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Draft:List of Jewish terms & concepts (universal)

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This is a list of Jewish terms & concepts as it pertains to most Jewish denominations. For a list of terms specific to Orthodox Judaism, see: List of Jewish terms & concepts (Orthodox).

List

[edit]
Term BH transliteration

approximation

Description Hebrew script
achdut/achdus aḥduth/aḥḓuth/aḥḓuṱ unity אַחְדוּת
Adonai/Adonay Ăḓonây/Ăḓonâi/Ăḓonâj My Lord (meaning: God) אֲדֹנָי\אֲדוֹנָי
Afikoman/afikoman Aphiqōmân/Ăphiqōmân/Ăphiqimon piece of matzah  that is broken and set aside during the seder  meal, often to be hidden by children and then found later in the evening as part of a traditional game אַפִיקוֹמָן\אֲפִיקוֹמָן\אֲפִיקִימוֹן
agunah
Ahavas/Ahavat Yisrael Áhăḇath/Aháḇath Yiśrâʾēl (lit. love of Israel) love of Jews אַהֲבַת יִשְׂרָאֵל
Akedah/Akeidah ʿĂqēdâh | ʿĂqēḓâh "the 'Akedah'" (lit. 'the binding') is a pivotal event described in the Torah where the patriarch Isaac is bound to an altar on Mount Moriah (by his father Abraham), and almost sacrificed (to God) עֲקֵידָה
Akeret Habayit/akeres habayis
Al Chet/Al-Chet/Al Cheit
Aleph-beth/Aleph-beis Âleph-bēth/Âleph-bēṱ the Hebrew alphabet אָלֶף־בֵּית
aliyah (pl. aliyot/s) ʿăliẏâh the honor of being called up to recite a blessing over the Torah scroll before a portion of the Torah is read aloud in the synagogue עֲלִיָּה
aliyah² ʿăliẏâh (lit. ascension) term used to describe the act of Jews "going up" to Israel (meaning: emigrating to Israel as part of their birthright) עֲלִיָּה
alman ("alm'n") (pl. almanim) almân widower אַלְמָן\אַלְמָנִים
almanah (pl. almanot/almanos) almânâh widow אַלְמָנָה\אַלְמָנוֹת
alot hashahar/alos hashachar ʿăloth haṧâḥar/haṧaḥar (lit.) rising of the dawn עֲלוֹת הַשָּׁחַר\עֲלֹות הַשַּׁחַר
Am Yisrael ʿAm Yiśrâʾēl lit. nation/people of Israel (meaning: the Jewish people) עַם יִשְׂרָאֵל
Amen Âmēn 'Amen.'; let it be so אָמֵן
Amidah ʿĂmidâh | ʿĂmiḓâh central prayer recited standing up in Jewish daily services; synonym: Shmonei Esreh עֲמִידָה
amud ("aw-m'd") ʿaṁuḓ | ʿaṁud prayer stand (or lectern) from which the 'baal tefillah' (prayer leader) leads the congregation in prayer עַמּוּד
Ananei Hakavod
anavah/anava ("anaveh") ʿănâw̠âh | ʿanw̠etânuth|ʿanw̠ethânuth|ʿanw̠eṱânuth humility עֲנָוָה\עַנְוְתָנוּת
ani (pl. aniim/aniyim/aniïm) 1. I  2. (a.s.s. 'oni') poor person
apikorus/apikores (yesh: "apikoires") (pl. apikorsim) epiqoros/epiqōrus/epiqōres blasphemer, apostate \(modern) אַפִּיקוֹרוּס‎​אֶפִּיקוֹרוֹס\אֶפִּיקוֹרוּס\אֶפִּיקוֹרֶס
aravot/aravos ʿărâḇōth | ʿărēḇōth | ʿărâḇōṱ willow branches; 1 of the Arba'ah Minim עֲרָבוֹת
arayos ʿărâyōth | ʿărâyōṱ prohibited sexual relationships within Jewish law, including incest, adultery, and forbidden unions עֲרָיוֹת
Arba'ah Minim (o.p.a. "arba minim") Arbâʾâh minim/​Arbaʾath haṁinim the four (plant) species (lulav, etrog, hadassim, aravot) used together in Sukkot rituals symbolizing unity and diversity in Jewish tradition אַרְבָּעָה מִינִים\אַרְבַּעַת הַמִּינִים
arbah kanfot/arbah kanfos ha'aretz arbaʿh kanphoth hâʾâreṣ lit.: '(the) four corners of the earth' ● 'me'arbah kanfos ha'aretz': from all around the world אַרְבַּע כַּנְפוֹת הָאָרֶץ
arevut/s | areivus/t ʿărēḇuth | ʿărēḇuṱ 1. togetherness, feeling of solidarity; being united in purpose and responsibility; compare: arvus  2. the act of co-signing or guaranteeing a loan, or providing a pledge or surety for someone else; guarantorship עֲרֵבוּת
aron (pl. aronim) âron 1. (Aron) Aron Hakodesh  2. ark, chest אָרוֹן
Aron HaKodesh/Aron Kodesh/Aron Qodesh Ăron HaQōḓesh / (Âron/)Ăron Qōdesh ark/cabinet in a synagogue that houses the Torah scrolls; synonym: 'Hekhal' אֲרוֹן הַקֹּדֶשׁ\אֲרוֹן קֹּדֶשׁ (אָרוֹן קֹּדֶשׁ?)
arvit/arvis ʿarḇith | ʿarḇiṱ evening prayers; synonym: ma'ariv עַרְבִית
Asarah b'Teves/Beteves ʿĂśârâh Beṭēḇēth 10ᵗʰ of Teves; fast day commemorating the siege of Jerusalem by the Babylonian king Nebuchadnezzar II, which ultimately led to the destruction of the First Temple עֲשָׂרָה בְּטֵבֵת
Aseres/Aseret Yemei Teshuvah ʿĂśereth Yemē Ṱeshuḇâh/​ʿĂśereth Yemē Teshuḇâh (lit. 'Ten days of repentance') ten days between Rosh Hashanah (the Jewish new year) and Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement), which are considered a time for reflection, repentance, and seeking forgiveness from God עֲשֶׂרֶת יְמֵי תְּשׁוּבָה
Aseret Hadibrot/Aseres Hadibros ʿĂśereth Haḋibroth/Haḋibroṱ the Ten Commandments עֲשֶׂרֶת הַדִּבְּרוֹת
Ashkenazi (pl. Ashkenazim) Ashkenaẓ̇i (noun) Jewish person belonging to the Jewish ethnic and/or cultural group originating in Central and Eastern Europe; also see Ashkenaz אַשְׁכְּנַזִּי
Ashkenazi² (also spelled: ashkenazi) Ashkenaẓ̇i (adj.) related to Ashkenazic Jews or Ashkenazi culture אַשְׁכְּנַזִּי
asiyah/asiya/assiah ʿăśiyâh (lit. (the) act, (the) doing/making) 1. the act of doing something, generally with religious implications  2. (Asiyah) in Jewish mysticism, particularly in Kabbalah: one of the four worlds or realms of existence עֲשִׂיָּה
asur/assur âssur/âsur forbidden, prohibited אָסוּר
Atzeret/Atseres ʿĂṣereth | ʿĂṣereṱ (lit. assembly, gathering or pause) generally speaking, "Atzeret" refers to the eighth day of Sukkoth; it can also refer to the holiday of Shavuoth עֲצֶרֶת
Atzilut/atzilus ʿĂṣiluth | ʿĂṣiluṱ 1. (lit. closeness, communion or nobleness) emanation  2. (Kabbalah) (Atzilus) Olam Haʾatziluth ('World of Emanation'): the highest of the four spiritual worlds/realms of existence אֲצִילוּת
atzmut/atzmus ʿaṣmuth | ʿaṣmuṱ someone or something's essence עַצְמוּת
Av haRachamim Aḇ hâRăḥamim Father of Mercy/Compassion (meaning God) אָב הָרַחֲמִים
averah/aveirah (pl. averot/aveiros) ʿăḇērâh (a) sin עֲבֵרָה
avelut/s | aveilus/t ăḇēluth/ăḇēluṱ period of mourning observed by Jews following the death of a close relative אֲבֵלוּת
Avnet Aḇnēṭ Priestly sash or girdle; one of the 4 Bigdei Kehuna  that the Aaronite Priests wore during Temple services אַבְנֵט
Avodah Zarah ʿĂḇodâh | ʿĂḇoḓâh Ẓârâh idol worship עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה
Avodas/Avodat Hashem ʿĂḇodath Haṧēm servitude to God עֲבוֹדַת ה׳ (הַשֵּׁם)
Avot/Avos Âḇoth/Âḇoṱ (lit. fathers) 1. The Patriarchs  2. Pirkei Avos  (Tractate of the Mishnah, a.k.a. 'Ethics of the Fathers') אָבוֹת
Ayin Hora ("aynehora") ʿAyin hârấʿ/hâráʿ (the) Evil eye עַיִן הָרָע\עַיִן הָרַע
Azazel ʿĂẓâʾẓēl 1. sacrificial goat, symbolically carrying the sins of the people, which was thrown of a cliff on Yom Kippur (origin of the word 'scapegoat')  2. name of a fallen angel in the Book of Enoch עֲזָאזֵל
b'al peh bʿal peh (lit. 'by mouth') by heart בְּעַל פֶּה
b'di'eved/bedi'eved bediʿăḇaḓ/beḓiʿăḇaḓ/b'ḏiʿăḇaḓ situation where an action was not performed ideally or according to the preferred or optimal method, but is nonetheless acceptable or valid after the fact; compare: lekhatkhila בְּדִיעֲבַד
b'Ezras/b'Ezrat Hashem beʿeẓrath Haṧēm with the help of God ("‎הַשֵּׁם") בְּעֶזְרַת ה׳
b'heseivah behesēḇâh (on Passover) in a reclining position בְּהֶסֵבָה
b'kitzur/bekitzur beqiṣur/b'qiṣur in short בְּקִיצוּר
b'li/beli ayin hora ("beli ayn'hora") beli ʿayin hârấʿ/hâráʿ without the Evil Eye בְּלִי עַיִן הָרָע\הָרַע
b'li neder/nedder ("bli neyder") b'li nedder/neḏer/neḓer without a vow (i.e. without promising) בְּלִי נֶדֶר
B'nei Anusim lit.: "Children of the forced ones"; Jews or descendents of Jews who were forcibly converted to Christianity during the Spanish inquisition; also known as "Crypto-Jews" or "Marranos" בְּנֵי אֲנוּסִים
b'nei/bnei/benei b'nē/benē 1. (lit.) sons of  2. people of בְּנֵי
