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Cytoglobin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
CYGB
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesCYGB, HGB, STAP, cytoglobin
External IDsOMIM: 608759; MGI: 2149481; HomoloGene: 12706; GeneCards: CYGB; OMA:CYGB - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_134268

NM_030206

RefSeq (protein)

NP_599030

NP_084482

Location (UCSC)Chr 17: 76.53 – 76.55 MbChr 11: 116.54 – 116.55 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Cytoglobin is the protein product of CYGB, a human and mammalian gene.[5]

Cytoglobin is a globin molecule ubiquitously expressed in all tissues and most notably utilized in marine mammals. It was discovered in 2001[6] and named cytoglobin in 2002.[7] It is thought to protect against hypoxia. The predicted function of cytoglobin is the transfer of oxygen from arterial blood to the brain.[8]

Function

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Cytoglobin is a ubiquitously expressed hexacoordinate hemoglobin that may facilitate diffusion of oxygen through tissues, scavenge nitric oxide or reactive oxygen species, or serve a protective function during oxidative stress.[5][9]

Applications

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CYGB expression can be used as a specific marker with which hepatic stellate cells can be distinguished from portal myofibroblasts in the damaged human liver.[10]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000161544Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000020810Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: CYGB cytoglobin".
  6. ^ Kawada N, Kristensen DB, Asahina K, Nakatani K, Minamiyama Y, Seki S, Yoshizato K (Jul 2001). "Characterization of a stellate cell activation-associated protein (STAP) with peroxidase activity found in rat hepatic stellate cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (27): 25318–23. doi:10.1074/jbc.M102630200. PMID 11320098.
  7. ^ Burmester T, Ebner B, Weich B, Hankeln T (Apr 2002). "Cytoglobin: a novel globin type ubiquitously expressed in vertebrate tissues". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 19 (4): 416–21. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a004096. PMID 11919282.
  8. ^ "Why Diving Marine Mammals Resist Brain Damage from Low Oxygen". ScienceDaily. 20 December 2007.
  9. ^ Trent JT, Hargrove MS (May 2002). "A ubiquitously expressed human hexacoordinate hemoglobin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 277 (22): 19538–45. doi:10.1074/jbc.M201934200. PMID 11893755.
  10. ^ Motoyama H, Komiya T, Thuy le TT, Tamori A, Enomoto M, Morikawa H, Iwai S, Uchida-Kobayashi S, Fujii H, Hagihara A, Kawamura E, Murakami Y, Yoshizato K, Kawada N (Feb 2014). "Cytoglobin is expressed in hepatic stellate cells, but not in myofibroblasts, in normal and fibrotic human liver". Laboratory Investigation. 94 (2): 192–207. doi:10.1038/labinvest.2013.135. PMID 24296877.

Further reading

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