Elihan Tore
Elihan Tore | |
|---|---|
 | |
| President of the East Turkestan Republic | |
| In office 12 November 1944 – 16 June 1946 | |
| Preceded by | Republic established |
| Succeeded by | Ehmetjan Qasim (as President of the Ili District Council)[1][2][3][4] |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 21 March 1884 Tokmok, Russian Turkestan, Russian Empire (modern day Kyrgyzstan) |
| Died | 28 February 1976 (age 91) Tashkent, Uzbek SSR, Soviet Union (modern day Uzbekistan) |
| Profession | Politician, poet, scholar |
| Military service | |
| Rank | Marshal of National Army |
Elihan Tore (Uyghur: ئەلىخان تۆرە; Chinese: 艾力汗·吐烈; 21 March 1884 – 28 February 1976) was the president of the Second East Turkestan Republic. He was born in Tokmok, Kyrgyzstan, and in 1920 he fled from the Soviet Union to Kashgar in Xinjiang, China. In April 1944, Tore, eleven other Turkic leaders formed a separatist organization in Ghulja (Yining) to end Chinese Nationalist rule and establish an independent East Turkestan.[5] On 11 November 1944, they launched the Ili Rebellion with the support of the Soviet Union.[5]
Biography
[edit]Elihan Tore was elected as president of the Second East Turkestan Republic (ETR) the day after a successful rebellion in Ghulja on 12 November 1944. He held the military rank of marshal in the East Turkestan National Army, formed on 8 April 1945.[citation needed]
Tore was the only person in the ETR leadership who opposed Joseph Stalin's order to terminate hostilities with the Chinese Nationalists and start negotiations in October 1945.[citation needed]
On 16 June 1946, six days after signing a peace agreement between the ETR and Chinese Nationalists, Tore was forcibly returned to the Soviet Union by the KGB and confined there. He spent the rest of his life under house arrest in Tashkent, where he wrote a book about Xinjiang titled Türkistan kaygısı ("Turkistan Tragedy").[citation needed]
Works
[edit]- Türkistan kaygısı, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, East Publishing House, 2003
- Tarihiy Muhammadiy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Publisher: Kutlukkhan Shakirov
- Drifter Saghuniy
External links
[edit]- Alikhan Tura and the Uyghur People.
- Meshrep Calendar Article at the Wayback Machine (archived 2006-01-18).
- Elihan Tore in issue 1 of the Islamic Turkistan.
References
[edit]- ^ 王柯 (15 January 2013). 《東突厥斯坦獨立運動: 1930年代至1940年代》. 香港中文大學出版社. p. 第331頁. ISBN 978-962-996-500-6.
- ^ 劉學銚，新疆史論，知書房，2013年2月，ISBN 978-986-5870-51-5，第192頁
- ^ 王柯，《東突厥斯坦獨立運動: 1930年代至1940年代》，香港中文大學出版社，2013年，ISBN 978-962-996-500-6，第158頁
- ^ 杜榮坤、紀大椿、任一飛、劉文遠，新疆三區革命史鑑，中國社會科學出版社，第161頁
- ^ a b (Chinese) 动荡之源：新疆三区革命的国际背景 《西域研究》 2013 No. 3 Archived 30 August 2014 at archive.today 10 January 2014
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