b'shem/b'sheim beshēm in the name (of) בְּשֵׁם
b'shem Hashem beshēm Haṧēm in the name of God בְּשֵׁם ה׳ (בְּשֵׁם הַשֵּם)
ba'al/baal (pl. ba'alim) lit. 'master'; 1. owner or person in charge  2. husband  3. (in conjuctions) baal *: having ownership, mastery, the appointment over sth, or having sth as an occupation בַּעַל \ בְּעָלִים
ba'alat/baalas (f) lit. 'mistress of'; (in conjuctions) ba'alat *: having ownership, mastery, the appointment over sth, or having sth as an occupation בַּעֲלַת \ בַּעֲלוֹת
ba'al habayit/baal habayis lit. (male) 'master of the house'; owner of the house בַּעַל־הַבַּיִת
ba'alat habayit/baalas habayis lit. (female) 'master of the house'; owner of the house בַּעֲלַת הַבַּיִת
Ba'al Kore | ba'al/baal koreh baʿal qōrē (ba'al qeriʾâh) person tasked with reading the Torah portion aloud during synagogue services, typically on Shabbat  and holidays (בַּעַל קְרִיאָה :original) בַּעַל קוֹרֵא
baal ga'avah/gaavah ("gaaveh", "gaiveh") baʿal ġaʾăw̠âh haughty person בַּעַל גַּאֲוָה
baal mofes/moifes baʿal mōphēth miracle worker בַּעַל מוֹפֵת
Baal Simchah Baʿal śimḥâh
Baal Tefillah Baʿal Tephillâh/Tefillâh person leading the prayer during communal prayer services בַּעַל תְּפִלָּה
Baal Teshuvah Baʿal Teshuḇâh/Ṱeshuḇâh person that was previously less observant that has since embraced religious observance and returned to a more traditional or observant lifestyle בַּעַל תְּשׁוּבָה
Ba'alat/Baalas Teshuvah Baʿalath Teshuḇâh/Ṱeshuḇâh woman that was previously less observant that has since embraced religious observance and returned to a more traditional or observant lifestyle בַּעֲלַת תְּשׁוּבָה
Baal tokeya (pl. Baalei tokeya)
bachor/bechor/bakhor/bekhor bekhor firstborn; eldest בְּכוֹר
bachur/bochur/baḥur (pl. bachurim) bâḥur 1. young man (approx. 14 y. and older)  2. bachelor (male) בָּחוּר
Bal Tashḥit/Bal Tashchis Bal Tashḥith/Tashḥiṱ Hebrew phrase meaning: "do not destroy" or "do not waste"; principle found in the Torah promoting conservation and avoiding needless destruction בַּל תַּשְׁחִית
balaboosta/balabusta (yiddish) homemaker; woman that runs a household with efficiency and skill בּאַלעַבּאָסטעֶ
balagan
Bamidbar Book of Numbers
Bar Mitzvah bar miṣw̠âh coming-of-age ceremony and the status attained by a Jewish boy at the age of 13 בַּר מִצְוָה
Barukh Dayan (Ha)Emet/Baruch Dayan (Ha)Emes Bârukh Ḋaẏân hâʾEmeth Bârukh Ḍ̇aẏan hâʾEmeth/​Emeṱ "Blessed is the Judge of Truth."; expression typically said upon hearing news of someone's passing (as a gesture of condolence) בָּרוּךְ דַּיָּן הָאֱמֶת\בָּרוּךְ דַּיַּן הָאֱמֶת
Barukh/Baruch Hashem Bârukh Haṧēm Blessed is The Name (meaning: God). בָּרוּךְ ה׳ (הַשֵּׁם)
Bas/Bat Mitzvah Bath miṣw̠âh coming of age ceremony for Jewish girls when turning 12 בַּת מִצְוָה
basar b'chalav/b'halav
bechirah/behirah beḥirâh free will בְּחִירָה
Bedek Habayit/Bedek Habayis Bedeq/Beḏeq Habâyith/​Beḓeq Habâyiṱ 1. (biblical) everything related to the upkeep of the Mishkan  or the Temple  2. everything related to the upkeep of a synagogue בֶּדֶק הַבָּיִת
bederech/b'derekh/b'derech klal b'ḓerekh klâl (lit. in the way of rule) in general בְּדֶרֶךְ כְּלָל
Bedikas/Bedikat Chametz Beḏiqath/Beḓiqath Ḥâmēṣ lit.: inspection of chametz (meaning: checking/searching for chametz) בְּדִיקַת חָמֵץ
behemah/beheimah (pl. behemot/s) behēmâh 1. livestock animal  2. (humorous or derogatory) idiot בְּהֵמָה
bein adam l'chavero/havero/chaveiro bēn âḓâm l'ḥăḇēro between man and his fellow בֵּין אָדָם לְחֲבֵרוֹ
bein adam l'Makom bēn âdâm l'Mâqom/​bēn âḓâm leMâqom (lit. between man and the place) between man and The Omnipresent (meaning: God) בֵּין אָדָם לְמָקוֹם
Beth/Beis Din (pl. batei din) Bēth Ḋin (lit. 'house of law/justice') Jewish (religious) court בֵּית דִּין
Beth/Beis Hamidrash (pl. batei (ha)midrash) Bēth Haṁiḏrâsh (Haṁiḓrâsh) synanogue established with a focus on facilitating Torah study בֵּית הַמִּדְרָשׁ \ בָּתֵי הַמִּדְרָשׁ
Beis Din Shel Ma'alah Bēth Ḋin Shel Maʿəlâh (Maʿlâh) the Heavenly Court, Divine Tribunal בֵּית דִּין שֶׁל מַעְלָה
bemetziut/s | b'metzius/t bemeṣiuth/bemeṣiuṱ 1. in real life, in the real world  2. (lit.) in existence בְּמֶצִיאוּת
Ben Sorer uMoreh Ben Sōrēr uMōrẹh lit.: wayward and rebellious son; refers to a specific legal concept in the Torah (Deuteronomy 21:18‑21) בֵּן סוֹרֵר וּמוֹרֶה
benoni/beinoni (pl. benonim) bēnoni (lit. the (one) in between) person that is neither a rasha  nor a tzaddik  but average בֵּינוֹנִי
bentsch/bentsching/bentshing (Yinglish) (lit.: praising) reciting (one of) the designated blessing(s) after eating a meal or snack  2. (noun) the (act of) bentsching  (usually Birkat Hamazon); from the Yiddish word 'bentschen/bentshn' (בּעֶנטשֶׁן)
bentsher/bentscher (Yiddish) prayerbook(let) containing the blessings for bentsching בּעֶנטשֶער
beracha/berakha/bracha (pl. brachot/s) berâkhâh (a) blessing בְּרָכָה
berairah/bereirah/bererah/breirah (pl. breirot/s) berērâh option ● b'ein breirah: with no (other) option בְּרִירָה
Bereshit/Bereishis Book of Genesis
besamim beśâmim (lit. spices) aromatic spices (usually cloves) used in the Havdalah  ceremony, which marks the end of Shabbat בְּשָׂמִים
besari (hebrew) having the halachik status of meat products, either as a result of coming into contact, being mixed with, or simply being, meat; syn.: 'fleishig' (yiddish)
beshaas hadchak/bishe'at had'chak bisheʿáth haḓ'ḥâq/​had'ḥaq 'in times of emergency/crisis'; used when one has to make decisions or take actions that are less than desirable/less than ideal because of challenging or critical circumstances בִּשְעַת הַדְחָק\הַדְּחַק
besorot tovot/besoros tovos בְּשׂוֹרוֹת טוֹבוֹת
Beth Haknesset/Beis Haknesses Bēth Hakneseth/Haknesseṱ synagogue (primarily) designated for prayer-services בֵּית הַכְּנֶסֶת
Beth Hamikdash/Beis Hamikdash Bēth Haṁiqdâsh (lit. House of Sanctum) the Holy Temple; Beth Hamikdash Harishon/Hasheini: the First/Second Temple בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ
Bigdei Kehuna Biǧdē Kehuṅâh special clothes worn by the priests (Kohanim) in the Temple בִּגְדֵי כְּהֻנָּה
Bikkur/Bikur Cholim/Holim Biqur (Biqqur) Ḥolim 'visiting the sick', a mitzvah  from the Torah בִּיקוּר חוֹלִים
Bikkurim Bikurim/Bikkurim 1. agricultural offering of the first fruits of the harvest, which were brought to the temple in Jerusalem as an expression of gratitude to God in ancient times  2. Tractate of the Mishna decribing the laws around this ritual בִּכּוּרִים
bilbul (pl. bilbulim)(pl. yid. bilb'lech) bilbul (lit. confusion, obfuscation) (blood) libel בִּלְבּוּל\בִּלְבּוּלִים (yiddish: בִּילבּל\בִּילבּלעֶך)
binah binâh 1. comprehension, understanding  2. [Binah] one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing intellectual insight and discernment בִּינָה
birchon
Birkas/Birkat Hamazon Birkath HaṀâẓon blessing recited after consuming a meal with bread בִּרְכַּת הַמָּזוֹן
Birkat Kohanim/Birkas Kohanim syn.: Nesiyat Kapayim
bitachon biṭ̇âchon trust (in a higher power); compare: Emunah בִּטָּחוֹן
blech (Yiddish) (historically) a metal sheet or cover placed over a stovetop on the Sabbath to allow the cooking or warming of food without directly using fire or electricity; nowadays, most people use a hotplate instead (which in Yiddish, technically speaking, is called a 'platte' (פּלאַטע)) but still call it a 'blech' בּלעֶך
Boreich/Borech/Borekh Bōrēkh (lit.) bless(es) (root of מְבָרֵךְ (meaning: (singular) bless/blesses)); 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Passover בָּרֵךְ
Bracha Achronah/Berakha Ahrona Berâkhâh Aḥăronâh lit. last blessing; one of the designated blessings for after a meal or snack בְּרָכָה אַחֲרוֹנָה
