Jean Rouverol

Jean Rouverol
Rouverol in 1943
Born	(1916-07-08)July 8, 1916 St. Louis, Missouri, U.S.
Died	March 24, 2017(2017-03-24) (aged 100) Wingdale, New York, U.S.
Other names	Jean Rouveral
Occupations	Actress screenwriter author
Years active	1934–2009
Spouse	Hugo Butler ​ ​ (m. 1940; died 1968)​
Children	6

Jean Rouverol (July 8, 1916 – March 24, 2017) was an American actress, screenwriter and author who was blacklisted by the Hollywood movie studios in the 1950s.

Life and career

Rouverol was born in St. Louis, Missouri, the daughter of playwright Aurania Rouverol, who created the Andy Hardy fictional character and co-wrote many of the screenplays for the MGM series of Andy Hardy films.

Rouverol began her acting career on stage. During a break from studying at Stanford, she appeared in Max Reinhardt's A Midsummer Night's Dream at the Hollywood Bowl alongside Mickey Rooney as Puck. She was pulled from the play to appear as W. C. Fields' daughter in the comedy It's a Gift (1934), her first motion picture credit. She continued to perform mainly in supporting roles, making another eleven films until 1940 when she married screenwriter Hugo Butler.

With four children coming in quick order, Rouverol did not return to film acting but throughout the 1940s performed on radio, including playing Betty Carter on One Man's Family. While her husband was away serving in the U.S. military during World War II, she wrote a novella which she sold to McCall's magazine in 1945.

By 1950, she had her first screenplay, So Young So Bad, made into a film, but her career was interrupted as a result of the investigations by the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) into Communist influence in Hollywood.

American Communist Party/HUAC

In 1943, Rouverol and her husband had joined the Communist Party USA (CPUSA). When the HUAC attempted to subpoena them in 1951, the Butlers chose self-exile in Mexico with their four small children rather than face a possible prison sentence as was endured by colleagues like the Hollywood Ten. Branded as subversives, Rouverol and her husband did not return to the U.S. on a permanent basis for thirteen years, during which time they had two more children.

In Mexico, Rouverol wrote short stories and articles for American magazines to earn money. She contributed scripts for the television soap opera Search for Tomorrow. She and her husband co-wrote three screenplays that their agent Ingo Preminger was able to sell to Hollywood studios in spite of the blacklist. Preminger did this by arranging for friends in the Writers Guild of America to act as "fronts", i.e., to put their names on the scripts in place of Rouverol and Butler.

In 1960, the Butlers moved to Rome so that Hugo could work on a script for director Robert Aldrich which became the 1962 film Sodom and Gomorrah. In 1964, the family returned to the U.S. for good after a brief stay in Mexico. Living in California again, Rouverol and her husband resumed their screenplay collaboration although by this time, he had become ill with arteriosclerotic brain disease. He died in January 1968, after they had co-written The Legend of Lylah Clare (1968).

Later in 1968, Rouverol published her first book, Harriet Beecher Stowe: Woman Crusader. In the early 1970s, she authored three more books in three years, including biographies of Pancho Villa and Benito Juárez. She then turned her attention to TV writing. She wrote a 1974 episode of Little House on the Prairie. She was hired as co-head writer of the CBS soap opera Guiding Light for which she received a Daytime Emmy nomination and a Writers Guild of America Award. She contributed two scripts to the soap opera As the World Turns. Her book Writing for the Soaps was published in 1984. She taught writing classes at the University of Southern California and at UCLA Extension.

Rouverol served four terms on the board of directors of the Writers Guild of America, and in 1987 she received the Guild's Morgan Cox Award as a member "whose vital ideas, continuing efforts and personal sacrifice" best exemplified the ideal of service to the Guild. In January 2001, Rouverol (aged 84) published a memoir, Refugees from Hollywood: A Journal of the Blacklist Years, which told the story of her family's life in exile during the blacklist.

Death

In her later years, Rouverol lived with actor Cliff Carpenter, who was another former blacklisted performer. Carpenter died on January 9, 2014, at the age of 98.

Rouverol died on March 24, 2017, at the age of 100.

Filmography

Year	Title	Role	Notes
1934	It's a Gift	Mildred Bissonette
1935	Private Worlds	Carrie Flint
	Mississippi	Lucy's schoolgirl friend	Uncredited
	Bar 20 Rides Again	Margaret Arnold
1936	The Leavenworth Case	Eleanore Leavenworth
	Fatal Lady	Anita
1937	The Road Back	Elsa
	Stage Door	Dizzy
1938	Annabel Takes a Tour	Laura Hampton
	The Law West of Tombstone	Nitta Moseby
	Western Jamboree	Betty Haskell

Screenplays

• So Young So Bad (1950)
• The First Time (1952; uncredited)
• Autumn Leaves (1956; front Jack Jevne)
• The Miracle (1959; originally uncredited)
• Face in the Rain (1963)
• The Legend of Lylah Clare (1968)

Books

• Harriet Beecher Stowe: Woman Crusader. 1968. ISBN 978-0399602269.
• Pancho Villa: A Biography. 1972. ISBN 978-0385006385.
• Juárez, A Son of the People. 1973. ASIN B000G3FGW8.
• Storm Wind Rising. 1974. ASIN B000BTBYYG.
• Writing for the Soaps. 1984. ISBN 978-0898791464.
• Refugees from Hollywood: A Journal of the Blacklist Years. 2001. ISBN 978-0826322661.

External links

• Jean Rouverol at IMDb
• Jean Rouverol at the Internet Broadway Database
• Jean Rouverol(Aveleyman)
• Jean Rouverol oral history interview by the Writers Guild Foundation