Draft:List of cityhood plebiscites in the Philippines

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The following is a list of plebiscites held in the Philippines which proposed the conversion of municipalities in the country into cities.

Summary[edit]

Date Municipality Province[a] Charter Became a city? Ref.
November 14, 1961 Caloocan Rizal[b] Republic Act No. 3278 Yes [1]
June 19, 1965 Laoag Ilocos Norte Republic Act No. 4584 Yes [2][3]
November 9, 1965 Batangas (Laurel) Batangas Republic Act No. 4586 No [4]
December 1965 General Santos (Rajah Buayan) Cotabato Republic Act No. 4413 Yes, but later reversed [5]
November 11, 1969 Tarlac Tarlac Republic Act No. 8487 No
April 10, 1994 Mandaluyong Metro Manila Republic Act No. 7675 Yes [6]
January 21, 1995 Pasig Metro Manila Republic Act No. 7829 Yes [7]
March 14, 1998 Ilagan Isabela Republic Act No. 8474 No [8][9]
April 25, 1998[c] Taguig Metro Manila Republic Act No. 5907 Yes [10]
March 30, 2001 Meycauayan Bulacan Republic Act No. 9021 No [11][12]
December 10, 2006 Meycauayan Bulacan Republic Act No. 9356 Yes [13]

[14]

July 28, 2007 Cabadbaran Agusan del Norte Republic Act No. 9434 Yes
September 2, 2007 Naga Cebu Republic Act No. 9491 Yes
October 15, 2009 Dasmariñas Cavite Republic Act No. 9723 Yes
February 2, 2010 Biñan Laguna Republic Act No. 9740 Yes
June 23, 2012 Bacoor Cavite Republic Act No. 10160 Yes
June 30, 2012 Imus Cavite Republic Act No. 10161 Yes
July 21, 2012 Mabalacat Pampanga Republic Act No. 10164 Yes [15]
August 4, 2012 Cabuyao Laguna Republic Act No. 10163 Yes
August 11, 2012 Ilagan Isabela Republic Act No. 10169 Yes
December 28, 2013 San Pedro Laguna Republic Act No. 10420 Yes
December 13, 2015 General Trias Cavite Republic Act No. 10675 Yes
September 7, 2019 Santo Tomas Batangas Republic Act No. 11086 Yes
July 30, 2022 Baliwag Bulacan Republic Act No. 11929 Yes [16][17]
September 3, 2022 Calaca Batangas Republic Act No. 11544 Yes [18]
July 8, 2023 Carmona Cavite Republic Act No. 11938 Yes [19][20]

Plebiscite results[edit]

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Metro Manila (National Capital Region)[edit]

Cities through plebiscite: Caloocan, Taguig
Cities created with no plebiscite: Manila
Remaining municipalities: Pateros

Taguig[edit]

Taguig cityhood plebiscite
(April 25, 1998)
Choice Votes %
Referendum passed Yes 21,105 51.18
No 19,460 47.19
Valid votes 40,565 98.37
Invalid or blank votes 672 1.63
Total votes 41,237 100.00
Source: Cayetano vs COMELEC, et. al. Supreme Court – via Chan Robles Virtual Library

Central Luzon (Region III)[edit]

Bulacan[edit]

Baliwag[edit]
Baliwag cityhood plebiscite
(July 30, 2022)
Choice Votes %
Referendum passed Yes 17,814 75.75
No 5,702 24.25
Valid votes 23,516 99.8%
Invalid or blank votes 46 0.2%
Total votes 23,562 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 108,572 21.7%
Source: Press statement from the COMELEC . news article from CNN Philippines
Meycuayan[edit]
Meycuayan cityhood plebiscite
(March 30, 2001)
Choice Votes %
Referendum failed No 14,788 64.58
Yes 8,109 35.42
Total votes 22,897 100.00
Source: news article from The Philippine Star
Meycuayan cityhood plebiscite
(December 10, 2006)
Choice Votes %
Referendum passed Yes 8,247 59.01
No 5,728 40.99
Total votes 13,975 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 118,339 11.81
Source: news article from The Philippine Star

Calabarzon (Region IV-A)[edit]