Briat Ha'olam/Brias HaOlam beriʾath/briʾath hâʿolâm creation of the world בְּרִיאַת הָעוֹלָם
brit/bris (pl. brisos/britot) brith (pl. technically 'britot/brisos' but 'britim/brissim' is more common despite it being incorrect) 1. covenant  2. (Bris) short for Bris Milah  ('Covenant of Circumcision') בְּרִית \ בְּרִיתוֹת
Bris Milah Brith Milâh (Covenant of) circumcision בְּרִית מִילָה
Chabad/chabad (a.s.s.: Chabbad) major chasidic movement known for its outreach efforts and educational activities; acronym of Chochmah, Binah, va'Da'at (חָכְמָה, בִּינָה, וָדַּעַת); also known as Lubavitch (based on the location it originated from) חַבַּ"ד
chacham/ḥakham ḥâkhâm wise person חָכָם
Chad Gadya
Chag sameach/Hag same'ah
chai/hai ḥai/ḥây/ḥâi lives (singular form of 'to live') ● Am Yisrael chai: the people of Israel live חַי\חָי
Chalakah/chalakah
chalavi/halavi ḥălaḇi (hebrew) having the halachik status of dairy, either as a result of coming into contact, being mixed with, or simply being, dairy; syn.: 'milchig' (yiddish) חֲלָבִי
challah/hallah ḥal̇âh type of braided bread eaten on Shabbat  and holidays in Jewish households חַלָּה
chameshet mine dagan/chameishes minei dagan
chametz/hametz ḥâmēṣ leavened food, prohibited from being eaten (or even owned (according to Orthodox Judaism)) on Passover חָמֵץ
Chanukkah/Hanukkah
charatah ḥarâṭâh regret חֲרָטָה
Chareidi/chareidi/Haredi/haredi (Hebrew)(adj.) 1. Orthodox Jewish (with the exception of (certain) Modern Orthodox (groups) (known in Israel as 'dati le'umi'))  2. (noun)(pl. chareidim) Orthodox Jewish person (except for (certain groupings within the) Modern Orthodox (community)) חֲרֵדִי
has/chas v'shalom ḥâs w̠eshâlom (lit. mercy and peace) God forbid חָס וְשָׁלוֹם
chashuv/hashuv ḥâshuḇ (yiddish) a chashuve/choshuve yid: a respectable Jew חָשׁוּב
chassid/hassid (pl. chassidim (hebrew)/chassids (eng)) ḥâsiḏ/ḥâsiḓ 1. person that does chessed  (kindness)  2. pious person or devout/loyal person (to a creed, religion etc.) ● chassid shoteh (חָסִיד שׁוֹטֶה) (lit. foolish chassid); person that is loyal to a creed or person unquestionably (or uncritically)  3. hasidic person חָסִיד
chatan/hatan/chassan (pl. chattanim/chassanim) ḥâtân/ḥâthân/ḥâṱân groom חָתָן \ חֲתָנִים
chatunah/hatunah/chasunah/chassunah/chassune ḥătunâh/ḥăthunâh/ḥăṱunâh wedding חתונה\חֲתֻנָּה
chatzos/hatzot ḥăṣoth (lit. midpoint) hatzot yom: noon; hatzot lailah: midnight חֲצוֹת
chayus/chayut
Chazarat haShatz/chazaras hashatz Ḥăẓârath haShaṣ abbreviated form of Chazarat HaShaliach Tzibbur (חַזָּרַת הַשַּׁלִּיחַ צִבּוּר); repetition of the Amidah by the Shaliach Tzibbur חֲזָרַת הַשַ"ץ
Chazeret/Chazeres/Hazeret(h) Ḥăẓereth Romaine lettuce חֲזֶרֶת
chazir ("chazer") ḥăẓir pig, swine חֲזִיר
chazzan/hazzan (pl. hazzanim) ḥaẓ̇ân cantor חַזָּן
cheder (pl. chadarim) ḥeder/ḥedder / ḥădârim/ḥăḓârim (lit. room) school (usually a Hasidic Jewish religious school) חֶדֶר \ חֲדָרִים
cheder rishon/sheini/shlishi/revii ḥeder riʾshon/shēni/shelishi/reviʿi חֶדֶר רִאשׁוֹן\שֵׁנִי\שְׁלִישִׁי\רְבִיעִי
Cheirem Derabbeinu Gershom (Gershon)
Cherus/cherut | cheirus ḥēruth freedom חֵרוּת
chesed/chessed (pl. chasadim) Ḥesed/ḥeseḓ 1. compassion, kindness  2. short for 'maasei chesed'  (מַעֲשֵׂי חֶסֶד )(lit. 'works of kindness'); acts of kindness  3. community service  4. Chessed: one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing love and benevolence חֶסֶד\חֲסָדִים
cheshbon (pl. cheshbonos/t) ḥeshbon חֶשְׁבּוֹן
cheshbon hanefesh ḥeshbon haṅephesh חֶשְׁבּוֹן הַנֶּפֶשׁ
chet/cheit (pl. chato'im/chatoïm)
chevra
Chevra Kadisha
chiddush/chidush ḥiḋush/ḥiḓ̇ush חִדּוּשׁ
chiloni/hiloni (pl. chilonim/hilonim)
Chillul Hashem
chiluk/chilluk (pl. chilukim) difference
chilukei deyot/chilukei deyos
chinuch
chizuk/chizzuk Divrei Chizuk: words of encouragement
chochmah ḥâkmâh 1. wisdom  2. [Chochmah] one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing wisdom and intuition  3. (noun, count.) something that requires a decent amount of intellect to be able to do ● nit/nisht ke'n chochmah: not (as) (intellectually) impressive/difficult (as you're making it out to be) חָכְמָה
chok (pl. chukim) ḥoq / ḥuq̇im statute; commandment whose rationale is not always immediately apparent or understood, distinguishing from "mishpat" (מִשְׁפָּט), which refers to laws with a clear and understandable reason חוֹק
Chol Hamoed/Hamo'ed (yeshivish: "chalemoid") Ḥōl HaṀōʿēḓ/HaṀōʿēd חוֹל הַמּוֹעֵד
Choshen Mishpat/Mishpot | Hoshen Mishpat Ḥoshẹn / Ḥoshẹn (ha)Mishpât the Choshen Mishpat (often abbreviated to 'Choshen') (lit.: Breastplate of Justice) is the Biblical term for the Priestly Breastplate; one of the 8 Bigdei Kehuna  that the High Priest wore during Temple services חֹשֶׁן\חֹשֶׁן הַמִשְׁפָּט\חֹשֶׁן מִשְׁפָּט
chov ḥoḇ debt חוֹב
chozer bitshuvah/biteshuvah
chumash/Humash (pl. chumashim) ḥuṁâsh 1. a 'Torah' in book form  2. (any) one of the five books of the Torah (in book form) חֻמָּשׁ
chuppah (pl. chuppot/s)
churban/Churban (a.p.: chorbn) 1. destruction; remains of a settlement after is has been destroyed  2. 'The Churban', refers to: Churban Beth Hamikdash: the Destruction of the Holy Temple ● Zecher l'Churban: in memory of the Churban חֻרְבָּן
Chutz la'Aretz/chutz la'aretz ḥuṣ lâʾâreṣ (lit. 'out to the land') outside Israel חוּץ לָאָרֶץ
chutz lamachane (lit. 'out of the encampment')(humorous) isolated from the group
Chutznik/chutznik (pl. chutznikim)
chutzpah/hutzpah audacity
chutzpinyak/chutzp'nyak
d'Oraisah/d'oraisah "mi'd'oraisah"
d'Rabbanan/d'rabbanan "mi'd'rabbanan"
da'at/daas ḋaʿath/ḋaʿaṱ 1. knowledge, informedness  2. Da'at: in Kabbalah, the location where all ten Sefirot in the Tree of Life are united as one, often considered a bridge between the divine and human consciousness דָּעַת
dagesh דָּגֵשׁ \ דְּגָשִׁים
dalet amos
dam milah
dan l'kaf z'chut/zechus/zchus
darom south
dati le'umi/dati leumi
daven/davening (v) (yiddish/yinglish) to 'daven' = to pray
davening (n) (yinglish) prayer
Dayenu/Daiyenu
de'ot/de'os opinions, perspectives
Deracheha Darchei Noam Ḋerâkhehâh darkhē noʿâm (w̠'khâl nethiḇotehâ shâlom) "Deracheha Darchei Noam v'chol nesivoseho shalom" (דְּרָכֶיהָ דַרְכֵי נֹעַם וְכׇל נְתִיבוֹתֶיהָ שָׁלוֹם): דְּרָכֶיהָ דַרְכֵי נֹעַם
derekh/derech eretz (lit. ways of the land) manners דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ
Derech eretz kadma l'Torah/laTorah (dictum) manners take precedence over the Torah דֶּרֶךְ אֶרֶץ קָדְמָה לַתּוֹרָה
derech hayashar
Devarim
dikduk
dimyon
dimyonot/dimyonos
din (pl. dinim) ḋin / ḋinim דִּין \ דִּינִים
din v'cheshbon
dina d'malchusa dina דִּינָא דְמַלְכוּתָא דִּינָא (דִּינָא דְּמַלְכוּתָא דִּינָא)
Dor Haflagah
drashah/drasha speech (often referring to a religious sermon)
dreidel Jewish version of a spinning top; used on chanukkah
duchenen/dukhenen/duchn'n/dukhn'n (Yiddish) 'The Duchenen'; the ritual of Birkat Kohanim ; from the Hebrew 'דּוּכָנָן' (duchanan) meaning: (the) stands דוּכֶנ'עֶן\דוּכֶנעֶן
duchen/duchening 'to duchen': perform the ritual of Birkat Kohanim דוּכֶנעִנג
Dvar/dvar Torah (pl. divrei Torah)
dybbuk (pl. dybbukim) ḋibuq/ḋibbuq (diḇuq?) malevolent spirit, generally the type that possesses humans דִּיבּוּק\דִּבּוּק
efsher
Eglah Arufah Eǧlâh Ăruphâh (lit. "broken-necked calf", "decapitated heifer") ritual described in the Hebrew Bible (Deuteronomy 21:1‑9) pertaining to a person found murdered in the wild and where the perpetrator is unknown עֶגְלָה עֲרוּפָה (עֶגְלָה הָעֲרוּפָה)
