List of members of the United States House of Representatives in the 21st Congress by seniority
This is a complete list of members of the United States House of Representatives during the 21st United States Congress listed by seniority.
As an historical article, the districts and party affiliations listed reflect those during the 21st Congress (March 4, 1829 – March 3, 1831). Current seats and party affiliations on the List of current members of the United States House of Representatives by seniority will be different for certain members.[1]
Seniority depends on the date on which members were sworn into office. Since many members are sworn in on the same day, subsequent ranking is based on previous congressional service of the individual and then by alphabetical order by the last name of the congressman.
Committee chairmanship in the House is often associated with seniority. However, party leadership is typically not associated with seniority.
Note: The "*" indicates that the representative/delegate may have served one or more non-consecutive terms while in the House of Representatives of the United States Congress.
U.S. House seniority list
[edit]Rank | Representative | Party | District | Seniority date (Previous service, if any) |
No.# of term(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Thomas Newton, Jr. | AJ | VA-01 | March 4, 1801 | 15th term | Dean of the House Resigned on March 9, 1830. |
2 | William McCoy | AJ | VA-19 | March 4, 1811 | 10th term | Dean of the House after Newton resigned. |
3 | John W. Taylor | AJ | NY-17 | March 4, 1813 | 09th term | |
4 | Lewis Williams | AJ | NC-13 | March 4, 1815 | 08th term | |
5 | Charles F. Mercer | AJ | VA-14 | March 4, 1817 | 07th term | |
6 | Starling Tucker | J | SC-09 | March 4, 1817 | 07th term | Left the House in 1831. |
7 | Mark Alexander | J | VA-04 | March 4, 1819 | 06th term | |
8 | William S. Archer | J | VA-03 | January 3, 1820 | 06th term | |
9 | Rollin Carolas Mallary | AJ | VT-02 | January 13, 1820 | 06th term | |
10 | Noyes Barber | AJ | CT | March 4, 1821 | 05th term | |
11 | James Buchanan | J | PA-04 | March 4, 1821 | 05th term | Left the House in 1831. |
12 | Henry William Connor | J | NC-11 | March 4, 1821 | 05th term | |
13 | Henry W. Dwight | AJ | MA-09 | March 4, 1821 | 05th term | Left the House in 1831. |
14 | Jacob C. Isacks | J | TN-04 | March 4, 1821 | 05th term | |
15 | George McDuffie | N | SC-05 | March 4, 1821 | 05th term | |
16 | John Reed, Jr. | AJ | MA-13 | March 4, 1821 Previous service, 1813–1817. |
07th term* | |
17 | Andrew Stevenson | J | VA-09 | March 4, 1821 | 05th term | Speaker of the House |
18 | Samuel Swan | AJ | NJ | March 4, 1821 | 05th term | Left the House in 1831. |
19 | Wiley Thompson | J | GA | March 4, 1821 | 05th term | |
20 | Joseph Vance | J | OH-04 | March 4, 1821 | 05th term | |
21 | Lewis Condict | AJ | NJ | October 9, 1821 Previous service, 1811–1817. |
08th term* | |
22 | Churchill C. Cambreleng | J | NY-03 | December 3, 1821 | 05th term | |
23 | Samuel D. Ingham | J | PA-08 | October 7, 1822 Previous service, 1813–1818. |
08th term* | Resigned in March 1829. |
24 | Jonathan Jennings | AJ | IN-02 | December 2, 1822 Previous service, 1809–1816. |
09th term* | Left the House in 1831. |
25 | Mordecai Bartley | AJ | OH-14 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | Left the House in 1831. |
26 | John S. Barbour | J | VA-15 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | |
27 | John Blair | J | TN-01 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | |
28 | Benjamin Williams Crowninshield | AJ | MA-02 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | Left the House in 1831. |
29 | Henry Hosford Gurley | AJ | LA-02 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | Left the House in 1831. |
30 | Robert P. Letcher | AJ | KY-04 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | |
31 | Henry C. Martindale | AJ | NY-18 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | Left the House in 1831. |
32 | Daniel H. Miller | J | PA-03 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | Left the House in 1831. |
33 | William Cabell Rives | J | VA-10 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | Resigned in 1829. |
34 | James Strong | AJ | NY-08 | March 4, 1823 Previous service, 1819–1821. |
05th term* | Left the House in 1831. |
35 | Henry R. Storrs | AJ | NY-14 | March 4, 1823 Previous service, 1817–1821. |
06th term* | Left the House in 1831. |
36 | Samuel Finley Vinton | AJ | OH-07 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | |
37 | Elisha Whittlesey | AJ | OH-13 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | |
38 | Charles A. Wickliffe | J | KY-09 | March 4, 1823 | 04th term | |
39 | John Taliaferro | AJ | VA-13 | March 24, 1824 Previous service, 1801–1803 and 1811–1813. |
06th term** | Left the House in 1831. |
40 | George Wolf | J | PA-08 | December 9, 1824 | 04th term | Resigned in 1829. |
41 | John Bailey | AJ | MA-10 | December 13, 1824 | 04th term | Left the House in 1831. |
42 | Willis Alston | J | NC-02 | March 4, 1825 Previous service, 1799–1815. |
11th term* | Left the House in 1831. |
43 | John Anderson | J | ME-02 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
44 | William Armstrong | AJ | VA-16 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
45 | Tristam Burges | AJ | RI | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
46 | Samuel Price Carson | J | NC-12 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
47 | Nathaniel Claiborne | J | VA-07 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
48 | Thomas Davenport | J | VA-06 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
