Governors of Azerbaijan (Iran)
Appearance
There is an incomplete list of governors of Azerbaijan, a region in northwestern Iran.
Kings of Media Atropatene
[edit]- Atropates from 320s BC til an unknown date
- Artabazanes (flourished 3rd century BC) ruled in 221 BC or 220 BC, a contemporary of the Seleucid Greek King Antiochus III the Great. He is said to be a paternal grandson of the Persian King Darius II from his marriage to the daughter of Gobryas[1][2][3]
- Mithridates (100 BC – 66 BC), ruled from 67 BC to c. 66 BC who was father-in-law of the Armenian King Tigranes the Great[4]
- Darius I (c. 85 BC – c. 65 BC), ruled c. 65 BC[5]
- Ariobarzanes I (c. 85 BC – 56 BC), ruled from 65 BC to 56 BC
- Artavasdes I (65 BC – 20 BC), ruled from 56 BC until 31 BC. Son of the above named Ariobarzanes[6] and a son-in-law of King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene[7]
- Asinnalus (flourished 1st century BC), ruled from 30 BC to an unknown date in the 20s BC
- Ariobarzanes II (40 BC – 4), ruled sometime from 28 BC to 20 BC until 4 AD[8] and served as King of Armenia from 2 BC to 4[8]
- Artavasdes II, who served as Artavasdes III (20 BC – 6), King of Media Atropatene and Armenia from 4 AD to 6 AD[8]
- Artabanus (flourished second half of 1st century BC – 38 AD), grandson of Artavasdes I,[7] ruled from 6 until 10
- Vonones (flourished second half of 1st century BC – 51 AD), brother of Artabanus and ruled from 11? until 51[7]
- Pacorus (flourished 1st century & first half of 2nd century), son of the above named and ruled from 51 AD until 78 AD
Early Islamic rulers
[edit]- Al-Ash'ath ibn Qays, governor of Adharbayjan[9]
- Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik, governor of Adharbayjan (731-733)[10]
- Sa'id ibn Amr al-Harashi, governor of Adharbayjan (733-735)[11][12]
- Yahya ibn Khalid, governor of Adharbayjan (765-?)
- Khaydhar ibn Kawus al-Afshin, governor of Adharbayjan (835-?)[13]
- Mankjur al-Farghani (837-?)[14]
- Muhammad ibn Abi'l-Saj, Afshin of Azerbaijan (889–901)[15]
- Devdad ibn Muhammad, Emir of Azerbaijan (901)
- Yusuf ibn Abi'l-Saj, Emir of Azerbaijan (901–928)
- Subuk, Emir of Azerbaijan (919–922)
- Abu'l-Musafir al-Fath, Emir of Azerbaijan (928–929)
10th century governors
[edit]- Wasif al-Shirvani
- Muflih al-Saji (c. 929–935)[16]
- Daysam ibn Ibrahim al-Kurdi (ca. 937/8–942)
- Abu Mansur Muhammad
Coins of Arabic rulers Yusuf ibn Abi'l-Saj and Marzuban ibn Muhammad
- Muhammad ibn Musafir, ruler of Azerbaijan (919–941)[17]
- Marzuban ibn Muhammad, ruler of Azerbaijan (941/2–949)
- Muhammad ibn Musafir, ruler of Azerbaijan (949–953)[17]
- Marzuban ibn Muhammad, ruler of Azerbaijan (949–957)
- Justan I ibn Marzuban I, ruler of Azerbaijan (957–960)
- Ismail ibn Wahsudan, ruler of Azerbaijan (960–?)
- Ibrahim I ibn Marzuban I, ruler of Azerbaijan (957–979)
- Nuh ibn Wahsudan, ruler of Azerbaijan
- Marzuban II ibn Ismail, ruler of Azerbaijan
Golden Horde governor of Azerbaijan (claimant)
[edit]- Chormaqan 1230 - 1241
- Baiju Noyan[18] 1241 - 1260
- Shiramun 1260 -
Timurid governors of Azerbaijan
[edit]Safavid governors of Azerbaijan
[edit]- Haqqverdi Sultan ?-1593
- Farhad Khan Qaramanlu (1593)[19][20]
- Zu'l Fiqar Qaramanlu
- Shahbandeh Beg Torkman (1st term)
- Qarachaqay Khan (1618-1620) [21][22]
- Shahbandeh Beg Torkman (2nd term)
- Rustam Khan (1632–1633)[23]
- Bijan Beg
- Aliqoli Khan
- Vakhtang VI of Kartli
- Prince Bakar of Kartli
- Safiqoli Khan Ziyadoghlu Qajar (aka Aliqoli Khan)
- Mohammad-Ali Khan of Tabriz (1719-1720)
- Mikhri (Mehdi?) Khan
Qajar governors of Azerbaijan
[edit]- Abbas Mirza (1798-?)[24][25]
- Djahangir Mirza
- Fereydoon Mirza (1831-?)
- Nosrat-od-Dowleh Firouz Mirza (1837-1850)
- Bahman Mirza Qajar (1841-?)[26]
- Mehdi Qoli Hedayat (1908-1911)
Pahlawi governors of Azerbaijan
[edit]- Mozaffar Alam (1950-?)[27]
- Mohsen Rais (1958-1960)[citation needed]
Notes
[edit]- ^ ARTABAZANES, Encyclopedia Iranica
- ^ García Sánchez, M (2005): "La figura del sucesor del Gran Rey en la Persia Aqueménida", in V. Troncoso (ed.), Anejos Gerión 9, La figura del sucesor en las monarquías de época helenística.
