Conus generalis
Conus generalis | |
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Apertural and abapertural views of shell of Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767 | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Gastropoda |
Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
Order: | Neogastropoda |
Superfamily: | Conoidea |
Family: | Conidae |
Genus: | Conus |
Species: | C. generalis
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Binomial name | |
Conus generalis | |
Synonyms[3] | |
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![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Conus_generalis_2.jpg/220px-Conus_generalis_2.jpg)
Conus generalis, common name the general cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Conidae, the cone snails and their allies.[3]
These snails are predatory and venomous. They are capable of "stinging" humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.
Description
[edit]The size of an adult shell varies between 45 mm and 105 mm. The thick, broad spire is rather plane, with a characteristic, small, acuminate, raised apex. The color of the shell is orange-brown to chocolate, irregularly white-banded at the shoulder, in the middle, and at the base. These two or three bands are overlaid with zigzag or irregular chocolate-colored markings. The aperture is white.[4]
Distribution
[edit]This species occurs in various shallow substrates in the Red Sea, in the Indian Ocean off Madagascar, Mauritius and Tanzania; in the Indo-West Pacific off Indonesia and the Philippines and from Northwest Australia to French Polynesia and the Ryukyu Islands; in the Central Indian Ocean along the Maldives.
Synonyms
[edit]- Conus generalis maldivus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792: synonym of Conus maldivus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792
- Conus generalis monteiroi Barros e Cunha, 1933: synonym of Conus maldivus Hwass in Bruguière, 1792
- Conus generalis var. pallida Dautzenberg, 1937: synonym of Conus generalis Linnaeus, 1767
- Conus generalis var. regenfussi Dautzenberg, 1937: synonym of Conus generalis Linnaeus, 1767
- Conus generalis var. subunicolor Dautzenberg, 1937: synonym of Conus generalis Linnaeus, 1767
References
[edit]- ^ Kohn, A. (2013). "Conus generalis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T192460A2098758. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T192460A2098758.en. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
- ^ Linnaeus, C., 1767. Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, 12th ed., 1, pt. 2
- ^ a b Conus generalis Linnaeus, 1767. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 24 July 2011.
- ^ George Washington Tryon, Manual of Conchology vol. VI, p. 34
- Linnaeus, C. (1767). Systema naturae sive regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. 12th ed. v. 1 (pt 2): 533–1327
- Röding, P.F. 1798. Museum Boltenianum sive Catalogus cimeliorum e tribus regnis naturae quae olim collegerat Joa. Hamburg : Trappii 199 pp.
- Reeve, L.A. 1849. Monograph of the genus Conus. pls 4–9 in Reeve, L.A. (ed). Conchologia Iconica. London : L. Reeve & Co. Vol. 1.
- Oostingh, C.H. 1925. Report on a collection of recent shells from Obi and Halmahera, Molluccas. Mededeelingen van de Landbouwhoogeschool te Wageningen 29(1): 1–362
- Dautzenberg, Ph. (1929). Mollusques testacés marins de Madagascar. Faune des Colonies Francaises, Tome III
- Dautzenberg, P. 1937. Gastéropodes marins. 3-Famille Conidae'; Résultats Scientifiques du Voyage aux Indes Orientales Néerlandaises de LL. AA. RR. Le Prince et la Princesse de Belgique. Mémoires du Musée Royal d'Histoire Naturelle de Belgique 2(18): 284 pp, 3 pls
- Allan, J.K. 1950. Australian Shells: with related animals living in the sea, in freshwater and on the land. Melbourne : Georgian House xix, 470 pp., 45 pls, 112 text figs.
- Gillett, K. & McNeill, F. 1959. The Great Barrier Reef and Adjacent Isles: a comprehensive survey for visitor, naturalist and photographer. Sydney : Coral Press 209 pp.
- Rippingale, O.H. & McMichael, D.F. 1961. Queensland and Great Barrier Reef Shells. Brisbane : Jacaranda Press 210 pp.
- Wilson, B.R. & Gillett, K. 1971. Australian Shells: illustrating and describing 600 species of marine gastropods found in Australian waters. Sydney : Reed Books 168 pp.
- Hinton, A. 1972. Shells of New Guinea and the Central Indo-Pacific. Milton : Jacaranda Press xviii 94 pp.
- Cernohorsky, W.O. 1978. Tropical Pacific Marine Shells. Sydney : Pacific Publications 352 pp., 68 pls.
- Cernohorsky, W. O. (1979). "The Taxonomy of Some Indo-Pacific Mollusca: Part 7". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 16: 171–187. ISSN 0067-0464. JSTOR 42906280. Wikidata Q58677115.
- Motta, A.J. da 1982. Seventeen new cone shell names (Gastropoda: Conidae). Publicaçoes Ocasionais da Sociedade Portuguesa de Malacologia 1: 1–26
- Wilson, B. 1994. Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods. Kallaroo, WA : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 2 370 pp.
- Röckel, D., Korn, W. & Kohn, A.J. 1995. Manual of the Living Conidae. Volume 1: Indo-Pacific Region. Wiesbaden : Hemmen 517 pp.
- Filmer, Richard M. (2001). A Catalogue of Nomenclature and Taxonomy in the Living Conidae 1758-1998. Backhuys Publishers. ISBN 978-90-5782-077-9.
- Tucker J.K. (2009). Recent cone species database. September 4, 2009 Edition
- Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails. Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23
External links
[edit]- The Conus Biodiversity website
- "Strategoconus generalis". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
- Cone Shells – Knights of the Sea
Gallery
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
Below are several color forms:
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Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767
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Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767
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Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767
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Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767
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Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767
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Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767
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Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767
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Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767
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Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767
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Conus generalis Linnaeus, C., 1767