49 | John Davis | AJ | MA-05 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
50 | Clement Dorsey | AJ | MD-01 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | Left the House in 1831. |
51 | Edward Everett | AJ | MA-04 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
52 | James Findlay | J | OH-01 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
53 | Jonathan Harvey | J | NH | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | Left the House in 1831. |
54 | Charles Eaton Haynes | J | GA | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | Left the House in 1831. |
55 | Gabriel Holmes | J | NC-05 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | Died on September 26, 1829. |
56 | Michael Hoffman | J | NY-15 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
57 | Ralph Isaacs Ingersoll | AJ | CT | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
58 | Joseph Lecompte | J | KY-06 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
59 | Dutee Jerauld Pearce | J | RI | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
60 | James K. Polk | J | TN-06 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
61 | James Trezvant | J | VA-02 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | Left the House in 1831. |
62 | John Varnum | AJ | MA-03 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | Left the House in 1831. |
63 | Gulian C. Verplanck | J | NY-03 | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
64 | William Drayton | J | SC-01 | May 17, 1825 | 03rd term | |
65 | James Clark | W | KY-03 | August 1, 1825 Previous service, 1813–1816. |
05th term* | Left the House in 1831. |
66 | James W. Ripley | J | ME-05 | September 11, 1826 | 03rd term | Resigned on March 12, 1830. |
67 | Daniel Laurens Barringer | J | NC-08 | December 4, 1826 | 03rd term | |
68 | Chauncey Forward | J | PA-13 | December 4, 1826 | 03rd term | Left the House in 1831. |
69 | Robert Allen | J | VA-17 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
70 | Philip P. Barbour | J | VA-11 | March 4, 1827 Previous service, 1814–1825. |
07th term* | Resigned on October 15, 1830. |
71 | Isaac C. Bates | AJ | MA-08 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
72 | John Bell | J | TN-07 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
73 | Samuel Butman | AJ | ME-07 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
74 | Richard Coulter | J | PA-17 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
75 | Davy Crockett | AJ | TN-09 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
76 | Henry Daniel | J | KY-01 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
77 | Warren R. Davis | N | SC-06 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
78 | Robert Desha | J | TN-05 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
79 | John D. Dickinson | AJ | NY-09 | March 4, 1827 Previous service, 1819–1823. |
04th term* | Left the House in 1831. |
80 | Joseph Duncan | J | IL | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
81 | Jonas Earll, Jr. | J | NY-23 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
82 | Joseph Fry, Jr. | J | PA-07 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
83 | Innis Green | J | PA-06 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
84 | Thomas H. Hall | J | NC-03 | March 4, 1827 Previous service, 1817–1825. |
06th term* | |
85 | James L. Hodges | AJ | MA-12 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
86 | Jonathan Hunt | AJ | VT-01 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
87 | Adam King | J | PA-10 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
88 | Pryor Lea | J | TN-02 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
89 | Wilson Lumpkin | J | GA | March 4, 1827 Previous service, 1815–1817. |
03rd term* | |
90 | Chittenden Lyon | J | KY-12 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
91 | John Magee | J | NY-28 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
92 | William D. Martin | J | SC-04 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
93 | Lewis Maxwell | AJ | VA-21 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
94 | William T. Nuckolls | J | SC-07 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
95 | Isaac Pierson | AJ | NJ | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
96 | William Ramsey | J | PA-11 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
97 | Joseph Richardson | AJ | MA-11 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
98 | John Roane | J | VA-12 | March 4, 1827 Previous service, 1809–1815. |
05th term* | Left the House in 1831. |
99 | William Russell | J | OH-05 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
100 | Augustine Henry Shepperd | J | NC-09 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
101 | Alexander Smyth | J | VA-22 | March 4, 1827 Previous service, 1817–1825. |
06th term* | Died on April 17, 1830. |
102 | Michael Sprigg | J | MD-04 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
103 | John Benton Sterigere | J | PA-05 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
104 | Joel Barlow Sutherland | J | PA-01 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
105 | Benjamin Swift | AJ | VT-04 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
106 | George Corbin Washington | AJ | MD-03 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | |
107 | Ephraim King Wilson | J | MD-08 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
108 | Joseph F. Wingate | AJ | ME-03 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
109 | Joel Yancey | J | KY-10 | March 4, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
110 | Benjamin Gorham | AJ | MA-01 | July 23, 1827 Previous service, 1820–1823. |