Ehyeh asher Ehyeh Ẹhyẹh ăshẹr Ẹhyẹh (lit. "I am that I am") reference to God (as God represents themself this way in Exodus 3:14) אֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה
Eibishter/Eybishter (chs: Aybishter)
Eidut HaMizrach/Eidut Hamizrach
(b')ein brerah (with) no (other) option
Ein/Eyn Sof Ēn soph (Kaballah) (lit. No End) God
einikel
Eis Ratzon
El/el 1. [el] (a) god  2. [El] one of the names of God in the Bible
El (Elohim) Elyon
El malei rachamim אֵל מָלֵא רַחֲמִים
emes/emet
Emunah/emunah belief/conviction
Emunas/Emunat Hashem belief in God
Ephod/Eiphod Ēphoḓ/Ēphod richly embroidered vest or apron with two onyx engraved gemstones on the shoulders, on which, were engraved the names of the tribes of Israel; one of the 8 Bigdei Kehuna  that the High Priest wore during Temple services אֵפוֹד
eretz earth, land
Eretz Yisrael (land of) Israel
Erev Shabbos
erva
Eser Makkot/Eser Makkos
Eshet Chayil/eishes chayil
Etrog/esrog//ethrog (pl. ethrogim) 1 of the Arba'ah Minim
Etz Chaim (lit. 'Tree of Life')
Etz Hada'as
Etzbah Elohim אֶצְבַּע אֱלֹהִים
etzem
evarim/eivarim
eved (pl. avodim) servant/slave
Eved Hashem (pl. Avdei Hashem) servant of God
Even Shetiyah/Even Shesiyah Eḇen Haṧeṯ̣iyâh/Eḇen Sheṱ̣̇iyâh 'Foundation Stone'; foundational rock from which, according to Judaism, the world was created; located at the center of the Dome of the Rock אֶבֶן שְׁתִיָּה\אֶבֶן הַשְּׁתִיָּה
Ever min hachai/Ever min hachay
Ezrat Nashim/Ezras nashim
fleishig (Yiddish) having the halachik status of meat products, either as a result of coming into contact, being mixed with, or simply being, meat; syn.: 'besari' (Hebrew)
fleishigs (Yiddish) 1. (noun) fleishig  foods  2. (adj.) malapropism of fleishig
frum (Yiddish; OJ term) Orthodox (Jewish)
frummie (Jewish slang; often, derogatory) frum person
G'lilah/glilah
G'mar/Gmar chasima tova
gabbai/gabay ("gabbeh") (pl. gabbaim/gabbaïm) sexton
gadol (pl. gedolim)
Galus/Galut Bavel
galut/galus
Gan Eden Garden of Eden
ganav/ganev (pl. ganavim) thief
gaon (pl. Geonim/Gaonim) genius
gashmiyut/gashmiyus materialism; worldly pleasures
gazlan (pl. gazlanim)
gebentsht
Gehinnom/Gehinnam hell
gemach גְּמַ"ח (גְּמַ"חִים)
Gemara Ġemârâ Talmud גְּמָרָא
gematria (pl. gematriot/s) גְּמַטְרִיָּה \ גְּמַטְרִיּוֹת
Gemilus/gemilut chasadim Ġemiluth ḥăsâḓim/ḥăsâdim גְּמִילוּת חֲסָדִים
genizah ġeniẓâh repository for worn-out or damaged sacred texts such as Torah scrolls, prayer books, and other religious writings that contain the name of God; out of respect for their sanctity, they are placed there, instead of being discarded; eventually, they are buried in a Jewish cemetery according to Jewish law גְּנִיזָה
ger (pl. gerim/geirim) (a) convert
Ger Tzeddek/Tseddek
geshmack/gishmack
get (pl. gitin) divorce (document)
Geula/Ge'ula/Ge'ulah the Redemption
gevir ("geviir") (pl. gevirim)
gevurah ġeḇurâh 1. strength  2. Gevurah (lit. strength): one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing disclipine and judgment גְּבוּרָה
gezeilah/g'zeilah
gezeira/gezeirah
gezel
gilgul (pl. gilgulim) reincarnated soul; reincarnation גִּלְגוּל \ גִּלְגוּלִים
gilyon ġilyon manuscript, copyedit גִּלְיוֹן
giyores/giyoret (pl. giyorot/s) female convert גִיוֹרֶת \ גִיוֹרוֹת
giyur the 'conversion process' or just conversion in general
Gog u'Magog
golem
goy (pl. goyim) lit. 'nation' but usually refers to non-Jews גּוֹי\גּוֹיִם
goyish (also spelled: goysh) un-Jewish
grusha (pl. grushos/t) female divorcee
hadassim 1 of the Arba'ah Minim
Hafrashas/Hafrashat challah
hafsakah (pl. hafsakot/s) haphsâqâh 1. break  2. recess הַפְסָקָה \ הַפְסָקוֹת
Haftarah הַפְטָרָה \ הַפְטָרוֹת
Hagbah/Hagbaha Haǧbâhâh/Hagbâhâh ritual lifting and displaying of the Torah scroll to the congregation after it has been read during a Torah reading service הַגְבָּהָה
Haggadah (pl. Haggadot/s)
Haggadah shel Pesach
Hakadosh Baruch Hu
Hakhnasat orchim/hachnasas orchim hakhnâsath orḥim (lit. 'the welcoming of guests') hospitality (towards guests) הַכְנָסַת אוֹרְחִים
Hakoras/Hakarat hatov
Halacha/Halakha/Halakhah (Halacha/Halakha/Halakhah) הֲלָכָה
Hallel Hal̇ēl 1.  2. 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach הַלֵּל
HaMakom (lit.: The Place) one of the names of God; usually translated as 'The Omnipresent'
hanukkiah/chanukkiah (pl. hanukkiot/s)
Har Habayit/Har Habayis
Har Sinai Mt. Sinai
Harbei Shluchim laMakom Harbē Sheluḥim laṀâqom "The Omnipresent has many messengers" הַרְבֵּה שְׁלוּחִים לַמָּקוֹם
Hashavat Avedah/Hashavas Aveidah
Hashem/HaShem/haShem The Name (meaning: God)
Hashem yerachem/yeracheim "may God have mercy"
Hashem yikom damo/damah/damam
Hashgacha Klalit/Klalis
Hashgacha Pratit/Pratis
hashkafah (pl. hashkafot/s)
hashpa'ah (pl. hashpa'ot) influence
Haskalah the (Jewish) Enlightenment movement הַשְׂכָּלָה
Hatafat Dam Brit / Hatofas Dam Bris Haṭâphath Ḋam Brith הֲטָפַת דַּם בְּרִית
Hatzalah
hatzlachah success
Hatzlachah rabah "(I wish you) great success"
Havdalah
havel/hevel havalim (havolim) "vanity of vanities" (from Ecclesiastes 1:2) הֲבֵל הֲבָלִים
Hayah, Hoveh, v'Yihye Hâyâh How̠eh ḇ'Yihyeh (lit. 'Was, is, and will be") reference to God הָיָה הוֹוֶה וִיהְיֶה
Hazkarat neshamot | Hazkoras/Hazkaras neshamos
hechsher (pl. hechsherim)
hefker
hefsek (pl. hefsekim) hephsēq interruption, pause הֶפְסֵק \ הֲפְסָקִים
Hekdesh/hekdesh Heqḋēsh property or possessions that have been dedicated to the Temple הֶקְדֵּשׁ
Hekhal/Hechal/Heichal (pl. Hechalim/Hechalot/s) Hēkhâl 1. hall, large reception area  2. central sanctuary of the holy temple  3. ark/cabinet in a synagogue that houses the Torah scrolls; synonym: Aron Hakodesh הֵיכָל (הֵיכָלִים\הֵיכָלוֹת)
hesped (pl. hespedim) הֶסְפֵּד \ הֶסְפֵּדִים
heter (pl. heterim) hetēr הֶתֵּר \ הֶתֵּרִים
Hineni Hiṅēni/Hineni "Here I am"; Jewish expression of resilience and fortitude in the face of antisemitism הִנֵּנִי\הִנְנִי
hisarvus/hitarbut hithʿârḇuth/hithʿârḇuṱ 1. (lit. entanglement) communal involvement combined with a feeling of being united in purpose and responsibility  2. togetherness, feeling of solidarity; being united in purpose and responsibility; synonym: areivus הִתְעָרְבוּת
hishtadlut/hishtadlus
hitbodedut/hisbodedus
hitorerut/hisorerus/hithorerut
Hod Hod/Hōḓ one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing splendor and glory הוֹד
Hodu laShem ki l'olam/le'olam chasdo
hora
Hoshanah Rabbah
ikar
im yirtzeh Hashem God willing
Imahot/Imahos
inyan (pl. inyanim)
Isiyim Iṡiyim Essenes אִסִּיִים
Isru chag
Ivri (pl. Ivrim) עִבְרִי \ עִבְרִים
K'lei/Klei Hakerem
k'mayim panim el (ha)panim
K'sones/Ketonet/Kesones Pasim
Kabbalah/Qabalah קַבָּלָה
Kaddish/Qadish/Qaddish
Kadesh/Kadeish Qaḋēsh 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach קַדֵּשׁ
Kadeish Ur'chatz Qaḋēsh Ureḥaṣ first 2 Simanim of Pesach ; are referred to in this way as, in certain respects, they are considered one unit קַדֵּשׁ וּרְחַץ
kallah (pl. kallot/s) bride כַּלָּה \ כַּלוֹת
kana'i/kanaï (pl. kanaim/kanaïm) zealot
kapittl (pl. kapittlach)
Kapparot/Kapparos
Karet/Kares/Kareth (Ashk. rel.: Kores/Koreis; chs: Kures) Kârēth/Kârēṱ extirpation, spiritual excision; biblical punishment where a person is spiritually "cut off" from the community and where they are expected to experience a premature death (at the hands of God) כָּרֵת
karov/karev/korev/kurev (generally speaking) a family member
Karpas 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach כַּרְפַּס
kashrut/Kashrus
katan (pl. ketanim)
kavanah (pl. kavanot/s)
kavod
kavuah/kavua
kivyachol/kavyachol/kevayachol כִּבְיָכוֹל
Ke'arah/Ke'areh
ke'ilu
kebeitzah/k'beitzah kabēṣah/k'ḇēṣah (biblical measurements) (lit. 'like an egg') the size of an egg כַּבֵּיצָה\כְּבֵיצָה
Kedushah/kedusha 1. Holyness  2.
