Draft:Wang Chengshu

• Comment: She appears to be notable. However, the article is not correctly formatted as a scientific biography. It also has references in Chinese, which need to be translated. Please revise, I am then sure it will be accepted. Ldm1954 (talk) 02:30, 13 April 2024 (UTC)

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Wang Chengshu was a Chinese physicist known for her work on the kinetic theory of gas molecules and for separation of uranium isotopes.

Early life and education

Chengshu was born on June 26, 1912. She graduated from Yenching University in 1934. She received her master's degree from Yenching University in 1936, and earned her doctorate from the University of Michigan in 1944.

Career

Chengshu returned to China in 1956 where she worked at the Theoretical Research Department of the Institute of Modern Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and a professor at Peking University.

In 1958, she was transferred to the thermonuclear fusion Laboratory of the Institute of Atomic Energy to do theoretical work.

In 1959, she was assigned to the Soviet Atomic Energy Research Institute for three months.

From 1961 to 1965, she was a researcher and deputy Director of the Uranium Isotope Separation Laboratory of the Institute of Atomic Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

From 1965 to 1978, she served as a researcher and deputy director of North China 605 Institute, a researcher of the Third Research Institute of the Second Ministry of Machinery Industry, deputy director of the Revolutionary Committee, and chief designer of large gas diffuser.

In 1978, she served as a researcher of the Ministry of Nuclear Industry, Chief Engineer of the Bureau of Science and Technology, Standing Committee Member of the Ministry of Science and Technology Committee and senior Advisor.

Research

During her time in the United States, Wang Chengshu mainly engaged in the study of kinetic theory of gas molecules.

In 1948, Wang Chengshu discovered important errors in Burnett's results in the first edition of Chapman and T. G. Cowling's mechanical classic The Mathematical Theory of Non-Uniform Gases. She later published several important papers that were at the forefront of the world in this field. She was the first to discover the eigen value theory for solving the Boltzmann equation, and developed the generalized Boltzmann equation for polyatomic gases, the "WCV" equation.

In 1958, the Institute of Modern Physics assigned Wang Chengshu eight newly graduated students from Peking University and asked them to teach the theory of uranium isotope separation. She referred to the theoretical works of the American scholar K. Cohen, and talked while learning, and often warned students to combine theory with practice. She pioneered and laid the foundation for the research of controlled nuclear fusion reactions and plasma physics in China.

After 1961, Wang Chengshu went to the Atomic Energy Research Institute incognito to do uranium isotope separation work, and solved major issues such as purification cascade calculation, steady state and dynamic calculation of cascade.

In 1964, the state issued the task of developing a large diffusion machine, Wang Chengshu accepted the responsibility of the chief designer, and personally participated in the selection of physical parameters. This is a large diffusion machine completely designed and manufactured by China, and Premier Zhou Enlai has twice instructed to speed up development and finalization. However, due to the influence of the "Cultural Revolution", the design of the aircraft was not finalized until the late 1970s.

This may be useful:https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%89%BF%E4%B9%A6 [1]

Death

Chengshu died on June 18, 1994.

Selected publications

• Kinetic theory of gases

Honors and awards

Chengshu was elected to the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.