Draft:Baron of the Bachuil
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| Barony of the Bachuil | |
|---|---|
  Arms of Livingstones. Barons of The Bachuil Quarterly, First Or, a lion rampant Gules, Second and Third Argent, a dexter hand couped at the wrist Gules, holding a cross crosslet fitchée Azure, Fourth Or, in chief a salmon naiant Proper, in base three bars wavy Azure | |
| Creation date | 9th century |
| Creation | Baronage of Scotland |
| Present holder | By The Grace of God, Niall Livingstone of Bachuil, Baron of the Bachuil[1] |
| Seat(s) | Bachuil House |
Baron of the Bachuil, in the Isle of Lismore, is a title of nobility in the Baronage of Scotland. It is considered to be one of the oldest extant titles in the realm.
Barons "by the Grace of God"
[edit]In 1556, the Scots Parliament took care to remind the Crown and people that the title of King of Scots signified that the sovereign was fundamentally and by common law a personal high king, not territorially the king of Scotland. The class of barons had origins partly in the allodial system of territorial tribalism where the patriarch held his land directly under God, and partly in the later feudal system - which itself was a developed form of tribalism in Western Europe - where land was held from and subject to the king within an organised parental kingdom.[2]
The title of "baron" was superior to that of a feudal knight. Generally, a baron held his baronial lands feudally through grant from a higher lord or king. However, there were instances of barons who held their lands "by the Grace of God" - these noble barons held their lands allodially, meaning through ancestral family occupation of the lands rather than by any grant or as vassals to any sovereign lord. Their lands were held freely and not feudally in relation to any overlord.[2]
There is an instance when the 10th Duke of Argyll addressed Livingstone of Lismore, the then Baron of the Bachuil, as "my Lord".[3] This was not because the Duke considered the Baron to outrank him, but rather because as the Baron of the Bachuil, Livingstone held the oldest title in the realm as a baron of the ancient kingdom of Dál Riata.[4] In a 1951 ruling, the Lord Lyon found that the Coarbs of St Moluag had existed for centuries without acknowledging any secular authority or hierarchical structure. In his view, during the Middle Ages the lands of Bachuil had no feudal overlord, and the original Baron of the Bachuil was, at first, similar to some old French barons who were essentially "barons by the Grace of God", without obligation to a higher feudal authority.[5]
Baron of the Bachuil's heraldry often featured the representation of animal fur, such as squirrel fur, which was known as "vair". Vair was depicted heraldically as a pattern of blue and white shades, resembling the natural coloring of squirrel fur. This fur was associated with allodial lords or barons who held their lands "by the Grace of God".[6] As such, the chapeau being furred with vair was used to indicate that the Barons of the Bachuil held their title and lands by divine right, or "by the Grace of God".
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "The Chief of Clan Livingstone". 2008-08-28. Archived from the original on 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2024-08-22.
- ^ a b Innes of Learney, Thomas (1945-10-27). The Robes of the Feudal Baronage of Scotland (Vol. 79 ed.). Society of Scottish Antiquaries.
- ^ Scott, Rev. Archibald. Saint Maolrubha. Scottish Historical Review.
- ^ Livingstone, Edwin. The Livingstones of Callender. Edinburgh University Press. p. 417.
- ^ Scots Law Times. 1951-12-29.
- ^ Innes of Learney, Thomas. The Robes of the Feudal Baronage. p. 133.