Galactomyces reessii
| Galactomyces reessii | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Saccharomycetes |
| Order: | Saccharomycetales |
| Family: | Dipodascaceae |
| Genus: | Galactomyces |
| Species: | G. reessii
|
| Binomial name | |
| Galactomyces reessii (Van der Walt) Redhead & Malloch
| |
Galactomyces reessii is a yeast belonging to the genus Galactomyces.[1] It contains enzymes that dissolves pectin, converts 3-methylcrotonic acid to 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid, and removes phenol. It lives in soil and reproduces sexually and asexually.
It contains an enzyme that converts 3-methylcrotonic acid to 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid aka β-hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid. β-hydroxy β-methylbutyric acid (HMB) produced from Galactomyces reessii, was discovered to be beneficial to people engaging in resistance training. HMB is produced from the conversion of beta-methylbutyric acid (MBA). HMB is sensitive to oxygen levels and its ideal pH is 7.0.[2]
It can also have an enzyme that dissolves pectin. Galactomyces reesii was used in a study for its "propectin-solubilizing enzyme-producing". Its enzyme was purified using chromotography and isolated as a crystalline form. The enzyme is a glycoprotein and catalyzes the highly polymerized pectin release from protopectins. The enzyme also works as a catalyst for the depolymerization of pectic acid oligomers.[3]
Galactomyces reesii was studied as a treatment to remove the brown coloring from palm oil extraction's phenolic contamination. The Galactomyces reessii was taken from subterranean termites for this study and cultured. In this study it was found that the enzymes, laccase and manganese peroxidase worked to depolymerize lignin. It was found that Galactomyces reessii could work as a phenol removal strain. This study concluded that this information could be used to make more efficient wastewater treatment systems for the removal of phenol.[4]
Galactomyces reessii lives naturally in soil and on decaying vegetable matter. Galactomyces reessii does not consume D-mannitol. It cannot ferment glucose. There are two reproductive states for Galactomyces reessii: an asexual and a sexual form. The asexual form is called arthroconidia; and the sexual form is called ascomycetous.[1] Ascomycetous for Galactomyces reessii involves the creation of ascospores, which come from a fruit called ascocarp. These fruits are known to have hyphae with pores that include Woronin bodies. These bodies act as plugs when a trauma happens to the hyphal segments. In the asci, there are usually around eight ascospores. The ascospores could be single cellular or multicellular.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Galactomyces reessii". www.mycobank.org.
- ^ Dhar, A; Dhar, K; Rosazza, JPN (February 2002). "Purification and characterization of a Galactomyces reessii hydratase that converts 3-methylcrotonic acid to 3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid". Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology. 28 (2): 81–87. doi:10.1038/sj/jim/7000215. PMID 12074056.
- ^ Sakai, Takuo; Yoshitake, Shinobu (1984-08-01). "Purification and Some Properties of a Protopectin-solubilizing Enzyme from Galactomyces reessii Strain L †". Agricultural and Biological Chemistry. 48 (8): 1941–1950. doi:10.1080/00021369.1984.10866445. ISSN 0002-1369.
- ^ Chaijak, Pimprapa; Lertworapreecha, Monthon; Sukkasem, Chontisa (2018-01-02). "Phenol Removal from Palm Oil Mill Effluent Using Galactomyces reessii Termite-Associated Yeast". Polish Journal of Environmental Studies. 27 (1): 39–44. doi:10.15244/pjoes/75205. ISSN 1230-1485.
- ^ "Ascomycota". Mycology | University of Adelaide. Retrieved 2024-09-23.
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