James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry

His Grace
The Duke of Queensberry and Dover
KG PC
His Grace The Duke of Queensberry and Dover KG PC
Secretary of State for Scotland
	In office; 3 February 1709 – 6 July 1711
Monarch	Anne
Preceded by	The Earl of Mar
Succeeded by	The Earl of Mar
Lord High Commissioner
	In office; 31 July 1706 – 1 May 1707
Monarch	Anne
Preceded by	The Duke of Argyll
	In office; 25 April 1700 – 31 May 1704
Monarchs	William II; Anne
Preceded by	The Earl of Marchmont
Succeeded by	The Marquess of Tweeddale
Personal details
Born	18 December 1662; Sanquhar Castle, Dumfriesshire; Scotland
Died	6 July 1711 (aged 48); Mayfair, London, England
Resting place	Durisdeer Parish Church, Durisdeer, Dumfries and Galloway
Spouse	Hon. Mary Boyle (c. 1664–1709)
Children	James Douglas, 3rd Marquess of Queensberry; Charles Douglas, 3rd Duke of Queensberry; Jane Scott, Countess of Dalkeith;
Parents	William Douglas, 1st Duke of Queensberry; Isabel Douglas;

James Douglas, 2nd Duke of Queensberry and 1st Duke of Dover (18 December 1662 – 6 July 1711) was a Scottish nobleman and a leading politician of the late 17th and the early 18th centuries. As Lord High Commissioner he was instrumental in negotiating and passing the Acts of Union 1707 with England, which created the Kingdom of Great Britain.

Life

He was the eldest son of William Douglas, 1st Duke of Queensberry and his wife Isabel Douglas, daughter of William Douglas, 1st Marquess of Douglas. His title before succeeding his father was Lord Drumlanrig.^[1]

Educated at the University of Glasgow, he was appointed a Scottish Privy Counsellor in 1684, and was lieutenant-colonel of Dundee's regiment of horse. He supported William III in 1688 and was appointed colonel of the Scots Troop, Horse Guards Regiment. On his father's death in 1695 he succeeded to several titles, including 2nd Duke of Queensberry.

He was appointed Lord High Treasurer of Scotland from 1693 and Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland from 1695 to 1702. In 1696 he was appointed as Extraordinary Lord of Session. He was Lord High Commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland in 1700, 1702 and 1703, in which role he procured the abandonment of the Darien scheme. He was appointed a Knight of the Garter in 1701.

On the accession of Queen Anne in 1702, Douglas was appointed Secretary of State for Scotland.^[2] He encouraged the Jacobites by his undecided attitude on the question of the settlement, and was deluded into unconsciously furthering the Jacobite designs of Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat. Lovat had used Queensberry's jealousy of the duke of Atholl to obtain a commission from him to get evidence in France which would implicate Atholl. The plot was betrayed to Atholl by Robert Ferguson, and Douglas withdrew from government in 1704.^[2]

He was reinstated as Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland in 1705, was a commissioner of the estates in 1706, and procured the signing of the Treaty of Union in 1707. For this he was very unpopular in Scotland, but he received a pension of £3,000 a year.^[2] He was created Duke of Dover, Marquess of Beverley and Earl of Ripon in 1708, and appointed to the British Privy Council in the same year. He was Secretary of State for Scotland from 1709 until his death. His under-secretary during this period was the writer Nicholas Rowe.^[3] Queensberry died at his house in Albemarle Street, Piccadilly, in 1711, of an "iliack passion" (intestinal obstruction).^[4] He was later reburied with his wife Marie at Durisdeer Parish Church in Nithsdale.^[5]

Queensberry House in Edinburgh is today part of the Scottish Parliament Building.

Family

He married Mary Boyle, daughter of The Viscount Dungarvan and had at least 3 children:

James (1697–1715). Insane; passed over from succeeding all his father's titles except the marquessate; he died unwed and childless
Charles (1698–1778), succeeded his father as duke. He had two sons, but both died childless.
Jane (1701–1729), married (as his first wife) The Earl of Dalkeith. Her descendants were the eventual inheritors of the family estates.

References

^ Henderson 1888, p. 324.
^ ^a ^b ^c Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Queensberry, Earls, Marquesses and Dukes of" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 731.
^ Nicholas (1674–1718), poet and playwright
^ Abel Boyer (1712). The History of the Reign of Queen Anne. Vol. 10. p. 380.
^ Collection of Epitaphs and Monumental Inscriptions: Chiefly in Scotland

External links

Henderson, Thomas Finlayson (1888). "Douglas, James" . In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 15. London: Smith, Elder & Co. pp. 323–326.

Military offices
Preceded by The Earl of Linlithgow	Captain and Colonel of the Scots Troop of Horse Guards 1688–1696	Succeeded by The Earl of Argyll
Political offices
Unknown	Lord High Treasurer of Scotland 1693 – Date unknown	Unknown
Preceded by The Earl of Melville	Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland 1695–1702	Succeeded by The Duke of Atholl
Preceded by The Earl of Hyndford The Earl of Seafield	Secretary of State 1702–1704 with George Mackenzie	Succeeded by The Earl of Roxburghe The Earl of Seafield
Preceded by The Duke of Atholl	Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland 1705–1709	Succeeded by The Duke of Montrose
Preceded by The Earl of Mar	Secretary of State for Scotland 1709–1711	Succeeded by The Earl of Mar
Parliament of Scotland
Preceded by The Earl of Tullibardine	Lord High Commissioner 1700–1704	Succeeded by The Marquess of Tweeddale
Preceded by The Duke of Argyll	Lord High Commissioner 1706–1707	Succeeded by Act of Union 1707
Peerage of Scotland
Preceded by William Douglas	Duke of Queensberry 1695–1711	Succeeded by Charles Douglas
Preceded by William Douglas	Marquess of Queensberry 1695–1711	Succeeded by James Douglas
Peerage of Great Britain
New creation	Duke of Dover 1708–1711	Succeeded by Charles Douglas

[FOOTNOTEHenderson1888324-1] Henderson 1888, p. 324.

[EB1911-2] Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Queensberry, Earls, Marquesses and Dukes of" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 22 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 731.

[3] Nicholas (1674–1718), poet and playwright

[4] Abel Boyer (1712). The History of the Reign of Queen Anne. Vol. 10. p. 380.

[5] Collection of Epitaphs and Monumental Inscriptions: Chiefly in Scotland

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

v t e Secretaries of State for Scotland
Office of the Secretary of State for Scotland
Secretaries of State for Scotland 1707–1746	Mar Queensberry Mar Montrose Roxburghe Vacant Tweeddale
Secretaries for Scotland 1885–1926	Richmond Trevelyan Dalhousie Balfour Lothian Trevelyan Balfour of Burleigh Murray Linlithgow Sinclair (Pentland) Thomas McKinnon Wood Tennant Munro Novar Adamson Gilmour
Secretaries of State for Scotland (pre-devolution) 1926–1999	Gilmour Adamson Sinclair Collins Elliot Colville Brown Johnston Rosebery Westwood Woodburn McNeil Stuart Maclay Noble Ross Campbell Ross Millan Younger Rifkind Lang Forsyth Dewar
Secretaries of State for Scotland (post-devolution) 1999–present	Reid Liddell Darling* Alexander* Browne** Murphy Alexander Moore Carmichael Mundell Jack Murray
Also Secretary of State for Transport; *Secretary of State for Defence

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