04th term* | Left the House in 1831. |
111 | Rufus McIntire | J | ME-01 | September 10, 1827 | 02nd term | |
112 | Kensey Johns, Jr. | AJ | DE | October 2, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
113 | William Stanbery | J | OH-08 | October 9, 1827 | 02nd term | |
114 | Phineas L. Tracy | AM | NY-29 | November 5, 1827 | 02nd term | |
115 | Richard Henry Wilde | J | GA | November 17, 1827 Previous service, 1815–1817 and 1825. |
04th term** | |
116 | Thomas Chilton | J | KY-11 | December 22, 1827 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
117 | Thomas Hinds | J | MS | October 21, 1828 | 02nd term | Left the House in 1831. |
118 | James F. Randolph | AJ | NJ | December 1, 1828 | 02nd term | |
119 | William G. Angel | J | NY-13 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1825–1827. |
02nd term* | |
120 | Benedict Arnold | AJ | NY-16 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
121 | Robert Woodward Barnwell | J | SC-02 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
122 | Robert Emmett Bledsoe Baylor | J | AL-02 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
123 | Thomas Beekman | AJ | NY-22 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
124 | James Blair | J | SC-08 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1821–1822. |
02nd term* | |
125 | Abraham Bockee | J | NY-05 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
126 | Ratliff Boon | J | IN-01 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1825–1827. |
02nd term* | |
127 | Peter I. Borst | J | NY-12 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
128 | Thomas Bouldin | J | VA-05 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
129 | John Brodhead | J | NH | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
130 | Elias Brown | J | MD-05 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
131 | William Cahoon | AM | VT-05 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
132 | John Campbell | J | SC-03 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
133 | Timothy Childs | AM | NY-27 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
134 | Thomas Chandler | J | NH | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
135 | Clement Comer Clay | J | AL-01 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
136 | Richard Coke, Jr. | J | VA-08 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
137 | Nicholas D. Coleman | J | KY-02 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
138 | Richard M. Cooper | AJ | NJ | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
139 | Henry B. Cowles | AJ | NY-04 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
140 | Hector Craig | J | NY-06 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1823–1825. |
02nd term* | Resigned on July 12, 1830. |
141 | Robert Craig | J | VA-20 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
142 | Joseph Halsey Crane | AJ | OH-03 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
143 | Thomas Hartley Crawford | J | PA-11 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
144 | William Creighton, Jr. | AJ | OH-06 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1813–1817 and 1827–1828. |
04th term** | |
145 | Jacob Crocheron | J | NY-02 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
146 | Edmund Deberry | AJ | NC-07 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
147 | Charles G. DeWitt | AJ | NY-07 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
148 | Philip Doddridge | AJ | VA-18 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
149 | William W. Ellsworth | AJ | CT | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
150 | Joshua Evans, Jr. | J | PA-04 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
151 | Horace Everett | AJ | VT-03 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
152 | Isaac Finch | AJ | NY-19 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
153 | George Fisher | AJ | NY-20 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Resigned on February 5, 1830. |
154 | James Ford | J | PA-09 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
155 | Thomas Flournoy Foster | J | GA | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
156 | Nathan Gaither | J | KY-08 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
157 | John Gilmore | J | PA-16 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
158 | John M. Goodenow | J | OH-11 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Resigned on April 9, 1830. |
159 | George Grennell, Jr. | AJ | MA-07 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
160 | Jehiel H. Halsey | J | NY-26 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
161 | Joseph Hammons | J | NH | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
162 | Joseph Hawkins | AJ | NY-20 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
163 | Joseph Hemphill | J | PA-02 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1801-1803 and 1819–1826. |
06th term** | Left the House in 1831. |
164 | Benjamin Chew Howard | J | MD-05 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
165 | Henry Hubbard | J | NH | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
166 | Thomas H. Hughes | J | NJ | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
167 | Jabez W. Huntington | AJ | CT | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
168 | Thomas Irwin | J | PA-14 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
169 | William W. Irvin | J | OH-09 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
170 | Leonard Jarvis | J | ME-06 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
