Jump to content

Draft:List of Toki Pona words

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of words in Toki Pona, a philosophical artistic constructed language. These common words are always written in lowercase; capital letters are used only for proper names, such as the names of people.[1][2]

A few Toki Pona words are grammatical particles that are required to indicate sentence structure. The rest are content words with broad lexical meanings. Content words do not fall into well defined parts of speech; rather, they may be used generally as nouns, verbs, modifiers, or interjections depending on context or their position in a phrase. For example, ona li moku may mean "they ate" or "it is food".[1][3]

In Toki Pona: The Language of Good, language creator Sonja Lang presents around 120 words (referred to as nimi pu), while the later Toki Pona Dictionary lists 137 "essential" words and a number of less-used ones (referred to as nimi ku).[a] While there are many other words in the language, they are mostly archaic or otherwise used by very few speakers.

Toki Pona word English meaning sitelen pona sitelen sitelen
a interjection a in sitelen pona
akesi lizard or reptile akesi in sitelen pona
ala no, not, zero ala in sitelen pona
alasa hunt alasa in sitelen pona
ale all, 100 ale in sitelen pona
ali
anpa down, lowly anpa in sitelen pona
ante different, other ante in sitelen pona
anu or anu in sitelen pona
apeja (uncommon) shame, guilt apeja in sitelen pona
awen enduring, wait, continue awen in sitelen pona
e direct object marker e in sitelen pona
en and (only used between multiple subjects) en in sitelen pona
epiku (humorous) epic epiku in sitelen pona
esun market, trade esun in sitelen pona
ijo thing, object, matter ijo in sitelen pona
ike bad, superfluous ike in sitelen pona
iki (archaic, obscure) he, she, it, they[citation needed]
ilo tool, device ilo in sitelen pona
insa inside, stomach insa in sitelen pona
jaki dirty, disgusting jaki in sitelen pona
jan person, human jan in sitelen pona
jasima (uncommon) reflection, mirror jasima in sitelen pona
jelo yellow, light green jelo in sitelen pona
jo have, hold jo in sitelen pona
kala fish, sea creature kala in sitelen pona
kalama sound, noise, recite kalama in sitelen pona
kama come, become kama in sitelen pona
kan (archaic, obscure) with, together
kapa (archaic, obscure) bump, hill[citation needed]
kapesi (rare) brown, grey
kasi plant kasi in sitelen pona
ken can, possible ken in sitelen pona
kepeken using kepeken in sitelen pona
kijetesantakalu raccoon kijetesantakalu in sitelen pona
kili fruit, vegetable kili in sitelen pona
kin also, too kin in sitelen pona
kipisi cut, divide, part kipisi in sitelen pona
kiwen hard, solid, stone kiwen in sitelen pona
ko paste, powder ko in sitelen pona
kokosila (uncommon, humorous) speak another language when Toki Pona would be more appropriate kokosila in sitelen pona
kon air, spirit kon in sitelen pona
ku relating to Toki Pona Dictionary ku in sitelen pona
kule color, painted kule in sitelen pona
kulupu group, community kulupu in sitelen pona
kute ear, hear, listen, obey kute in sitelen pona
la (context phrase marker) la in sitelen pona
lanpan grab, seize, steal lanpan in sitelen pona
lape sleep, rest lape in sitelen pona
laso blue, green laso in sitelen pona
lawa head, mind, control, lead lawa in sitelen pona
leko block, square leko in sitelen pona
len cloth, clothing, cover, privacy len in sitelen pona
lete cold, cool, raw lete in sitelen pona
li (predicate marker) li in sitelen pona
lili small, little, young lili in sitelen pona
linja line, string, hair linja in sitelen pona
lipu flat object, paper, document lipu in sitelen pona
loje red loje in sitelen pona
lon at, in, on, real, true, exist lon in sitelen pona
luka hand, arm, five luka in sitelen pona
lukin eye, see, look at, try lukin in sitelen pona
lupa hole, door, orifice, window lupa in sitelen pona
ma land, earth, country ma in sitelen pona
mama parent, ancestor, creator, caretaker mama in sitelen pona
mani money, wealth, cattle mani in sitelen pona
meli woman, female, feminine, wife meli in sitelen pona
