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Güngören, Midyat

Coordinates: 37°19′08″N 41°33′22″E / 37.319°N 41.556°E / 37.319; 41.556
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Güngören
Neighbourhood
Güngören is located in Turkey
Güngören
Güngören
Location in Turkey
Coordinates: 37°19′08″N 41°33′22″E / 37.319°N 41.556°E / 37.319; 41.556
CountryTurkey
ProvinceMardin
DistrictMidyat
Population
 (2022)[1]
174
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)

Güngören (Kurdish: Keferb, Syriac: Kafarbe,[2][a] or Syriac: ܦܦܝܬ, romanized: Fifyāth)[4][b] is a village in the municipality and district of Midyat, Mardin Province in Turkey.[6] it is populated by Assyrians and by Kurds of the Dermemikan tribe.[7] The village had a population of 174 in 2022.[1] It is located in the historic region of Tur Abdin.[8]

In the village, there is a church of Mor Stephanos and Mor Yuhannon.[9]

Etymology

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The Syriac name of the village Kafarbe is derived from "kefr" ("village" in Syriac).[10]

History

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Kafarbe (today called Güngören) is attested in an inscription from AD 776/777 (AG 1088) at the nearby Mor Gabriel Monastery.[11] The inscription records the placement of a bread trough at the monastery by Isaiah of Fōfyāth, shawshbino (relative by sponsorship) of Mor Zechariah of ‘Ayn-Wardo, who had been a disciple of Mor Simeon of the Olives (d. 734).[11] An inscription at the Church of Mor Stephanos and Mor Yuhannon, dated to AD 779, indicates it was either built or extensively rebuilt in that year.[12] It has been suggested that much of the church's nave was likely rebuilt in 1465.[9] In the 18th century, the village was settled by Dermemikan Kurds from Doğubayazıt.[13]

In 1914, 200 Assyrians inhabited Kafarbe, according to the list presented to the Paris Peace Conference by the Assyro-Chaldean delegation.[14] They belonged to the Syriac Orthodox Church.[15] There were 40 Assyrian families in 1915.[16] Amidst the Sayfo, the Assyrians were warned by their Kurdish neighbours to flee and thus 70 Assyrian refugees fled to the nearby Mor Gabriel Monastery, and a Kurdish attack on the village in that year failed.[17] Kafarbe was attacked again in 1917 and most of the surviving villagers were killed.[18] The refugees remained at the monastery until the autumn of 1917, when they were captured following an assault on the monastery by Kurds of the Azzam clan led by Shandi.[19] They were taken to their own parish church where they were then murdered.[2] Only a few Assyrians survived the massacre as some had fled to ‘Ayn-Wardo.[20]

In 1922, Assyrian and Kurdish villagers of Kafarbe fought together to successfully expel the Kurds that had occupied the Mor Gabriel Monastery.[21] In the 1970s, the Assyrian and Kurdish villagers came into conflict with one another, which led the former to emigrate abroad to Germany and the Netherlands.[22] There were 8 Assyrian families at Kafarbe by 1987.[16]

Demography

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Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1985268—    
1990296+2.01%
1997268−1.41%
2007213−2.27%
2012190−2.26%
2017176−1.52%
2022174−0.23%
Source: 1985 census,[23] 1990 census,[24] 1997 census[25] and TÜIK (2007-2022)[1]

References

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Notes

  1. ^ Alternatively transliterated as Kafar Be, Kafarbē, Kafarbé, Keferbe, Keferbi, Kefr Beh, or Kfarbe.[3]
  2. ^ Alternatively transliterated as Fafah, Fafit, Fōfyāth, or Fofyat.[5]

Citations

  1. ^ a b c "Population Of Municipalities, Villages And Quarters". TÜIK. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
  2. ^ a b Gaunt (2006), p. 231.
  3. ^ Gaunt (2006), p. 231; Barsoum (2008), p. 15; Courtois (2013), p. 147; Sinclair (1989), p. 328; Palmer (1990), p. 259; Barsoum (2003), p. 559.
  4. ^ Carlson, Thomas A. (9 December 2016). "Fifyāth - ܦܦܝܬ". The Syriac Gazetteer. Retrieved 22 October 2024.
  5. ^ Barsoum (2008), p. 16; Courtois (2004), p. 226; Palmer (1990), pp. 163, 214–215.
  6. ^ "Türkiye Mülki İdare Bölümleri Envanteri". T.C. İçişleri Bakanlığı (in Turkish). Retrieved 19 December 2022.
  7. ^ Tan (2018), p. 132.
  8. ^ Barsoum (2008), p. 15.
  9. ^ a b Sinclair (1989), p. 328.
  10. ^ Keser Kayaalp (2021), p. 163.
  11. ^ a b Palmer (1990), pp. 163, 214–215.
  12. ^ Sinclair (1989), p. 438; Keser Kayaalp (2021), p. 186.
  13. ^ Tan (2018), p. 234.
  14. ^ Gaunt (2006), p. 427.
  15. ^ Jongerden & Verheij (2012), p. 322.
  16. ^ a b Courtois (2004), p. 226.
  17. ^ Gaunt (2006), pp. 231, 247; Brock (2012), p. 192; Çetinoğlu (2018), p. 186; Courtois (2004), p. 188.
  18. ^ Courtois (2004), p. 186; Çetinoğlu (2018), p. 186.
  19. ^ Gaunt (2006), pp. 231, 247; Çetinoğlu (2018), p. 186.
  20. ^ Gaunt (2006), pp. 202, 231.
  21. ^ Biner (2019), p. 134.
  22. ^ Courtois (2013), p. 147; Biner (2019), p. 134.
  23. ^ "1985 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1986. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 May 2021.
  24. ^ "1990 General Census" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1991. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 August 2021.
  25. ^ "1997 Population Count" (PDF) (in Turkish). Turkish Statistical Institute. 1999. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 October 2022.

Bibliography

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