Cavite[edit]

Carmona[edit]
Carmona cityhood plebiscite
(July 8, 2023)
Choice Votes %
Referendum passed Yes 30,363 95.98
No 1,016 3.21
Valid votes 31,379 99.2%
Invalid or blank votes 253 0.8%
Total votes 31,632 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 58,691[21] 56.8%
Source: Plebiscite result from COMELEC via GMA News[22]

Batangas[edit]

Calaca[edit]
Calaca cityhood plebiscite
(September 3, 2022)
Choice Votes %
Referendum passed Yes 29,424 88.61
No 3,781 11.39
Valid votes 33,205 100%
Invalid or blank votes 0 0%
Total votes 33,205 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 58,881 56.39%
Source: Press statement from the COMELEC via Twitter; news article from Manila Bulletin

Soccsksargen (Region XI)[edit]

South Cotabato[edit]

General Santos[edit]
General Santos cityhood plebiscite
(December 1965)
Choice Votes %
Referendum passed Yes 4,422 59.05
No 3,066 40.95
Total votes 7,488 100.00
Registered voters/turnout 15,727 47.61
Source: Leyva and Santiago vs COMELEC, et. al. – Supreme Court via The LawPhil Project

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Includes Metro Manila, which is not a province
  2. ^ Now part of Metro Manila
  3. ^ The results of the plebiscite were legally contested. A recount was made concluding that most voters actually voted "yes". The cityhood of Taguig became effective in 2004.[10]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Proclamation No. 9, s. 1962". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 14 February 1962. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  2. ^ Arzadon, Cristina (25 June 2007). "Batac is Ilocos Norte's second city". Philippine Information Agency. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  3. ^ "June 20 declared as special non-working holiday in Laoag City". Philippine Information Agency. 9 June 2022. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  4. ^ "Republic Act No. 4586 – An Act Creating Laurel City". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. June 19, 1965. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  5. ^ "G.R. No. L-25469". The LawPhil Project. October 29, 1966. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
  6. ^ Garcia, Patrick (9 February 2022). "Mandaluyong celebrates 77th Liberation Day, 28th Cityhood Anniversary". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  7. ^ "Pasig celebrates 448th year with theme 'Araw ng Pag-asa'". Philippine Information Agency. 2 July 2021. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  8. ^ Vanzi, Sol Jose. "DAILY NEWS ASIA: Hometown News". Newsflash. Archived from the original on 28 January 2019.
  9. ^ "Proclamation No. 1175, s. 1998". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 9 March 1998. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  10. ^ a b "Taguig cityhood prevails". The Philippine Star. 9 May 2004. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  11. ^ "Proclamation No. 22, s. 2001". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. 28 March 2001. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  12. ^ Balabo, Dino (10 December 2006). "Meycauayan bids for cityhood". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  13. ^ "Meycauayan bids for cityhood". The Philippine Star. Retrieved December 10, 2006.
  14. ^ Balabo, Dino (12 December 2006). "Bulacan now has 3 cities". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
  15. ^ Cervantes, Ding (23 July 2012). "Mabalacat now officially Pampanga's 3rd city". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  16. ^ "Baliwag town now a component city of Bulacan — Comelec". CNN Philippines. December 18, 2022. Retrieved December 18, 2022.
  17. ^ "Baliwag, Bulacan residents vote to convert their town into city". Rappler. December 17, 2022. Retrieved December 18, 2022.
  18. ^ "Calaca is now the 5th city of Batangas". Rappler. September 4, 2022. Retrieved September 4, 2022.
  19. ^ Tamayo, Bernadette E. (2023-01-30). "Senate approves bill converting Carmona into a city". The Manila Times. Retrieved 2023-01-31.
  20. ^ "Carmona's cityhood plebiscite set July 8". Manila Standard. March 27, 2023. Retrieved March 30, 2023.
  21. ^ Sevillano, Stephanie (July 4, 2023). "Over 58K voters set to join plebiscite on Carmona's cityhood". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved July 8, 2023.
  22. ^ Santos, Jamil (July 8, 2023). "Carmona, Cavite cityhood wins in plebiscite". GMA News. Retrieved July 8, 2023.

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