List of battles involving the Mughal Empire
This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these messages)
|
The Mughal conquests were a series of conquests in the Indian subcontinent which led to the building of the Mughal Empire. These conquests were started by Babur in 1526, from the victory at the first battle of Panipat against Lodi dynasty. Mughals fought battles against the Safavid empire, Rajputs, Sikhs, Marathas, Ahoms and other Kingdoms.
Background
[edit]The Mughal Empire was founded by Babur (reigned 1526–1530), a Central Asian ruler who was descended from the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur (the founder of the Timurid Empire) on his father's side, and from Genghis Khan on his mother's side, Ousted from his ancestral domains in Central Asia, Babur headed to India to satisfy his ambitions. He established himself in Kabul and then pushed steadily southward into India from Afghanistan through the Khyber Pass. Babur's forces defeated Ibrahim Lodhi in the First Battle of Panipat. However, by this time Lodhi's empire was already crumbling, and it was actually the Rajput Confederacy which was the strongest power of Northern India under the capable rule of Rana Sanga of Mewar. He defeated Babar in the Battle of Bayana. In a decisive battle fought near Agra, the Timurid forces of Babur defeated the Rajput army of Sanga In Battle of Khanwa.[1] This battle was one of the most decisive and historic battles in Indian history, as it sealed the fate of Northern India for the next two centuries. The Mughal Empire came to its greatest extent during the reign of Aurangzeb.
Early Mughal conquests
[edit]Name of conflict(time) | Belligerent | opponent | outcome |
---|---|---|---|
First Battle of Panipat (21 April 1526) |
Mughal Empire | Delhi Sultanate | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Bayana (21 February 1527) |
Mughal Empire | Rajput Confederation | Rajput victory |
Battle of Khanwa (16 March 1527) |
Mughal Empire | Rajput Confederation | Mughal victory |
Battle of Chanderi (20 January 1528) |
Mughal Empire | Rajput | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Ghaghra (6 May 1529) |
Mughal Empire | Bengal Sultanate | Mughal victory
|
Siege of Bikaner (1534) | Mughal Empire | Bikaner State | Rajput victory |
Battle of Chausa (26 June 1539) |
Mughal Empire | Sur Empire | Sur victory |
Battle of Kannauj (17 May 1540) |
Mughal Empire | Sur Empire | Sur victory
|
Battle of Machhiwara (15 May 1555) |
Mughal Empire | Sur Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Sirhind (22 June 1555) | Mughal Empire | Sur Empire | Mughal victory
|
Conquests of Akbar
[edit]Name of conflict(time) | Belligerents | opponent | outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Battle of Tughlaqabad (7 October 1556) |
Mughal Empire | Suri Empire | Suri victory |
Second Battle of Panipat (5 November 1556) |
Mughal Empire | Suri Empire | Mughal victory |
Mughal conquest of Garha (1564-1567) |
Mughal Empire | Garha Kingdom | Mughal victory |
Mughal conquest of Malwa (1560–1570) |
Mughal Empire | Malwa Sultanate | Mughal victory |
Battle of Thanesar (1567) (9 April 1567) |
Mughal Empire | Two rival groups of Sanyasis | Mughal victory |
Siege of Chittorgarh (1567-1568) | Mughal Empire | Mewar Kingdom | Mughal victory |
Siege of Ranthambore (1568) (8 February – 21 March 1568) | Mughal Empire | Rajput of Ranthambore Fort | Mughal victory |
Akbar's conquest of Gujarat (1572-1573) |
Mughal Empire | Gujarat Sultanate | Mughal victory
|
Mughal invasion of Bengal (1572–1576) |
Mughal Empire | Sultanate of Bengal | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Tukaroi (1575) |
Mughal Empire | Sultanate of Bengal | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Raj Mahal (1576) |
Mughal Empire | Sultanate of Bengal | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Haldighati (1576) |
Mughal Empire | Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal victory
|
Shahbaz Khan's invasions of Mewar (1577-1580) |
Mughal Empire | Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Dewair (1582) | Mughal Empire | Mewar | Rajput victory
|
Battle of Kumbhalgarh (1583) | Mughal Empire | Mewar | Rajput victory |
Battle of Dattani (1583) | Mughal Empire | Sirohi State | Rajput victory |
Battle of the Malandari Pass (1586) | Mughal Empire | Yousufzai Afghans | Yousufzai Afghans victory
|
Battle of Hastivanj (1586) | Mughal Empire | Kashmir Sultanate | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Bhuchar Mori (1591) |
Mughal Empire | Gujarat Sultanate | Mughal victory
|
Siege of Ontala (1599) | Mughal Empire | Kingdom of Mewar | Rajput victory |
Jahangir's invasion of Mewar (1600) |
Mughal Empire | Kingdom of Mewar | Inconclusive |
Conquests of Jahangir And Shah Jahan
[edit]Name of conflict(time) | Belligerent | opponent | outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Siege of Kandahar (1605-1606) | Mughal Empire | Safavid Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Dewair (1606) | Mughal Empire | Kingdom of Mewar | Indecisive |
Battle of Samdhara (1616) | Mughal Empire | Ahom kingdom | Ahom victory |