Kehal Hakadosh
Kehal/Kahal ● 'Kehal Hashem':
kehilla/kehillah (pl. kehillot/s)
keili/kli (pl. kelim/keilim)
Kein Ayin hora ("kenayneh hora")
kelayim/kilayim
Keruvim/Qeruvim Cherubim
kesher (pl. kesharim) ● 'Kesher shel Kayamah' קֶשֶׁר \ קְשָׁרִים
Kesivah/Kesiva vechasima tova
ketannah/ketana (pl. ketanot/s)
Keter/Keser Keter/Kether/Keṱer (lit. crown) highest of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing the 'Divine will', 'infinite light', and highest level of consciousness כֶּתֶר
Ketonet/Kesones Priestly tunic; one of the 4 Bigdei Kehuna  that the Aaronite Priests wore during Temple services (כְּתֹנֶת (כֻּתֹּנֶת
Ketoret/ketores
Ketubah/kesubah/kesuba (pl. kesubot/s)
Kevurah/kvurah burial
kezayit/k'zayit/k'zayis (pl. kezeytim/kezeisim)
kibbud/kibud (pl. kibudim) kibud/kibuḓ (an) honoring ● Kibud melachim (lit. 'honoring of kings') royal honoring; attending to someone's every need כִּבּוּד
Kibbud av va'em/va'eim Kibud/Kibuḓ/Kibuḏ aḇ w̠â'ēm honoring (one's) father and mother; one of the Ten Commandments כִּיבּוּד אָב וָאֵם
Kiddush
Kiddush Levanah
Kimcha d'Pischa/kimcha d'pischa Qimḥâ ḋ'Phisḥâ (lit. 'Paschal flour') traditional Jewish charitable practice of providing the necessary provisions for the Passover holiday to those in need קִמְחָא דְּפִסְחָא
Kinnot/Kinnos/kinnos Qinoth/Qiṅoth dirges, elegies; usually referring to Kinnot Tisha b'Av (קִינוֹת לְתִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב) קִינוֹת\קִינּוֹת
kinyan (pl. kinyanim)
kippah/kippa (pl. kippot/s) yarmulkah
Kiruv/kiruv Qiruḇ (OJ; lit. bringing close, near) outreach to (ethnic) Jews, usually ones that have little to no knowledge of religious Judaism, with the aim of strengthening their Jewish identity and observance קִירוּב
Kisei HaKavod
kishuf
kisuy rosh (pl. kisuyei rosh) כִּסּוּי רֹאשׁ \ כִּסּוּיֵי רֹאשׁ
kittel/kittl (pl. kittlach)
kitniyot/kitniyos
klaf (pl. klafim) qlâph parchment קְלָף \ קְלָפִים
klal (pl. klalim/klalos/t) klâl / klâlim (klâloth) 1. prinicple, rule ● 'Yotzeh min haklal' (lit. 'takes out of the rule'): other than, different from the collective (group)  2. collective (of people) כְּלָל (כְּלָלִים\כְּלָלוֹת)
Klal Yisrael
klallah (pl. klallos/t) (n) curse
Kodesh (Ha)Kadoshim (of the temple) Holy of Holies
kofer (pl. kofrim) qophēr / qophrim (lit. denier) a heretic כּוֹפֵר \ כּוֹפְרִים
kofuy tova/tovah (pl. kefuyei tovah) k'phuy ṭoḇâh ungrateful person כְּפוּי טוֹבָה \ כְּפוּיֵי טוֹבָה
Kohen Gadol (pl. Kohanim Gadolim) High Priest of Israel
Kohen/kohen (pl. Kohanim) person of Aaronite descent, elligible to serve as a priest (or High-Priest) in the Tabernacle and later, in the Jewish Temple
kol (pl. kolos/t) voice
kol hakavod
korban (pl. korbanos) qârbân / qârbânim offering, sacrifice קָרְבָּן \ קָרְבָּנוֹת
Korech/Korekh/Koreich 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach כּוֹרֵךְ
Kosher/kosher
Kotel/Kosel the Western Wall; Wailing Wall; short for 'Kotel/Kosel Hama'aravi' (lit. 'Western Wall')
Kri'ah/K'riah/Qeriah tearing (usually used in the context of mourning, where the mourner tears their garment upon hearing of the death of a relative) קריעה
Kriat Yam-Suf/Krias Yam-suf the splitting of the red-sea
Kriyah/Kri'ah² (n) (pl. kriyot/s) (noun) reading (usually, from the Torah, and out loud) קריאה
Kriyas/Kriyat HaTorah reading of the Torah (Bible) קְרִיאַת הַתּוֹרָה
ktav/ksav (pl. k'tavim/k'savim) כְּתָב \ כְּתָבִים
kulah leniency
kumzitz
Kvater/Kvaterin person honored with carrying a baby-boy to his circumcision, usually the godfather &/or godmother קוואַטעֶר\קוואַטעֶרִין
l'Asid lavo/Le'atid lavo lit. 'in the future to come' לְעָתִיד לָבוֹא
l'Chaim ul'Shalom/l'chaim u'l'shalom
l'chaim/lechaim/lechayim 1. [Lechaim!] (lit. "To life!") "Cheers."  2. an alcoholic toast ● "Join us, we're having a l'chaim."
l'chatchilah/lechatchila/l'katchilah/lekatchila
l'chol/l'kol hadeos
l'Iluy Nishmat/l'iluy nishmas
l'kavod/lekavod
l'Kov'd/Lekavod Shabbat/Shabbos
Lag BaOmer/ba'Omer (alt. L"G BaOmer) ל״ג בָּעוֹמֶר
Lashon HaKodesh lit. holy tongue; (biblical) Hebrew
Lashon Hora
Lechem Hapanim/Lekhem Hapanim
Lechem Mishneh/Lekhem Mishneh
Lechem Oni/Lekhem Oni לֶחֶם עֹנִי
lechora / lechorah / l'chora / lekhorah /
lichora / lich'ora / lechoire / lichoira
likhʾorâ (lit. 'to the light') it would seem לִכְאוֹרָה
lecht (pl. lecht'lach) candles
Leil Shimurim
leining reading aloud (usually from the Torah)
levayah (pl. levayos/t) funeral
Levi/levi (pl. leviim/leviïm)
Litvak
Litvish
lo alenu/lo aleynu
loskshen/lukshen 1. noodles, spaghetti (usually; soup noodles)  2. made up stories
luach luaḥ (lit. 'tablet') 1. calendar  2. informational board of some sort לוּחַ
Luchot/Luchos
lulav (pl. lulavim) 1 of the Arba'ah Minim
Ma Nishtana
Ma'ariv/maariv Maʿariḇ 1. west  2. (col.) night-prayer; synonym of 'Arvit' מַעֲרִיב
Ma'aser/maaser Maaser Sheni: ● Maaser ani:
maamin/ma'amin (pl. ma'aminim) believer
maaseh/ma'aseh (pl. ma'asim (yid. 'maases')) 1. story  2. deed, act (yid: מַעֲשִׂיּוֹת) מַעֲשֶׂה \ מַעֲשִׂים
Maaser Sheni
maasim tovim good deeds
Mabul/mabbul
machloket/machlokes (pl. macahlokos/t) dispute; can be a general dispute or all-out feud מַחֲלוֹקֶת \ מַחֲלוֹקוֹת
machmir (v)
machmir (n) (pl. machmirim)
machshiv value something positively; recognize something's worth
Machtzit/s Hashekel Maḥăṣith Haṧeqel מַחֲצִית הַשֶּׁקֶל
machzor (pl. machzorim)
madregah/madreigah/madreiga (pl. madregos/t)
Maftir/maftir מפטיר
Magen David (pl. Mag'nei David) מָגֵן דָּוִד \ מָגִנֵּי דָּוִד
maggid/Maggid (pl. maggidim) maġid/maġiḓ storyteller, orator מַגִּיד
Maggid² Maġid/Maġiḓ 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach מַגִּיד
Makat Bechorot/Makas Bechoros
Makat Hoshekh/Makas Choshech
makir tov (v)
makir tov (n) (pl. makirei tov)
makka (pl. makkot/s)
makpid
makriv
malach (pl. malachim) angel
Malachei Hasharet/Hashareis Malăkhē Haṧârēth מַלְאֲכֵי הַשָּׁרֵת
Malchut/malchus Malkhuth/malkhuṱ 1. kingdom  2. royalness, regality  3. Malchut: one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing sovereignty, leadership, and physical manifestation מַלְכוּת
mamash
mamme lushen mother tongue (usually referring to Yiddish)
mamzer (pl. mamzerim)
mann/Mann/Man
manhig (pl. manhigim)
Maoz Tzur/Tsur
Maran Harav
Marror/marror 1. 'bitter herb' eaten on Passover  2. 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach מָרוֹר
Masechta (pl. masechtot/s) (Aramaic) Tractate of the Talmud or Mishna
Masekhet/maseches (pl. masechot/s) Tractate of the Talmud or Mishna
mashal/mashul (pl. mashalim) parable