- ^ Hallock, R (1985): "The evidence of the Persepolis Tablets", en I Gershevitch (ed.) The Cambridge History of Iran v. 2, p. 591.
- ^ Cassius Dio, 36.14
- ^ Azerbaijan iii. Pre-Islamic History, Atropates, Persian satrap of Media, made himself independent in 321 B.C. Thereafter Greek and Latin writers named the territory as Media Atropatene or, less frequently, Media Minor: Parthian period
- ^ Ptolemaic Genealogy: Tryphaena, Footnote 13
- ^ a b c Ptolemaic Genealogy: Affiliated Lines, Descendant Lines Archived July 16, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c Swan, P.M. (2004), The Augustan Succession: An Historical Commentary on Cassius Dio's Roman History, Books 55-56 (9 B.C.-A.D. 14), p.114, Oxford University Press
- ^ Madelung 1997, pp. 193
- ^ Blankinship (1994), pp. 150–151
- ^ Blankinship (1994), p. 171
- ^ Crone (1980), p. 144
- ^ Daftary, F. (1998). "2". In Asimov, M.S.; Bosworth, C.E. (eds.). Sectarian and national movements in Iran, Khurasan and Transoxania during Umayyad and early Abbasid times [History of Civilizations of Central Asia: Age of Achievement, 8750 Ad to the End of the 15th Century]. UNESCO. p. 50. ISBN 92-3-103467-7.
- ^ Al-Tabari 1991, p. 175.
- ^ Madelung 1975, p. 228.
- ^ Minorsky 1958, p. 60.
- ^ a b Madelung 1975, p. 234.
- ^ Humphreys, R. S. From Saladin to the Mongols, The Ayyubids of Damascus, SUNY Press 1977, p.335
- ^ Matthee 1999.
- ^ Nasiri & Floor 2008, p. 155.
- ^ Babaie 2004, p. 126.
- ^ Floor 2008, p. 241.
- ^ Storey, C. A. (1927–39), Persian Literature: A Bio-bibliographical Survey, vol. 1, pt. I, p. 318. London.
- ^ Mikaberidze 2011, p. 2.
- ^ Hoiberg 2010, p. 10.
- ^ Anne K. S. Lambton, Qajar Persia, 1987, p. 16; Mehdi Bamdad: Sharh-e hal-e Rejal-e Iran, I, 1999, p.197; Mohammad Ali Bahmani-Ghajar: Neveshtar-e Bahman Mirza, Tehran, p. 3.
- ^ "A'lam, Mozaffar". Encyclopedia Iranica. Retrieved 11 November 2012.
References
[edit]- Madelung, W. (1975). "The Minor Dynasties of Northern Iran". In Frye, R.N. (ed.). The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 4: From the Arab Invasion to the Saljuqs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 198–249. ISBN 0-521-20093-8.
- Minorsky, Vladimir (1958). A History of Sharvān and Darband in the 10th-11th Centuries. Cambridge: W. Heffer & Sons, Ltd.
- Al-Tabari, Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir (1991). Yar-Shater, Ehsan (ed.). The History of al-Ṭabarī, Volume XXXIII: Storm and Stress along the Northern Frontiers of the 'Abbasid Caliphate. Trans. Clifford Edmund Bosworth. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-0493-5.
- Matthee, Rudi (1999). "FARHĀD KHAN QARAMĀNLŪ, ROKN-AL-SALṬANA". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
- Nasiri, Ali Naqi; Floor, Willem M. (2008). Titles and Emoluments in Safavid Iran: A Third Manual of Safavid Administration. Mage Publishers. ISBN 978-1933823232.
- Babaie, Sussan (2004). Slaves of the Shah: New Elites of Safavid Iran. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 1860647219.
- Floor, Willem M. (2008). Titles and Emoluments in Safavid Iran: A Third Manual of Safavid Administration, by Mirza Naqi Nasiri. Washington, DC: Mage Publishers. ISBN 978-1933823232.
- Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010). "'Abbās Mīrzā". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. I: A-Ak - Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, IL: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.
- Mikaberidze, Alexander (2011). Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-1-59884-337-8.
- Madelung, Wilferd (1997). The Succession to Muhammad: A Study of the Early Caliphate. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-64696-3.
- Blankinship, Khalid Yahya (1994). The End of the Jihâd State: The Reign of Hishām ibn ʻAbd al-Malik and the Collapse of the Umayyads. Albany, New York: State University of New York Press. ISBN 0-7914-1827-8.
- Crone, Patricia (1980). Slaves on horses: the evolution of the Islamic polity. Cambridge and New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-52940-9.
- Играр Алиев. Очерк Истории Атропатены (Азернешр, 1989) ISBN 5-552-00480-9
- Chaumont, M. L. (1989), "Atropates", Encyclopaedia Iranica, vol. 3, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul
- de Planhol, X. (1989), "Azerbaijan I: Geography", Encyclopaedia Iranica, vol. 3, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul
- Schippmann, K. (1989), "Azerbaijan III: Pre-Islamic History", Encyclopaedia Iranica, vol. 3, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul
- Bosworth, C.E. (1989), "Azerbaijan IV: Islamic History to 1941", Encyclopaedia Iranica, vol. 3, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul