Karl Fischer (resistance fighter)
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Karl Fischer (1918–1963) was an Austrian resistance fighter against the Austro-fascist state between 1934—1938 and the Nazi state as of 1938. Fischer was a Trotzkyan communist, whose anti-Stalin leanings led in 1947 to his long-term, illegal imprisonment in Soviet gulags.[1] He was freed with the Austrian "Staatsvertrag", treaty with the WWII allies in 1955, and returned to Austria, where he lived until his death. Fischer died at age 44 from consequences of his imprisonment in KZ Buchenwald and Soviet gulags. In 2013 Fischer was finally fully rehabilitated, as his convictions in the Austro-fascist stare had not had a legal basis for such step during his lifetime. That basis was created in 2012.[2] Today, Fischer is used as a "moral" reference point in parts of the Socialdemocratic Party of Austria.[3]
Late award
[edit]In 2020, he and his mother Maria Fischer (1897–1962), who had also been a resistance fighter, were posthumously awarded the Decoration for Services to the Liberation of Austria by the President of Austria Alexander Van der Bellen.[4][5] The Decoration for Services to the Liberation of Austria is a special award for people who actively resisted the Nazi regime and thus contributed to Austria's liberation from Nazi rule.[6][7]
References
[edit]- ^ Klawitter, Nils (2022-05-23). "(S+) Dieser Mann überlebte erst ein KZ – und dann sibirische Gulag-Haft". Der Spiegel (in German). ISSN 2195-1349. Retrieved 2024-09-14.
- ^ "RIS - Aufhebungs- und Rehabilitierungsgesetz 2011 - Bundesrecht konsolidiert, Fassung vom 14.09.2024". www.ris.bka.gv.at (in German). Retrieved 2024-09-14.
- ^ "2019 legislative bill, Vienna Socialdemocrats". extern.spw.at (in German). Retrieved 2024-09-14.
- ^ "Verdiente Persönlichkeiten wurden für ihr Engagement geehrt". news.steiermark.at (in German). 2021-06-30. Retrieved 2024-10-02.
- ^ "Bundesauszeichnungen, Dienstag, 29. Juni 2021 um 16.00 Uhr, in der Aula der Alten Universität" (PDF). news.steiermark.at (in German). 2021-06-29. p. 4. Retrieved 2024-10-02.
- ^ "Bundesrecht konsolidiert: Gesamte Rechtsvorschrift für Schaffung eines Ehrenzeichens für Verdienste um die Befreiung Österreichs, Fassung vom 02.10.2024". www.ris.bka.gv.at (in German). Retrieved 2024-10-02.
- ^ "Österreich und seine Ehrenzeichen". bundespraesident.at (in German). Retrieved 2024-10-02.
Further reading
[edit]- Keller, Fritz (1980). In den Gulag von Ost und West. Karl Fischer. Arbeiter und Revolutionär (in German). Frankfurt am Main: ISP-Verlag. ISBN 3-88332-046-3.
- Scheuer, Georg (1991). Nur Narren fürchten nichts. Szenen aus dem dreißigjährigen Krieg, 1915–1945 (in German). Frankfurt am Main: Verlag für Gesellschaftskritik. ISBN 3-85115-133-X.
- Denis, Cécile (2021). La résistance allemande et autrichienne en France. D'après sa presse clandestine. L'histoire de trois réseaux germanophones actifs en France pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale au travers de leurs journaux et de leurs tracts (in French). Paris: Éditions L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-343-21680-5.
- Klawitter, Nils (2024). Die kleine Sache Widerstand. Wie Melanie Berger den Nazis entkam (in German). Wien: Czernin Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7076-0845-8.
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