Mashiach/Moshiach the messiah
masorti
Matan Torah
Matanat la'Evyonim/Matanas l'evyonim
matir/mattir to permit something which was (or under normal circumstances, still is) forbidden
matzah (pl. matzot/s)
matzav (pl. matzavim)
matzevah/matzeivah (pl. matzevot/s)
matzliach to succeed/be succesful ● to be matzliach: to be successful
Mazzal-Tov/Mazzaltov/Mazeltov congratulations
mazzel/mazzal luck
Me'en Olam Haba/Mei'ein Olam Haba Mēʿēn ʿOlâm Habâh (lit. 'kind of'/'like' heaven) foretaste of heaven; said about sth you find so enjoyable, you think it could have a tiny similarity to heaven מֵעֵין עוֹלָם הַבָּא
Me'il Priestly robe; one of the 8 Bigdei Kehuna  that the High Priest wore during Temple services מְעִיל
Me'orat Hamakhpelah/Meoras Hamachpelah Meʿârath Haṁakhpēlâh Cave of Machpelah, a.k.a. Cave of the Patriarchs, located in Hebron; one of the holiest sites in Judaism as it is the burial place of the patriarchs and matriarchs מְעָרַת הַמַּכְפֵּלָה
mechalel Shabbat/Shabbos 1. (v) to desecrate the sabbath  2. (n) person that desecrates the Sabbath
mechanech (pl. mechanchim) educators
mechanechet/s (pl. mechanchot/s) educators
Mechayeh metim / mechayei meisim lit.: "resurrects/resurrecting the dead"; reference to God as the "Resurrector of the Dead"; short for "Mechayeh Hametim" מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים
mechayev/mechayeiv
mechazeik/mechazek
mechila 1. forgiveness  2. (noun, count.) (pl. mechilos/t) (one) act of forgiveness
mechitzah (pl. mechitzot/s)
mechubad
mechutan (pl. mechutanim)
mechutzaf (pl. mechutzafim)
medina (pl. medinot/s)
Medinat Yisrael/Yisra'el State of Israel
megillah (pl. megillot/s)
Mehadrin (min HaMehadrin)
meizid (pl. meizidim)
mekabel
mekabel panim
mekabel tumah
mekadesh/mekadeish
Mekakh Ta'ut/mekach ta'us
Mekubbal/mekubal (pl. mekubbalim) מְקוּבָּל
melacha (pl. melachos/t)
Melaveh Malka (pl. melavei malkah) מְלַוֵּה מַלְכָּא \ מְלַוֵּי מַלְכָּא
Melech Malchei HaMelachim (lit. 'King ruler of Kings') King of Kings (meaning: God)
Menorah/menorah (pl. menorot/s)
mensch/mentsch
menschlichkeit/mentschlichkeit
menucha
Merkazi (lit. centered one) main prayer/study-room of a synagogue מֶרְכַּזִי
merkhava/merchava/merkava
meshabe'ach/meshabeäch
meshuga/meshigge
meshuggener
meshulach (pl. meshulachim) 1. person that travels around collecting money for the poor and needy  2. Chabad shliach
mesorah (pl. mesoros/t) mesorâh/mesoroth/mesoroṱ traditions (persumed to be) transmitted (accurately) throughout the generations as they pertain to religious laws מְסוֹרָה \ מְסוֹרוֹת
metaher/metaheir
metamei
Metzitza b'peh
Metzorah (pl. metzoraim)
mevater
Mezuman (Mezumen) Mezumen Bentshing
Mezuzah/mezuzah (pl. mezuzot/s)
Mi-Sheberach/misheberach/
mishebeirach/mi-sheberakh
Michnasayim/Mikhnasayim Mikhnâsayim (Mikhnesē Ḇâd/Ḇâḓ/Habaḓ) (lit.: pants) Priestly undergarments; one of the 4 Bigdei Kehuna  that the Aaronite Priests wore during Temple services (in the Bible, called "michnesei vad/habad"  meaning 'cloth pants', 'pants that (are) cloth'n' respectively) (מִכְנָסַיִם (מִכְנְסֵי בָד\מִכְנְסֵי הַבָּד
michschol (pl. michsholos/t)
midbar (pl. midbarim) מִדְבָּר \ מִדְבָּרִים
middah (pl. middot/s) miḋâh literally: 'measure'; 1. (character) trait  2. attribute ● middah k'negged middah (usually referring to God's wrath): measure for measure מִדָּה
middot/middos character traits, morals (plural of middah) ● middot tovot: good (character) traits
mikvah (pl. mikvaot/s)
milchig (Yiddish) having the halachik status of dairy, either as a result of coming into contact, being mixed with, or simply being, dairy; syn.: 'chalavi' (Hebrew)
milchigs (Yiddish) 1. (noun) milchig  foods  2. (adj.) 2. malapropism of milchig
Mimuna/Mimouna
Mincha/mincha
minhag (pl. minhagim) minhâg/minhâgim (localized) customs and religious practises that have become the norm (in certain communities) but of whom it is admitted they are not stricly speaking (Torah) law מִנְהָג \ מִנְהָגִים
minyan (pl. minyanim)
mipnei seivah takum
Mishkan (pl. mishkanim)
Mishloach manot
Mishnah/mishna (pl. mishnayot/s)
mishpachah (pl. mishpachos/t)
mishpat (pl. mishpatim)
Misnagdim/Mitnagdim
misyavnim/mityavnim mithyâw̠nim (lit. the hellenized ones) hellenists מִתְיָוְנִים
mitbonen/misbonen
mitpallel/mispallel (pl. mitpallelim)
Mitznefet/Mitznefes Priestly turban; one of the 8 Bigdei Kehuna  that the High Priest wore during Temple services; the turban the regular Aaronite Priests wore was called a 'migbahath' מִצְנֶפֶת
mitzvah/mitsvah (pl. mitvot/mitvos)
mitzvos umaasim tovim
Mizbeach (pl. mizbechot/s) מִזְבֵּחַ \ מִזְבְּחוֹת
mizrach east
Mizrachi/mizrachi/mizrahi (pl. mizrachim (yid. 'mizrachniks')
Mo'ed/Moed
Moadim l’simcha - Chagim u’zemanim l’sason
mofes (pl. mofsim)
mohel (pl. mohelim)
Morah
Morenu/Moreinu Moreinu Harav
moser
Moser Nefesh/moser nefesh Mosēr nephesh מוֹסֵר נֶפֶשׁ
Motze/Motse/Motzaei Shabbat/Shabbos
Motsi Shem Ra (pl. motzaei shem ra) 1. slander  2. slanderer מוֹצִיא שֵׁם רָע \ מוֹצָאֵי שֵׁם רָע
Motsi-Matzah/Motzi-Matzah Moṣiʾ Maṩâh 1 or 2 (depending on who you ask) of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach מוֹצִיא מַצָּה
musag (pl. musagim)
Mussaf/mussaf (pl. mussafim)
Mussar Haskeil
Mussar/mussar/musar musar 1. morals, ethics, ethical teachings  2. to "give someone mussar" = to lecture someone, preach ethical teachings to them ● musar drashah (מוּסר דרָשׁה): diatribe, morality speech; musar shmuess (מוּסר שׁמוּעס): lecture on morality מוּסַר
muttar
naar/na'ar (pl. ne'arim) 1. boy, youth (younger than 13)  2. idiot נַעַר\נְעָרִים
na'arah/naarah (pl. ne'aros/t) girl, young woman (in Talmudic law; a girl between the age of 12 and 12.5) נַעֲרָה\נְעָרוֹת
nachat/nachas נַחַת
nachat ruach/nachas ruach
Navi/navi (pl. neviim/neviïm/nevi'im)
nazir (pl. nezirim)
nebach
nebachdik
nebbie
nechamah/nechama (pl. nechamot/s)
nedavah (pl. nedavot/s)
neder (pl. nedarim/t)
nekamah neqâmâh 1. (noun, uncount.) revenge  2. (noun, count.) (pl. nekamos/t) an act of revenge נְקָמָה\נְקָמוֹת
nekevah/nekeiva (pl. nekevot/nekeivos)
nekudah (pl. nekudot/s)
ner (pl. nerot/neiros) candle
nes/neis (pl. nissim) nēs miracle ● neis nigleh: open miracle נֵס
neshamah/neshama (pl. neshamot/s) soul ● Yetzias Neshama (lit. exit of the soul): moment of a person's passing
Nesiyat Kapayim
netilat yadayim
(ha)Netz HaChamah
Netzach/Netzah Neṣaḥ (lit. victory) one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing endurance, ambition, and the drive for success נֵצַח
