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Ctenus

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Ctenus
Ctenus medius
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Ctenidae
Genus: Ctenus
Walckenaer, 1805[1]
Type species
C. dubius
Walckenaer, 1805
Species

157, see text

Synonyms[1]

Ctenus is a genus of wandering spiders first described by Charles Athanase Walckenaer in 1805.[2] It is widely distributed, from South America through Africa to East Asia.[1] Little is known about the toxic potential of the genus Ctenus; however, Ctenus medius has been shown to share some toxic properties with Phoneutria nigriventer, such as proteolytic, hyaluronidase and phospholipase activities, in addition to producing hyperalgesia and edema. The venom of C. medius also interferes with the complement system in concentrations in which the venom of P. nigriventer is inactive, indicating that some species in the genus may have a medically significant venom.[3] The venom of C. medius interferes with the complement component 3 (C3) of the complement system; it affects the central factor of the cascades of the complement, and interferes with the lytic activity of this system, which causes stronger activation and consumption of the complement components. Unlike C. medius, the venom of P. nigriventer does not interfere with lytic activity.[3]

Species

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As of August 2022 it contains 157 species:[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "Gen. Ctenus Walckenaer, 1805". World Spider Catalog Version 23.5. Natural History Museum Bern. 2022. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
  2. ^ Walckenaer, C. A. (1805). Tableau des aranéides ou caractères essentiels des tribus, genres, familles et races que renferme le genre Aranea de Linné, avec la désignation des espèces comprises dans chacune de ces divisions. Paris: Dentu. OCLC 602364691.
  3. ^ a b Okamoto, Cinthya Kimori; Gonçalves-De-Andrade, Rute M.; Queiroz, Giselle Pidde; Gutierez, Vanessa P.; De Almeida, Daniel Manzoni; Cury, Yara; Bertani, Rogério; Portaro, Fernanda C. V.; Tambourgi, Denise V. (January 2009). "Ctenus medius and Phoneutria nigriventer spiders venoms share noxious proinflammatory activities". Journal of Medical Entomology. 46 (1): 58–66. doi:10.1603/033.046.0108. ISSN 0022-2585. PMID 19198518.