Hồ Xá
Hồ Xá
Thị trấn Hồ Xá | |
|---|---|
| Hồ Xá township | |
  Hồ Xá | |
| Coordinates: 17°04′14″N 107°00′28″E / 17.07056°N 107.00778°E | |
| Country |  Vietnam |
| Region | North Central Coast |
| Province | Quảng Trị |
| District | Vĩnh Linh |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (UTC + 7) |
Hồ Xá (pronounced [how˦˩ saː˨˩˦] hoe-saw) is a township (thị trấn) and capital of Vĩnh Linh District, Quảng Trị province, Vietnam.[1]
History[edit]
The 1600s Vietnamese ruler Nguyen Phuoc Tan personally supervised the dredging of Hồ Xá port so as to enable its use for the transport of rice.[2][3]
The South Vietnamese government reported in 1962 that the People's Army of Vietnam built an airport in Hồ Xá with assistance from Soviet Union and China.[4] French American John Gerassi wrote that during the United States presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson, United States aircraft bombed markets in the township.[5] Hospitals were bombed by United States aircraft in the 1960s.[6] A military base in Hồ Xá was a priority bombing in 1965 that the United States military based on "prisoner interrogations, captured documents, and agent intelligence."[7] The North Vietnamese Army propaganda radio station Radio Hanoi broadcast in 1965 that hospitals, school, and streets were targeted while the Indian journalist Harsh Deo Malaviya wrote in Socialist Congressman about the United States bombing Hồ Xá and nearby Nam Ho in 1966.[8][9][10] The United States Central Intelligence Agency published a North Vietnam radio broadcast which mentioned the 1965 bombings of the township.[11] Hồ Xá was once known as the "B-52 bomb pocket" due to multiple Boeing B-52 Stratofortress constantly bombing the township.[12] A 1994 article in The World mentions a villager remarking on how it was a miracle for the township to have running water.[12]
A pink signpost that is across from a petrol station points toward the Vịnh Mốc tunnels in Quảng Trị, where people stayed to escape American bombings. A section is open for the public to tour and there is a museum by the entrance.[13]
References[edit]
- ^ Ministry of Public Information in Vietnam Archived 2012-08-20 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Tana, L. (2018). Nguyen Cochinchina: Southern Vietnam in the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries. Cornell University Press. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-5017-3257-7. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
- ^ "Hien Vuong". Britannica. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
- ^ Vietnam (Republic) (1962). Communist Viet-Minh Aggressive Policy and Communist Subversive Warfare in South Viet-Nam. Period from May 1961 to June 1962. Government of the Republic of Vietnam. p. 12. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
- ^ Gerassi, J. (2021). North Vietnam: A Documentary. Routledge Library Editions: Revolution in Vietnam. Taylor & Francis. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-000-50470-5. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
- ^ Gitlin, Nanci (August 7, 1965). "Gitlin On The Human Facts Of A Brutal War". University of California. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
- ^ Cromley, Ray (February 11, 1965). "85 Targets in U.S. Bombsights". Philadelphia Daily News.
- ^ "Attack On Ho Xa". The Evening Sun. September 23, 1965.
- ^ Socialist Congressman. H.D. Malaviya. 1966. pp. 15–16. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
- ^ Blum, R.M. (1972). The United States and Vietnam: 1944-1947. U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 26. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
- ^ Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts. 1965. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
- ^ a b "Green covers scars, tunnels of Vietnam's DMZ". The World. September 30, 1994.
- ^ Dodd, J.; Lewis, M. (2009). The Rough Guide to Vietnam. Rough Guide. p. 645. ISBN 978-1-84836-997-9. Retrieved December 31, 2021.
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