Draft:Prataprudra's campaign against Ambadeva
| Battle of Upparapalli | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Prataparudra's Campaigns | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
| Kakatiya Dynasty | Delhi Sultanate | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Vennama Potuganti Malli |
Malik Fakhruddin Juna Malik Jhaju | ||||||
Background
[edit]The first expedition that Sultan Alauddin Khalji dispatched to the South after ascending to the throne of Delhi ended in failure, a fact largely overlooked by most Muslim historians. Those who do mention it, such as Barani, do so only briefly, as it does little to glorify the armies of Islam. Barani, the only historian to give even a brief account, refers to it not to highlight the defeat itself but rather to explain why the Mongol chief Targhi was able to march toward Delhi without resistance. According to Barani, during this time, Sultan Alauddin was preoccupied with the siege of Chittorgarh. Simultaneously, Malik Fakhr-ud-Din Juna and Malik Jhaju of Kara, the nephew of Nusrat Khan, had been sent with a large force from Hindustan on a campaign against Warangal.[1]
Battle
[edit]The army under the command of Malik Fakhr-ud-Din Juna (later Sultan Muhammad bin Tughlaq) and Jhaju of Kara is believed to have marched south by way of Bengal, facing disaster midway. While the heavy rains may have delayed their progress, it is more plausible that the army reached Tiling and was decisively defeated in battle. The Velama chiefs' chronicles, recorded in the Velugotivari-Vanshavali, mention a significant victory over the Muslim invaders from Delhi prior to the arrival of Malik Kafur. Potuganti Malli, a Nayak under Prataparudra, claimed to have crushed the pride of the Turushkas (Muslim invaders) near Upparapalli in the Karimnagar district. Malli later visited the court of Alauddin in Delhi, confirming that he had defeated the forces under Malik Fakhr-ud-Din. Another key figure in this victory was Venna, son of Recherla Prasaditya, one of Queen Rudramma's ministers, who also played a major role in repelling the invaders at Upparapalli. This battle took place near Warangal, where the Delhi army suffered a crushing defeat and was forced to retreat. Thwarted by this defeat, Alauddin had no choice but to delay his ambitions for the south, awaiting a future opportunity to strike.[2][3][4][5][6]
Aftermath
[edit]Seven years after Alauddin Khalji's forces first attempted to invade Warangal, a second and more formidable invasion was launched under the command of Malik Kafur. In this campaign, the Kakatiya ruler Prataparudra faced a devastating defeat. Despite offering strong resistance, Prataparudra was ultimately forced to capitulate. To secure peace and avoid further destruction of his kingdom, he had to pay a massive ransom, including wealth, jewels, and elephants, as tribute to Alauddin. This marked a significant turning point for the Kakatiya dynasty, as Prataparudra was compelled to acknowledge the supremacy of the Delhi Sultanate, while Malik Kafur returned to Delhi with enormous plunder, further strengthening Alauddin's hold over the Deccan.[7]
References
[edit]- ^ Venkataramanyya, N. (1942). The Early Muslim Expansion In South India. p. 23.
- ^ Ph.D, M. Jankiraman (2020-11-03). Perspectives in Indian History: From the Origins to AD 1857. Notion Press. ISBN 978-1-64983-995-4.
- ^ Majumdar R.c. (1960). The Delhi Sultanate. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan Bombay. p. 25-26.
- ^ THE SULTANATE OF DELHI BY LAL SRIVASTAVA. p. 166.
- ^ Peter Jackson (April 1999). The Delhi Sultanate A Political And Military History ( Cambridge Studies In Islamic Civilization ). p. 201.
- ^ Dr.V.Yashoda Devi (1975). After The Kakatiyas. p. 3.
- ^ Talbot, Cynthia (2001). Precolonial India in Practice: Society, Region, and Identity in Medieval Andhra. Oxford University Press. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-19-513661-6.