Mughal Conquest of Mewar | Mughal Empire | Rajputs | Mughal victory
•Mewar annexed to Mughal Empire |
Battle of Rohilla (1621) |
Mughal Empire | Sikhs | Sikh victory
|
Mughal-Safavid War (1622-1623) | Mughal Empire | Safavid Empire | Safavid victory
|
Battle of Bhatvadi (1624) |
Mughal Empire | Ahmednagar Sultanate | Ahmednagar victory |
Siege of Hooghly (1632) |
Mughal Empire | Portuguese Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Amritsar (1634) | Mughal Empire | Sikhs | Sikh victory |
Battle of Lahira (1634) |
Mughal Empire | Sikhs | Sikh victory |
Battle of Kartarpur (1635) |
Mughal Empire | Sikhs | Sikh victory |
Siege of Orchha (1635) |
Mughal Empire | Orchha State | Mughal victory |
Mughal-Safavid War (1649-1653) | Mughal Empire | Safavid Empire | Safavid victory |
Siege of Bidar (1657) |
Mughal Empire | Bijapur Sulatnate | Mughal victory |
Raid of Ahmednagar (1657) | Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
War of succession
[edit]Name of conflict(time) | Belligerent | opponent | outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Battle of Dharmat (1658) |
Mughal Empire | Rebels led by Aurangzeb | Aurangzeb's victory |
Battle of Samugarh (1658) |
Dara Shikoh Shah Jahan |
Aurangzeb | Aurangzeb's victory
|
Battle of Khajwa (1659) |
Aurangzeb | Shah Shuja | Aurangzeb's victory |
Battle of Jajau (1707) |
Bahadur Shah I | Muhammad Azam Shah | Bahadur Shah's victory
|
Conquests of Aurangzeb
[edit]Name of conflict (time) | Belligerent | opponent | outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Battle of Chakan (1660) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Mir Jumla's invasion of Assam (1663) |
Mughal Empire | Ahom Kingdom | Mughal victory
Mughals takeover the capital Garhgaon |
Battle of Surat (1665) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Battle of Purandar (1665) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Raid of Ahmednagar (1657) | Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Alaboi (1669) |
Mughal Empire | Ahom Kingdom | Mughal victory |
Battle of Sinhagad (1670) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Battle of Saraighat (1671) |
Mughal Empire | Ahom Kingdom | Ahom victory |
Battle of Salher (1672) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Battle of Shivneri Fort (1673) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Siege of Shivneri Fort (1678) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Bhupalgarh (1679) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Sangamner (1679) |
Maratha Empire | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory |
Rathore rebellion (1679–1707) | Kingdom of Marwar and Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal Empire | Rajput victory |
Battle of Debari (1680) | Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal Empire | Rajput victory |
Battle of Aravali Hills (1680) | Kingdom of Mewar | Mughal Empire | Rajput victory |
Sacking of Burhanpur (1681) | Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Siege of Janjira (1682) | Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory[2] |
Battle of Itakhuli (1682) |
Ahom Kingdom | Mughal Empire | Ahom victory |
Battle of Kalyan (1682-1683) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Maratha invasion of Goa (1683) | Mughal Empire Portuguese India |
Maratha Empire | Inconclusive |
Siege of Ramsej (1682-1688) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Mughal invasions of Konkan (1684) | Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Anglo-Mughal War (1684-1690) | Mughal Empire | British EIC | Mughal victory |
Siege of Bijapur (1685-1686) |
Mughal Empire | Bijapur Sultanate | Mughal victory
|
Siege of Golconda (1687) |
Mughal Empire | Golconda Sultanate | Mughal victory
|
Battle of Wai (1687) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Battle of Raigarh (1689) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Athani (1690) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Battle of Nadaun (1691) |
Mughal Empire | Sikhs Chandel of Kahlur |
Sikh And Chandel victory |
Battle of Guler (1696) |
Mughal Empire | Sikhs | Sikh victory |
Siege of Jinji (1698) |
Mughal Empire Madurai Nayak Dynasty |
Maratha Empire | Mughal- Madurai victory |
Battle of Paranda (1699) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Satara (1699-1700) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Anandpur (1700) | Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Anandpur (1701) | Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Khelna (1701-1702) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Nirmohgarh (1702) |
Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Basoli (1702) |
Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Khalsa victory |
First Battle of Chamkaur (1702) |
Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Raigarh (1703-1704) | Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Sironj (1704) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Torna (1704) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Anandpur (1704) | Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Mughal victory |
