Comitatus pro Libertatibus
The Freedom Committees (officially, in Latin, Comitatus pro libertatibus; in Italian Comitati per le Libertà) are a transnational association dedicated to the diffusion of the principles of liberalism and libertarianism.[1]
Story[edit]
The "Committees for Freedoms" were founded in 1997 on the initiative of the Russian writer Vladimir Bukovsky, the French historian Stéphane Courtois and the Italian writer and journalist Dario Fertilio[2][3] as a federally-based international movement to defend and spread the culture of freedoms.
In the early years, the committees worked for the organization of various conferences, for example on October, 13th 1997 in honor of Edgardo Sogno in Turin.[4]
In 2001 the General Assembly held in Florence elected Vladimir Bukovsky as President-General of the Committees.[5] Another assembly took place in Rome from March, 1st to March, 3rd 2003.[5]
Memento Gulag[edit]
The Committees for Freedoms organized every year "Memento Gulag", a day of international studies[2] on the repression and crimes of communist regimes, in particular Soviet totalitarianism. The workshop is always held on the same date, chosen for its symbolic value: November 7,[1] the day of the beginning of the October Revolution according to the Gregorian calendar.[6]
Starting in 2003 the international workshop was held in various European towns:
- 2004: in Bucharest (in cooperation with the Memorial of the Victims of Communism and of the Resistance);[10][11]
- 2005: in Berlin[2][12] (in cooperation with the Istituto Italiano di Cultura of Berlin, the Gedenkstätte Berlin-Hohenschönhausen and the Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung);[12]
- 2006: in La Roche-sur-Yon (Vendée) (dedicated to the victims of the 1956 Hungarian counter-revolution);[13]
- 2007: in Paris;[6][14]
- 2008 in Milan;
- 2009 in Trieste;[15]
- 2010 in Bologna;
The workshop showed the presence of the President of the Italian Senate Marcello Pera[16] (on two occasion) and the President of the German (Bundestag) Norbert Lammert,[17] of the former E.U. Commissioner and former Foreign Minister of Latvia Sandra Kalniete and of the President of Moldova Mihai Ghimpu.[18]
In 2017 Dario Fertilio complained the limited interest to the event in recent years.[19] In 2019, right after the death of Bukovskij, the themes of the workshop were reprised again on a conference on November 7 at the Senato della Repubblica organized under the patronage of Italian center-right MPs.[20]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Boobbyer, Philip (July 2009). "The Slavonic and East European Review". 87 (3): 484. JSTOR 40650408.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ a b c Hedeler, Wladislaw (2008). "Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas" (in German). 56. F. Steiner Verlag: 271.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help) - ^ Dario Fertilio (2006). Teste a pera e teste a mela. Una favola su Destra e Sinistra. Rubbettino Editore. ISBN 978-88-498-0092-0.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ . Vol. 4. Luni editrice. 2000.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help); Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ a b Alberghini, Marina (2009). Louis-Ferdinand Céline, gatto randagio. Mursia. ISBN 9788842536581.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - ^ a b "Una giornata della memoria per le vittime dei Gulag". Corriere della Sera. 2 March 2003. Archived from the original on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
- ^ Nucci, Alessandra (6 March 2003). "Bukovski: togliete falce e martello dalle t-shirt". Tempi.it. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
- ^ Italia contemporanea. Vol. 234–237. Istituto nazionale per la storia del movimento di liberazione in Italia. 2004. p. 257. ISBN 9788843032334. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
- ^ Chronicles, Volume 28. Vol. 28. Rockford Institute. 2004. Retrieved 25 June 2013.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ Anuarul Institutului de Istorie "A.D. Xenopol.", Volume 42 (in Romanian). Vol. 42. Editura Academiei Române. 2005. p. 817. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ "Memento Gulag" (in English, Russian, French, and German). Memorialul Victimelor Comunismului şi al Rezistenţei. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
- ^ a b Marcello Pera (2006). La martinella: 2005-2006. Rubbettino. ISBN 978-88-498-1517-7.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help)(consultabile anche online Archived 3 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine) - ^ Gulag. Che cosa resta di quella tragedia (PDF). La Repubblica. 10 November 2006. p. 57.
{{cite book}}:|work=ignored (help) - ^ "Memento Gulag 2009 a Trieste". 6 November 2009. Archived from the original on 11 January 2013. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
- ^ Dario Fertilio (6 November 2009). "Memento Gulag 2009 a Trieste". L'Italiano. Archived from the original on 11 January 2013. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
- ^ "Senato. Pera: favorevole all'istituzione di una giornata per la memoria delle vittime del comunismo". RaiNews24. 8 November 2003. Retrieved 1 December 2012.
- ^ "Memento Gulag. Memento oggi". Senato.it. 8 November 2005. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 26 November 2012.
- ^ "Intervento dell' ex-presidente della Moldavia Mihai Ghimpu in occasione del Memento Gulag 2010". Archived from the original on 1 October 2013.
- ^ Fertilio, Dario (6 November 2017). "La Rivoluzione si celebra, per i gulag soltanto l'oblio". Il Giornale (in Italian). Retrieved 18 January 2022.
- ^ "Presentazione dell'appello per una Norimberga del comunismo" (in Italian). Radio Radicale. 9 November 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2022.
Bibliography[edit]
- Vladimir Bukovsky (2006). Memento Gulag: zum Gedenken an die Opfer totalitärer Regime (in German). Duncker & Humblot. ISBN 978-3-428-12275-2.
- Centre de recherches Hannah Arendt (2007). Mémento goulag: mémoire et jugement du communisme - Actes de la journée d'études, La Roche-sur-Yon le 7 novembre 2006 (in French). Paris: Cujas. ISBN 978-2-254-07605-5.
- Dario Fertilio (2004). La Morte rossa: storie di italiani vittime del comunismo. Marsilio. ISBN 978-88-317-8498-6.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|agency=ignored (help) - Vittorio Strada (7 November 2003). "Vittime dei gulag, è il tempo della memoria". Corriere della Sera. p. 37. Archived from the original on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
- Anne Applebaum (10 November 2006). "Gulag. Che cosa resta di quella tragedia" (PDF). Il Diario di Repubblica. La Repubblica. p. 56. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
- Jurij Samodurov (10 November 2006). "Nelle scuole in Russia dove la memoria tace" (PDF). Il Diario di Repubblica. La Repubblica. p. 56. Retrieved 30 November 2012.
See also[edit]
- Gulag
- Stalinism
- Vladimir Konstantinovič Bukovskij
- Stéphane Courtois
- Council of Europe resolution 1481
External links[edit]
- "Memento Gulag. Memento oggi". Senato.it. 8 November 2005. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 26 November 2012.
- Romano, Sergio (6 November 2005). "Memento Gulag, se torna il passato rimosso" (in Italian). Corriere della Sera. Archived from the original on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2012.
- Dario Fertilio (7 November 2005). "Pera e il presidente del Bundestag: è stata la tragedia dei totalitarismi" (in Italian). Corriere della Sera. Archived from the original on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 26 November 2012.
Official speeches[edit]
- 2003 Marcello Pera, Il gulag e la logica totalitaria, Roma, Memento Gulag 2003
- 2005 Marcello Pera, Memento Gulag. Memento oggi., Berlino, Memento Gulag 2005
- Ghimpu, Mihai (2010). "Speech by former president of Moldova at Memento Gulag 2010". Archived from the original on 2013-10-01.