington, 1962) – Adonis opal
Chrysoritis aridus (Pennington, 1953) – Namaqua opal
Chrysoritis azurius (Swanepoel, 1975) – azure opal
Chrysoritis beaufortius (Dickson, 1966) – Beaufort's opal
Chrysoritis beulah (Quickelberge, 1966) – Beulah's opal
Chrysoritis blencathrae (Heath & Ball, 1992) – Waaihoek opal
Chrysoritis braueri (Pennington, 1967) – Brauer's opal
Chrysoritis brooksi Riley, 1938 – Brook's opal
Chrysoritis chrysaor (Trimen, 1864) – golden copper or burnished opal
Chrysoritis daphne (Dickson, 1975) – Daphne's opal
Chrysoritis endymion (Pennington, 1962) – Endymion opal
Chrysoritis irene (Pennington, 1968) – Irene's opal
Chrysoritis nigricans (Aurivillius, 1924) – dark opal
Chrysoritis orientalis (Swanepoel, 1976) – eastern opal
Chrysoritis palmus (Stoll, [1781]) – water opal
Chrysoritis pan (Pennington, 1962) – Pan opal
Chrysoritis pelion (Pennington, 1953) – Machacha opal
Chrysoritis penningtoni (Riley, 1938) – Pennington's opal
Chrysoritis perseus (Henning, 1977) – Perseus opal
Chrysoritis plutus (Pennington, 1967) – Plutus opal
Chrysoritis pyramus (Pennington, 1953) – Pyramus opal
Chrysoritis rileyi (Dickson, 1966) – Riley's opal
Chrysoritis swanepoeli (Dickson, 1965) – Swanepoel's opal
Chrysoritis thysbe (Linnaeus, 1764) – opal copper or common opal
Chrysoritis trimeni (Riley, 1938) – Trimen's opal
Chrysoritis turneri (Riley, 1938) – Turner's opal
Chrysoritis uranus (Pennington, 1962) – Uranus opal
Chrysoritis violescens (Dickson, 1971) – violet opal

The zeuxo species group:

Chrysoritis coetzeri Dickson & Wykeham, 1994 (may be included in C. zonarius)^[2]
Chrysoritis cotrelli – Cotrell's daisy copper (may be included in C. zeuxo)^[2]
Chrysoritis zeuxo (Linnaeus, 1764) – jitterbug daisy copper
Chrysoritis zonarius (Riley, 1938) – donkey daisy copper

Poecilmitis

Formerly separated in genus Poecilmitis:

Poecilmitis adonis now C. adonis
Poecilmitis aureus now C. aureus
Poecilmitis azurius now C. azurius
Poecilmitis balli now C. pyramus balli
Poecilmitis daphne now C. daphne
Poecilmitis endymion now C. endymion
Poecilmitis henningi now C. pan henningi
Poecilmitis hyperion now C. swanepoeli hyperion
Poecilmitis irene now C. irene
Poecilmitis kaplani now C. beaufortius stepheni
Poecilmitis lyncurium now C. lyncurium
Poecilmitis lyndseyae now C. thysbe bamptoni
Poecilmitis orientalis now C. orientalis
Poecilmitis pan now C. pan
Poecilmitis penningtoni now C. penningtoni
Poecilmitis pyramus now C. pyramus
Poecilmitis rileyi now C. rileyi
Poecilmitis stepheni now C. beaufortius stepheni
Poecilmitis swanepoeli now C. swanepoeli
Poecilmitis trimeni now C. trimeni
Poecilmitis wykehami now C. turneri wykehami

References

^ Genus Chrysoritis, Lepindex
^ ^a ^b ^c Woodhall, Steve (2005). Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik. ISBN 978-1-86872-724-7.
^ Chrysoritis at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

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[1] Genus Chrysoritis, Lepindex

[Woodhall-2] Woodhall, Steve (2005). Field Guide to Butterflies of South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik. ISBN 978-1-86872-724-7.

[3] Chrysoritis at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

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