meso average, medium meso in sitelen pona
mi I, me, we, us mi in sitelen pona
mije man, male, masculine, husband mije in sitelen pona
misikeke medicine, cure misikeke in sitelen pona
moku eat, consume, food moku in sitelen pona
moli dead, die, death, kill moli in sitelen pona
monsi back, rear monsi in sitelen pona
monsuta monster, fear, danger, scary monsuta in sitelen pona
mu animal onomotopeia (moo, meow, etc.) mu in sitelen pona
mun moon, night sky object mu in sitelen pona
musi fun, playing, game, recreation, art, entertainment musi in sitelen pona
mute many, very, much, several, a lot, abundant, numerous, more mute in sitelen pona
n um, hmm n in sitelen pona
namako extra, additional, spice, season, embellish namako in sitelen pona
namako in sitelen pona
nanpa number, ordinal indicator nanpa in sitelen pona
nasa strange, silly, drunk, (nonstandard, proscribed) foolish, crazy nasa in sitelen pona
nasin way, manner, custom, road, path, doctrine, system, method nasin in sitelen pona
nena bump, hill, mountain, button, nose nena in sitelen pona
ni this, that ni in sitelen pona
nimi word, name nimi in sitelen pona
noka leg, foot, organ of locomotion; base noka in sitelen pona
o O! (vocative or imperative) o in sitelen pona
oko eye oko in sitelen pona
olin love, respect olin in sitelen pona
ona he, she, it, they ona in sitelen pona
open open, begin open in sitelen pona
pakala blunder, accident, mistake, destruction, damage, break pakala in sitelen pona
pali make, activity, work, deed, project pali in sitelen pona
palisa long hard object (e.g. rod, stick, branch) palisa in sitelen pona
pan grain, cereal; bread, pasta pan in sitelen pona
pana give, put, send, place, release, emit pana in sitelen pona
pasila (archaic, obscure) easy[citation needed]
pata (archaic, obscure) sibling
pi (modifier phrase marker) pi in sitelen pona
pilin feelings, emotion, heart pilin in sitelen pona
pimeja black, dark, shadow pimeja in sitelen pona
pini end, finish, stop, past pini in sitelen pona
pipi bug, insect pipi in sitelen pona
po (archaic, obscure) four
poka side, hip, next to, vicinity poka in sitelen pona
poki container, box, bowl poki in sitelen pona
pona good, simple, useful pona in sitelen pona
powe (uncommon) false, fake, deceptive
pu relating to Toki Pona: The Language of Good pu in sitelen pona
sama same, similar, equal, like sama in sitelen pona
seli fire, warmth, heat seli in sitelen pona
selo outside, surface, skin, boundary selo in sitelen pona
seme what, which seme in sitelen pona
sewi high, up, above, sacred sewi in sitelen pona
sijelo body, physical state, torso sijelo in sitelen pona
sike circle, wheel, ball, year sike in sitelen pona
sin new, fresh, another sin in sitelen pona
sina you sina in sitelen pona
sinpin front, wall, chest, face sinpin in sitelen pona
sitelen picture, image, write, draw sitelen in sitelen pona
soko mushroom, fungus soko in sitelen pona
sona know, information, wisdom sona in sitelen pona
soweli animal, (especially) land mammal soweli in sitelen pona
suli big, tall, long, important, adult suli in sitelen pona
suno sun, light suno in sitelen pona
supa horizontal supporting surface, platform, furniture, table, chair supa in sitelen pona
suwi sweet, cute, sugar suwi in sitelen pona
tan from, because of, cause tan in sitelen pona
taso but, only taso in sitelen pona
tawa to, for, move, go tawa in sitelen pona
telo water, liquid, wet, wash, beverage telo in sitelen pona
tenpo time, moment, period, situation tenpo in sitelen pona
toki say, speech, language toki in sitelen pona
tomo house, building, room tomo in sitelen pona
tonsi non-binary tonsi in sitelen pona
tu two, halve tu in sitelen pona
tuli (archaic, obscure) three
unpa sex, sexual unpa in sitelen pona
unu (rare) purple
uta mouth, lips, jaw, oral uta in sitelen pona
utala conflict, battle, fight, compete utala in sitelen pona
walo white, light-colored walo in sitelen pona
wan one, unique, unite wan in sitelen pona
waso bird, winged animal waso in sitelen pona
wawa strong, power, energy wawa in sitelen pona
weka away, absent, missing weka in sitelen pona
wile want, need, desire, must wile in sitelen pona