nevuah (pl. nevuot/nevuos)
Nezirut/nezirus
Nichum Aveilim
Niflaot HaBorei/HaBoirei Niphlʾōth HaBōrē/​Niphlâōth HaBōrē נִפְלְאוֹת הַבּוֹרֵא \ נִפְלָאוֹת הַבּוֹרֵא
niftar niphṭâr (lit. 'removed') 1. died ● "* was niftar": * has passed away  2. (pl. niftarim (נִפְטָרִים)) person that has (recently) died נִפְטָר
niggun (pl. niggunim)
nimshal (pl. nimshalim)
niqqud
Nirtzah/Nirtza/nirtza 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach נִרְצָה
nisayon (pl. nisyonot/s)
nissim v'niflaot/s
Nisuch Hamayim
Nosar/noser
nose/nosei b'ol (im chavero) Nōśē ḇʿōl ʿim ḥaḇērō (lit. carrying, accepting the burden) sharing the burden (with his friend); often used to mean 'sharing (in) another person's pain' נוֹשֵׂא בְעֹל (נושא בעול)\ נוֹשֵׂא בְעֹל עִם חֲבֵרוֹ
nu
nusach (pl. nusachim)
Nusach Ashkenaz
Nusach Sepharad
Nusach Sfard
ober chacham (chs: "oiber chuchem")
ohel (pl. ohalim)
Ohel Mo'ed/Moed/Moi'eid
Ohev Shalom v'Rodef Shalom
Ol (pl. ulim) (n) yoke, burden, responsibility עוֹל\עֹל \ עוּלּים\עֻלִּים
Olah (pl. olot/s)
Olah Regel
Olam Ha'Elyon (o.p.a. Olem  Ha'Elyon)
Olam Haba ʿOlâm Habâh lit.: "The World to Come"; the next life, afterlife ● Me'ein Olam Haba: foretaste of Olam Haba עוֹלָם הַבָּא
Olam Hazeh ʿOlâm Haẓ̇eh lit.: "This World"; opposite of the afterlife; life on Earth עוֹלָם הַזֶּה
Oleh/oleh (pl. olim) Oleh chadash:
Onan (Onen) (pl. onenim) אוֹנֵן \ אוֹנְנִים
Oneg Shabbos
Oneg Yomtov
ones/oness/oneis (pl. anosim/onasim) onẹs (pl. ănâsim/aṅâsim/â̆nâsim/onâsim) (lit. forced, compulsion) 1. situation where a person had no choice but to do sth or have sth inflicted upon them  2. (v.)(singular) rape  3. (n.) rape אוֹנֵס\אֹנֶס \ אֲנָסִים\אַנָּסִים\אֳנָסִים\אוֹנָסִים
or/ohr (pl. orot/s) light אוֹר \ אוֹרוֹת
Orach Chaim
Orei Miklat
Orlah (Orloh)
os/ot/ois (pl. otiot/osyos/oisyos) letter (of an alphabet) אוֹת \ אוֹתִיוֹת
Ovdei kochavim
oy oh (no); short for oy vey
oy vey (iz mir) (chs: oy/oi vay) lit. "oh woe (is (to) me)"; expression expressing anguish or frustration; similar phrase: 'oh no'; often used as a dog-whistle by antisemites
p'sak/psak (pl. psakim) פְּסַק \ פְּסָקִים
pachad
Parah Adumah/parah adumah
parashah/parshah/parsha (pl. parshiot/s) פרשה
parnassah/parnasa
Paroh/Paroih/Paroy/paroih Parʿoh/Pharʿoh 1. (paroh) a pharaoh  2. (Paroh) when referring to a specific pharaoh, usually the pharaoh in the book of Exodus פַּרְעֹה\פַרְעה
parokhet/paroches (pl. parochot/s) pârōkheth/pârōkheṱ curtain (or veil) that covers the Ark (Aron Kodesh) in a synagogue, which houses the Torah scrolls פָּרוֹכֶת
Parshat Hashavuah/Parshas hashovua Parshath Haṧâḇuʿa פַּרְשַׁת הַשָּׁבוּעַ
passuk (pl. pesukim)
passul/pasul
Pe'ah/Peah
peleh/pele
perek (pl. perakim) chapter
perush/peirush (pl. peirushim)
Perushim/Prushim Pharisees
Pesach Passover
Pesicha
Peter Chamor/Petter Chamor
Peter Rechem/Petter Rechem Pẹṭẹr Rẹḥẹm lit.: "Redemption of the firstborn" Biblical commandment allowing parents to keep their firstborn child-son by paying a sum of money (or item of equivalent value) to an Aaronite priest (Kohen) ● (reform) Kiddush Peter Rechem: Kiddush ceremony celebrating the redemption of a couple's firstborn child-son (in Orthodox Judaism called: 'Pidyon HaBen' ) פֶּטֶר רֶחֶם
petirah (pl. petiros/t)
peyos/t
Pidyon HaBen
Pidyon Shvuyim
pikuach nefesh
pilegesh (pl. pilagshim) concubine
piyut/piyyut (pl. piyutim) piẏuṭ (Jewish) liturgical poems or hymns; also spelled 'Piyut/Piyutim' (when referring to specific piyutim) פִּיּוּט\פִּיּוּטִים
pogrom
pshat (pl. pshatim)
punkt
Purim
Purim seuda
Purim shpiel
pushke/pishke
ra'ayon/raayon (pl. ra'ayonot/s) raʿeyon/raʿăyon when a person has a 'ra'ayon' , they have an insight, reflection, contemplation that they want to share or they feel provides something interesting to think about רַעְיוֹן\רַעֲיוֹן \ רַעְיוֹנוֹת
raayeh indication that sth is true; proof רְאָיָה
Rabbosai/Rabbotai/rabbosai (rabboisai)
Rachmana/rachmana litzlan
rachmanut/rachmanus pity, mercy רַחְמָנוּת\רַחֲמָנוּת
Rachtza/Rahtza Raḥṣâ/Raḥăṣâ 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach רַחֲצָה\רַחְצָה
Rasha/rasha (pl. rashot/s) wicked person, evil person
Rebbe/rebbe
rechilut/rechilus
Refuah Sheleimah/refuah sheleima (may you have) a complete recovery (lit. cure)
remez (pl. remazim) רֶמֶז
reshut/reshus/r'shut/r'shus (pl. reshuyot/s) רְשׁוּת \ רְשׁוּיוֹת
ribbit/ribbis ribith (of a loan) interest רִיבִּית
rimon (pl. rimonim)
Rosh Chodesh
Rosh Hashanah
rov/ruv
Ruach Hakodesh/ruach hakodesh
ruchniyut/ruchniyus ruḥâniẏuth רוּחָנִיּוּת
safek (pl. s'fekot/s)
sakanah (pl. sakanos/t) danger
Sakanos Nefashos/sakanos nefashos/sakanat nefashot mortal danger
sandek/sandak sanḋâq person honored at a Jewish brit milah (circumcision) ceremony, to hold the baby boy on the knees or thighs while the mohel performs the brit milah, or by handing the baby to the mohel; compare: kvater סַנְדָּק
Sanhedrin
sason vesimcha/v'simcha
Satan (HaMashchis) Śâṭân Hamashḥith Satan (the Destroyer) שָׂטָן (הַמַשְׁחִית)
schach/skhakh סְכָךְ
schar/skhar/s'char/s'khar / skha'ar/scha'ar/skhaar/schaar/s'cha'ar/s'kha'ar śâkhâr reward, often referring to heavenly reward ● skhaar v'onesh: reward and punishment שָׂכָר
schlep/shlep
schnorrer
schnorring
sechel hayashar straight-thinking mind
sechel/seichel 1. (lit.) brain  2. brains, smarts, intelligence
seder (pl. sakanos/t)
Sefardi/Sephardi/Sepharadi (pl. Sephardim)
sefer (pl. sefarim) Jewish religious book
Sefer Torah (pl. Sifrei Torah) Torah scroll
Sefirat Ha'omer/Sefiras HaOmer
segulah (pl. segulot/s)
Selichot/Selichos
Sephirah/Sefirah
Sephirot/Sefiros
Seudat Hamafseket/Seudas Hamafsekes Seʿudath/Seʿuḓath Haṁaphseqeth final meal eaten before the onset of Yom Kippur סְעוּדַת הַמַּפְסֶקֶת
Seudat Havra'ah/Seudas Havra'ah Seʿuḋath/Seʿuḓath Haḇrâʾâh סְעוּדַּת הַבְרָאָה
Seudat Hoda'ah/Seudas Hoda'ah
Seudat Mitzvah/Seudas Mitzvah
Seudat Preidah/Seudas Preidah סְעוּדַת פְּרֵידָה
Seudat Shlishit/Seudas Shelishis
sha'atnez/shatnez
Shabbat (pl. shabbatot) Jewish sabbath ● Shabbat shalom: 'Have a good Sabbath.'
Shabbaton
Shabbos (pl. shabbasos) (ashk) Jewish sabbath ● Gut Shabbos:  'Have a good Sabbath.'
Shabbos Chol Hamoed
Shabbos goy
shachein tov good neighbour
Shaday/Shadai one of God's names
Shaharit/shachrit/shachris
shaliach/shliach/shaliaḥ (pl. shluchim) shâliaḥ 1. person fulfilling a task for someone else; agent, emissary, messenger  2. Chabad Shliach שָלִיחַ
shalom (lit. peace) 1. hello  2. one of the names of God
shalom bayit/bayis
Shalom/shalom aleichem "Peace be upon you."