171 | Cave Johnson | J | TN-08 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
172 | Richard Mentor Johnson | J | KY-05 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1807–1819. |
07th term* | |
173 | Joseph G. Kendall | AJ | MA-06 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
174 | William Kennon, Sr. | J | OH-10 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
175 | John Kincaid | J | KY-07 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
176 | Perkins King | J | NY-11 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
177 | George Gray Leiper | J | PA-04 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
178 | James Lent | J | NY-01 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
179 | Dixon H. Lewis | J | AL-03 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
180 | Alem Marr | J | PA-09 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
181 | Thomas Maxwell | J | NY-25 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
182 | William McCreery | J | PA-15 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
183 | Robert Monell | J | NY-21 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1819–1821. |
02nd term* | Resigned on February 21, 1831. |
184 | Henry A. P. Muhlenberg | J | PA-07 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
185 | Ebenezer F. Norton | J | NY-30 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
186 | Walter Hampden Overton | J | LA-03 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
187 | Spencer Darwin Pettis | J | MO | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
188 | Robert Potter | J | NC-06 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
189 | Gershom Powers | J | NY-24 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
190 | Abraham Rencher | J | NC-10 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
191 | Robert S. Rose | J | NY-26 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1823–1827. |
03rd term* | Left the House in 1831. |
192 | John Scott | J | PA-12 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
193 | Benedict Joseph Semmes | AJ | MD-02 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
194 | William Biddle Shepard | AJ | NC-01 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
195 | James Shields | J | OH-02 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
196 | Thomas Hale Sill | AJ | PA-18 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1826–1827. |
02nd term* | Left the House in 1831. |
197 | Jesse Speight | J | NC-04 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
198 | Ambrose Spencer | AJ | NY-10 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
199 | Richard Spencer | J | MD-07 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. |
200 | James Israel Standifer | J | TN-03 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1823–1825. |
02nd term* | |
201 | Philander Stephens | J | PA-09 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
202 | William L. Storrs | AJ | CT | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
203 | John Test | AJ | IN-03 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1823–1827. |
03rd term* | Left the House in 1831. |
204 | John Thomson | J | OH-12 | March 4, 1829 Previous service, 1825–1827. |
02nd term* | |
205 | James Moore Wayne | J | GA | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
206 | John W. Weeks | J | NH | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
207 | Campbell P. White | J | NY-03 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
208 | Edward Douglass White, Sr. | AJ | LA-01 | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
209 | Ebenezer Young | AJ | CT | March 4, 1829 | 01st term | |
George Evans | AJ | ME-04 | July 20, 1829 | 01st term | ||
Peter Ihrie, Jr. | J | PA-08 | October 13, 1829 | 01st term | ||
Samuel A. Smith | J | PA-08 | October 13, 1829 | 01st term | ||
Edward Bishop Dudley | J | NC-05 | November 10, 1829 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. | |
Henry Graybill Lamar | J | GA | December 7, 1829 | 01st term | ||
George Edward Mitchell | J | MD-06 | December 7, 1829 Previous service, 1823–1827. |
03rd term* | ||
Harmar Denny | AM | PA-16 | December 15, 1829 | 01st term | ||
William F. Gordon | J | VA-10 | January 25, 1830 | 01st term | ||
George Loyall | J | VA-01 | March 9, 1830 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. | |
Samuel W. Eager | AJ | NY-06 | November 2, 1830 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. | |
Jonah Sanford | J | NY-20 | November 3, 1830 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. | |
John M. Patton | D | VA-11 | November 25, 1830 | 01st term | ||
Joseph Draper | J | VA-22 | December 6, 1830 | 01st term | Left the House in 1831. | |
Cornelius Holland | J | ME-05 | December 6, 1830 | 01st term | ||
Humphrey H. Leavitt | J | OH-11 | December 6, 1830 | 01st term |
Delegates
[edit]Rank | Delegate | Party | District | Seniority date (Previous service, if any) |
No.# of term(s) | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Joseph M. White | J | FL | March 4, 1825 | 03rd term | |
2 | Ambrose Hundley Sevier | J | AR | February 13, 1828 | 02nd term | |
3 | John Biddle | J | MI | March 4, 1829 | 01st term |
See also
[edit]- 21st United States Congress
- List of United States congressional districts
- List of United States senators in the 21st Congress by seniority
References
[edit]- ^ Delegates are non-voting members and representatives are voting members of the United States House of Representatives.
This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- United States Congressional Elections 1788-1997, by Michael J. Dubin (McFarland and Company 1998) ISBN 0-7864-0283-0