Battle of Sarsa (1704) |
Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Mughal victory |
Battle of Chamkaur (1704) |
Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Mughal victory
|
Siege of Wagingera (1704) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Third Battle of Anandpur (1704) | Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Mughal victory |
Battle of Muktsar (1705) |
Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Khalsa victory |
Battle during Bahadur Shah And Farukhsiyar reign
[edit]Name of conflict(time) | Belligerents | opponent | outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Rajput Rebellion 1708-1710 (21 April 1708 – 11 June 1710) | Kingdom of Marwar | Mughal Empire | Rajput victory |
Battle of Sonipat (1709) |
Khalsa | Mughal Empire | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Samana (1709) |
Khalsa | Mughal Empire | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Chappar Chiri 1710) |
Khalsa | Mughal Empire | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Sadhaura (1710) |
Khalsa | Mughal Empire | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Rahon (1710) |
Khalsa | Mughal Empire | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Jalalabad (1710) |
Mughal Empire | Khalsa | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Thanesar (1710) | Khalsa | Mughal Empire | Khalsa victory |
Battle of Lohgarh (1710) |
Khalsa | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Bandanwara (1711) |
Mewar Kingdom | Mughal Empire | Mewar victory |
Battle of Jammu (1712) |
Khalsa | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory |
Siege of Gurdaspur (1715) |
Khalsa | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory
|
Battle during Muhammad Shah Rangeela reign
[edit]Name of conflict(time) | Belligerents | opponent | outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Battle of Balapur (1720) |
Mughal empire(Nizamul Mulk) | Sayyid Brothers and Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Fatehpur Sikri (1721) |
Mughal Empire | Jats | Jats victory |
Battle of Palkhed (1728) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Battle of Bundelkhand (1729) |
Maratha Empire
|
Mughal Empire | Maratha-Bundela alliance victory |
Battle of Jalesar (1737) | Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Delhi (1737) | Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Battle of Bhopal (1737) |
Mughal Empire | Maratha Empire | Maratha victory |
Battle of Khyber Pass (1738) |
Mughal Empire | Afsharid dynasty | Persian victory |
Battle of Karnal (1739) |
Mughal Empire | Afsharid dynasty | Afsharid dynasty victory
|
Battle of Gangwana (1741) |
Jaipur State
|
Rathores of Bakht Singh | Jaipur victory |
Battle of Lahore (1748) | Mughal Empire | Durrani Empire | Durrani Empire victory |
Battle of Manupur (1748) |
Mughal Empire | Durrani Empire | Mughal Alliance victory
|
Later battles involving Mughals
[edit]Name of conflict(time) | Belligerents | opponent | outcome |
---|---|---|---|
Battle of Lahore (1752) (6 March — 3 April 1752) | Mughal Empire | Durrani Empire | Durrani victory |
Plunder of Old Delhi (1753) |
Mughal Empire | Kingdom of Bharatpur | Mughal victory |
Battle of Kumher (1754) |
Kingdom of Bharatpur | Mughal Empire | Bharatpur Victory |
Bengal War (1756-1765) |
Mughal Empire | British East India Company | British Victory' |
Occupation of Delhi (1757) | Mughal Empire | Durrani Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Delhi (1757) | Mughal Empire, Rohillas | Maratha Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Taraori (1759) | Maratha Empire | Durrani Empire | Mughal victory |
Siege of Agra (1761) | Mughal Empire | Bharatpur State | Mughal victory |
Battle of Buxar (1764) |
Mughal Empire | British East India Company | Mughal victory |
Battle of Delhi (1764) | Bharatpur State
|
Mughal Empire | Mughal victory |
Capture of Delhi (1771) | Maratha Empire | Mughal Empire | Maratha victory |
Battle of Delhi (1783) | Sikh Misls | Mughal Empire | Sikhs victory
|
Siege of Delhi (1804) | Maratha Empire | Mughal Empire | Mughal victory |
Battle of Badli-ki-Serai (1857) |
Mughal Empire | East India Company | Mughal victory |
Battle of Najafgarh (1857) |
Mughal Empire | British East India Company | Mughal victory |
Battle of Agra (1857) |
British East India Company | Mughal Empire | British victory |
Siege of Delhi (1857) |
Mughal Empire | British East India Company | British victory |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Ram Sharan Sharma (1999). Mughal Empire in India:A Systematic Study Including Source Material. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. p. 46. ISBN 978-81-7156-818-5.
- ^ Gazetteer of the Bombay Presidency: pt. 2. History of the Konkan Dakhan and Southern Marátha country. Government Central Press. 1896. p. 77.
- Elliot (Sir), H. M. (1966). History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians: Vol 5: the Muhammadan Period. AMS Press.
- Elphinstone, Mountstuart (1889). The History of India: The Hindú and Mahometan Periods. J. Murray.