Shalosh Regalim
Shalosh Seudos/Shalosh-Seudos/shalosheudos (also spelled: shalushudis)
Shavuot/Shavuos
She'eno Yodea Lishol/she'eino yodeia lishol
She'ol/sheol
Shechinah/Shekhinah/shechina שְׁכִינָה
shechitah (ritual) slaughter
Shed/shed/shayd/shaid (pl. shaydim)
shefah/shefa
shefele
sheker
shem/sheim (pl. shemot/s) name
Shema/Shema Yisrael
Shemini Atzeret/Shmini Atzeres Shmini/Shemini ʿĂṣ́ereth | ʿĂṣ́ereṱ (lit. 'Eighth Day of Assembly') Jewish holiday immediately following Sukkot, marked by the prayer for rain and celebrating the conclusion of the Torah (weekly reading tradition where the final reading takes place on this holiday) שְׁמִינִי עֲצֶרֶת
shemirah/shmirah/shmira (pl. shmirot/s)
Shemirah/Shmirah/Shmira²
shemittah/shemita/shmita
Shemot/shemos
shep nachas
sheretz (pl. sheratzim)
Sheva Brachot/Brachos שֶׁבַע בְּרָכוֹת
Shevarim/shevarim
shevuah/shvuah/shvua (pl. shvuot/s)
sheyichye
sheʾifot/sheʾifos
shfihat damim/shfichas damim Shephikhath ḋâmim שְׁפִיכַת דָּמִים
shidduch (pl. shidduchim)
Shikchah/shikcha Shikheḥâh/Ṧikheḥâh שִׁכְחָה\שִּׁכְחָה
shiksa שִיקסעֶ
Shiluach hakan/ha'ken
shimush everything related to the servicing of a person or synagogue
Shira
Shisha Sidrei Mishnah
shivah
Shivas/Shivat Haminim
Shkiah short for Shkiat Hachamah
Shkias/Shkiat Hachamah
shl'mazel
shlach manos short for Mishloach Manos
shliach (pl. shluchim) shâliaḥ alt. spelling of shaliach שָלִיחַ
Shliach-Tzibbur/Shliach Tsibbur
Shloshim/shloshim
shmad
shmatte
Shmoneh Esreh/Shmonei Esrei שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה
shmooze/shmoozing
Shmura/shmura (matzah)
shmuess/shmuz
shnur/shnier (yiddish) daughter in law שׁנוּר
shochet (n) (pl. shochtim) person that slaughters animals for meat according to religious Jewish law; butcher; slaughterer
shogeg/shoggeg/shogeig (pl. shogegim)
Shomer Shabbos (pl. shomrei Shabbos)
shtender
shtiebl (pl. shtieblach)
shuk market(place) שׁוּק
shul synagogue
Shulchan Arukh/Aruch שֻׁלְחָן עָרוּך
Shulchan Orech/Oreich 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach שֻׁלְחָן עוֹרֵךְ
Shushan Purim
shutaf (pl. shutfim)
shutfos/shutfes
sicha (pl. sichos/t)
siddur (pl. siddurim)
sikkum (pl. sikumim)
siman (pl. simanim) sign
simanim 1. plural of siman; "The Simanim": the 14/15 orders of the Passover-Seder
simcha (pl. simchot/s) 1. happiness  2.
simchas hachaim joy of life
Simchas/Simchat Torah
sinas chinam
siyum (pl. siyumim) סִיוּם \ סִיוּמִים
Sod/sod 1.[Sod]  2. [sod] secret סוֹד
sof sof
sofer (pl. sofrim)
Sotah/sotah (pl. sotos/t) סוֹטָה \ סוֹטוֹת
Sukkot/Sukkos
Syog/S'yog ● 'Syog l'chochmah shtikah':
T'kyo/tekio
t'nai/tnai (pl. t'naim)
ta'am/taam
Ta'anis/Taanit Esther תַּעֲנִית אֶסְתֵּר
ta'anit/taanis (pl. taaneisim) (noun) fast(-day)
taavah (pl. taavot/s)
Tachanun/tachanun
tachrichim/tachrichin takhrikhim/takhrikhin burial shrouds תַּכְרִיכִים\תַּכְרִיכִין
tachus/tochus/tuches butt
tafkid purpose, function תַּפְקִיד
Taharah/taharah
tahor
takanah (pl. takanot/s)
Tallit/tallis (pl. taleitim/taleisim)
talmid (pl. talmidim) student
Talmud Bavli the Babylonian Talmud
Talmud Yerushalmi the Jerusalem Talmud
tam
tamei ṭâmēʾ (ritualistically or spiritually) impure טָמֵא
tamim
Tanakh/Tanach Tanakh the Hebrew Bible; acronym of Torah, Nevi'im, Ketuvim  (תּוֹרָה, נְבִיאִים, כְּתוּבִים) (Pentateuch, Prophets, and Writings) תַּנַ״ךְ‎
Tanchumim/tanchumin Tanḥumim/tanḥumin תַּנְחוּמִים\תַּנְחוּמִין
Tannah/Tanna (pl. Tannaim/Tannaïm) (Talmudic) Sage
tashlumim/tashlumin tashlumim/tashlumin reimbursement; financial compensation תַּשְׁלוּמִים\תַּשְׁלוּמִין
Techelet/techeles
Techiat Hametim/Techias Hamesim (techias hamesim) Teḥiẏath Haṁēthim/Haṁēṱim resurrecion of the dead תְּחִיַּת הַמֵּתִים
tefach/tefah (pl. tefachim) ṭephaḥ (biblical measurements) width of the palm of an adult hand; handbreadth טֶפַח
tefillah (pl. tefillot/s)
Tefillin/tefillin
Tehillim
teivah
Temani/Teymani/Teimani (pl. Temanim) (Hebrew) Yemenite person
Terua/terua
Terumah/terumah (pl. terumot/s)
terumos/maasros
Teshuvah/teshuvah
Tevilah/tevillah/tvilah (pl. tvilot/s)
tichel (pl. tichelach)
Tiferet/Tipheret/Tiferes Tiphereth/Tiphereṱ one of the 10 Sefirot  (emanations of God) in kabbalistic tradition representing harmony and compassion תִּפְאֶרֶת
tikkun (pl. tikkunim)
Tikun/Tikkun Ha'olam/Ha'Olam/Tikkun Olam
Tishah/Tisha b'Av תִּשְׁעָה בְּאָב
Tochacha
tohu v'vohu
Torah Torâh 1. the Pentateuch; first five books of the Jewish Bible  2. the (entire) Jewish Bible; Tanakh (in Christianity: the Old Testament)  3. (in Orthodox Judaism) all of Jewish religious law, including the Talmud תּוֹרָה
treif
tza'ar/tsa'ar/tsaar/tzaar pain, suffering
Tsa'ar ba'alei chaim
Tsarot/tsaros (pl. of tsarah) troubles; afflictions
Tzeis/Tset Hakochavim
Tu b'Sh'vat/Tu Bishvat
tumah (ritualistic or spiritual) impureness
Tumat Met/Tumas Meis
Tzaddik/tsaddik (pl. tzaddikim)
Tzadeket/tsadekes (pl. tzadikot/s) צַדֶּקֶת \ צַדִּיקוֹת
Tzadokim (=Zadokim) Saduccees
tzafon/tsafon (the) north
Tzafun/Tsafun 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach צָפוּן
tzara'at/tzara'as/tsaraas
Tzedakah pushke
Tzedakah/tzedakah//tzedaka
tzedek tzedek tirdof
Tzelem Elohim/Tselem Elohim
Tzeva'os one of the names of God
tzibbur צִבּוּר
Tzitz/Tzits Ṣiṣ Priestly headplate; one of the 8 Bigdei Kehuna  that the High Priest wore during Temple services צִיץ
Tzitzit/tzitzis צִיצִית
tziyun
Tzur/Zur Yisrael
umos/umot ha'olam
Urim v'Tumim
Ushpizin/ushpizin
vach nacht
Vayikrah
venahafoch hu/venahapoch hu w̠enahaphokh hu (lit. "and it was turned around"), quote from Megillat Esther, used to urge people to behave abnormally on the festival of Purim וְנַהֲפוֹךְ הוּא
Viduy
vort (pl. vertlech) 1. (lit.) word ● "a gut vort" (lit.: a good word); aphorism  2. synonym of dvar Torah
Yachatz 1 of the 14/15 Simanim of Pesach יַחַץ
Yah one of the names of God
Yahrtzeit/yahrtzeit/yohrtseyt/yortseit anniversary of a person's death
yarmulkah/yarmulka/yarmulke/yamaka
yasom (pl. yasomim) male orphan
yasomah/yesomah (pl. yesomot/s) female orphan
yayin wine
Yehovah/Jehovah (Yad Heh, Vav Heh) (one of) the holiest version(s) of God's* name (*the god of The Bible) יְהוָֹה
Yekke/yekke
Yemos/Yemot HaMashiach
yente
yerusha (pl. yerushot/s)
Yeshivah/yeshiva (pl. yeshivot/s)
Yeshivish/yeshivish
Yeshuat Hashem k'heref ayin יְשׁוּעַת ה׳ כְּהֶרֶף עָיִן
yesod (pl. yesodos/t) 1. foundation (e.g. of a building)  2. basis of a person's belief/convictions; foundational argument; foundational point  3. Yesod: one of the ten Sefirot  (emanations of God) in the Tree of Life in Kabbalah, representing the fundamental principles of existence and the underlying structure of the universe יְסוֹד
Yetser Hora/yetzer hora bad inclination
Yetzer Tov/yetzer tov good inclination
Yetzias/Yetziat Mitzrayim
yevamah (pl. yevamot/s)
Yevanim 'the Yevanim' = the Greek (normally referring to the Seleucids during the Second Temple period)
Yibum/yibum יבום
yichus yiḥus lineage, ancestry יִחוּס
Yiddishkeit
Yisrael (the Land of) Israel; the people (of) Israel (i.e. Jewish people)
yissurim
Yizkor
Yom HaDin lit. 'Day of Judgement'; alternative name of Yom Kippur
Yom HaShoah
Yom Kippur
Yom Tov/Yom-Tov/yom-tov/yomtov/YomTov (also spelled: yontif/yontiff/yuntiff) YomṬoḇ (pl. Yamim-Tovim)(lit. good day) (most) Jewish holiday(s) ● "Gut Yomtov", "Good Yom-Tov": 'Have a good yomtov.'
Yosef shpiel
Yovel
Yud-Gimmel Middot/Middos
zachar (pl. zecharim)
Zadokim Saduccees
zechut/zchus (pl. zechusim) (the) merit
zemirot/zmiros
Zimmun/zimmun
zivug (pl. zivugim)
zivug sheini
zman 1. time  2. period of time (pl. zmanim)
znut/znus adultery זְנוּת
zonah/zoneh (pl. zonos/t) adulteress
zonein (pl. zonenim) adulterer

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Tanakh (Hebrew Bible).
  • Babylonian Mishna.
  • Jerusalem Mishna.
  • Babylonian Talmud.
  • Jerusalem Talmud.
  • "hebrew-academy.org.il". hebrew-academy.org.il. Academy of the Hebrew Language. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  • Klein, Ernest, ed. (January 1987) [October 1965]. "A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary Of The Hebrew Language For Readers Of English". Klein Dictionary. Carta Jerusalem. ISBN 965-220-093-X.
  • "yiddish.english-dictionary.help". english-dictionary.help. BD WORD. Retrieved May 29, 2024.
  • "yiddishwordoftheweek.tumblr.com". tumblr.com. Retrieved May 29, 2024.

References

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