Notes

[edit]

[d]

  1. ^ Prior to the publication of Toki Pona: The Language of Good, the language grew to 118 words.[4] Between then and the publication of Toki Pona Dictionary, varying counts were given for the number of words in the former (nimi pu, lit. "words of Toki Pona: The Language of Good"), ranging between 120 and 125.[1][5][6] The Toki Pona Dictionary added 16 new "essential" words (nimi ku suli, lit. "important Dictionary words"),[7] and states on its back cover that there are a total of 137.[8] It also includes several less-used words (nimi ku pi suli ala, lit. "non-important Dictionary words").[7]
  2. ^ When writing in Toki Pona, capital letters are used only for proper names, such as the names of people.[1][2]
  3. ^ toki as a noun has meanings including 'language', 'talk', and 'communication'.[13] pona as an adjective has meanings including 'good', 'peaceful', and 'simple'.[13]
  4. ^ [1] Both its sound inventory and phonotactics are compatible with the majority of human languages, and are therefore readily accessible.[9] One of the language's main goals is a focus on minimalism. It is designed to express maximal meaning with minimal complexity.[2] Like a pidgin, it focuses on simple concepts and elements that are near-universal among cultures. It has a minimal vocabulary and 14 phonemes devised to be easy to pronounce for speakers of various language backgrounds.[10][1][6] [9][11] Lang also released a supplementary dictionary, the Toki Pona Dictionary, in July 2021, describing the language as used by its community of speakers. After its initial creation, a small community of speakers developed in the early 2000s.[6][12] While activity mainly takes place online in chat rooms, on social media, and in other online groups, there have been a few organized in-person meetings.[1] Toki Pona (rendered as toki pona[b] and often translated as 'the language of good';[c] IPA: [ˈtoki ˈpona] (listen); English: /ˈtki ˈpnə/) is a philosophical artistic constructed language known for its small vocabulary, simplicity, and ease of acquisition.[10] It was created by Sonja Lang, a Canadian linguist and translator,[10][6] to simplify her thoughts and communication. The first drafts were published online in 2001,[1] while the complete form was published in the 2014 book Toki Pona: The Language of Good.[9][11] Lang also released a supplementary dictionary, the Toki Pona Dictionary, in July 2021, describing the language as used by its community of speakers.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Blahuš, Marek (November 2011). Fiedler, Sabine (ed.). "Toki Pona: eine minimalistische Plansprache" [Toki Pona: A Minimalistic Planned Language] (PDF). Interlinguistische Informationen (in German). 18. Berlin: 51–55. ISSN 1432-3567. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-06-27. Retrieved 2019-01-08.
  2. ^ a b c Rogers, Steven D. (2011). "Part I: Made-Up Languages – Toki pona". A Dictionary of Made-Up Languages. United States of America: Adams Media. ISBN 978-1440528170.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference tomaszewski-2012a was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ "Classic Word List (Improved!)". tokipona.net. Archived from the original on 2018-10-30. Retrieved 2019-01-07.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference morin-2015b was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b c d Roberts, Siobhan (2007-07-09). "Canadian has people talking about lingo she created". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on 2017-03-12. Retrieved 2017-03-10.
  7. ^ a b Lang 2021, p. 22–23.
  8. ^ Lang 2021, back cover.
  9. ^ a b c Thomas, Simon (2018-03-27). "Exploring Toki Pona: do we need more than 120 words?". Oxford Dictionaries. Archived from the original on 2019-05-11. Retrieved 2019-02-03.
  10. ^ a b c Morin, Roc (2015-07-15). "How to Say (Almost) Everything in a Hundred-Word Language". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on 2022-07-12. Retrieved 2019-08-01.
  11. ^ a b Lang 2014, p. 134.
  12. ^ Јовановић, Тијана (Tijana Jovanović) (2006-12-15). "Вештачки језици (Veštački jezici)" [Artificial languages]. Политикин Забавник (Politikin Zabavnik) (in Serbian) (2862). Archived from the original on 2007-06-10.
  13. ^ a b Lang 2014, p. 125–134.

Publications

[edit]