List of wars involving Serbia
This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2018) |
The following is a list of wars involving Serbia in the Middle Ages as well as late modern period and contemporary history.
The list gives the name, the date, combatants, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:
- Serbian victory
- Serbian defeat
- Result of civil or internal conflict
- Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive)
- Ongoing conflict
Middle Ages
Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
---|---|---|---|
Avar-Serbian War (629–632) | Serbs |
Avar Khaganate | Victory
|
Roman-Frankish War (802-812) | ![]() ![]() |
![]() |
Victory
|
Bulgarian-Serbian War (839–42) | ![]() |
![]() |
Victory
|
Bulgarian-Serbian War (853) | ![]() |
![]() |
Victory
|
Bulgarian–Serbian wars of 917–924 Part of the Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 913–927 | ![]() |
![]() |
Defeat
|
Serb Uprising (927)[1][2][3][4] | ![]() Supported by: |
![]() |
Victory
Časlav takes posession of the country after the uprising and submits suzereinity to the Byzantines |
War of unification[5][6] | ![]() |
Serb tribes in: | Principality Victory
|
Magyar-Serb conflict (c. 960) Part of the Hungarian invasions of Europe |
![]() |
![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Bulgarian-Serbian War (998) | ![]() |
![]() |
Defeat
|
Serb Uprising (1034–1042) | ![]() |
![]() |
Victory
|
Byzantine-Norman wars (1040–1189) | ![]()
|
![]() ![]() |
Indecisive
|
Byzantine–Serbian War (1090–1095) | ![]() |
![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Byzantine–Hungarian War (1127–29) | ![]() |
![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Byzantine-Venetian War (1171–1172) | ![]() ![]() Diplomatic support: ![]() ![]() |
![]()
|
Byzantine Victory
|
Byzantine campaign in the Middle East (1176)[8] Part of the Byzantine-Seljuq Wars |
![]() |
![]() |
Defeat
|
Emeric's Balkan campaign (1200–1203) Part of the Fourth Crusade |
![]()
|
![]() ![]() ![]() |
Emeric's Victories |
Hungarian Invasion of Serbia (1237) Part of the Crusade against Bogumils | ![]()
|
![]() |
Victory |
Mongol invasion of the Balkans (1241–1242) |
![]()
|
![]() |
Defeat of the military alliance led by the Kingdom of Hungary
|
Serbian conflict with the Nogai Horde | ![]() |
![]()
|
Victory |
Epirote–Nicaean conflict (1258–1261) |
![]() ![]() ![]() Allies: ![]() |
![]() Supported by: ![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Byzantine-Catalan Wars (1305–1311)[13] | ![]()
|
Catalan Company Allies: Anatolian Turkish Beyliks ![]() |
Victory |
Serbian-Crusader Conflict | ![]() ![]() Allies: ![]() |
Turcopoles | Victory
|
Serbian-Anjou War (1318–1320)[15][16] | ![]() |
![]()
|
Partial Victory
|
War of Hum (1326–1329) | ![]() |
![]() ![]() |
Defeat |
Bulgarian-Serbian War (1330) Part of the Byzantine civil war of 1321–1328 |
![]() Supported by: ![]() |
![]() Supported by: ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Victory[22]
|
Serbian Invasion of Macedonia (1342–1343) Part of the Byzantine civil war of 1341-1347 |
![]() Supported by: ![]() |
![]() ![]() ![]() |
Victory
|
Serbian Invasion of Albania (1342–1345)[23][24] Part of the Byzantine civil war of 1341-1347 |
![]() ![]() ![]() Supported by: ![]() |
![]()
|
Victory
|
Serbian-Ottoman War (1352) Part of the Byzantine civil war of 1352–1357 |
![]() ![]() Supported by: ![]() |
![]() Supported by: ![]() |
Defeat
|
Serbian Civil War (1356-1359) Part of the Fall of the Serbian Empire | ![]() |
![]() Losha Clan ![]()
|
Loyalist Victory
|
The Feudal Wars (1356-1373) | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Anti-Altomanović Coalition: |
![]()
|
Inconclusive
|
Battle of Kosovo (1389) | ![]() Supported by: ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
![]() Military support: ![]() ![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Crusade of Nicopolis (1396) | ![]() |
Crusade:![]() ![]()
|
Victory |
Ottoman-Timurid War 1399–1402 | ![]() Black Tatars |
![]() |
Defeat
|
Ottoman Interregnum (1402-1413) | ![]() Supported by:
|
![]() ![]() Supported by: |
Victory
|
Second Scutari War (1419–23) | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Despotate-Ottoman Wars (1425–1459)[40] Part of the Ottoman Invasions of Serbia and Hungarian–Ottoman Wars | ![]() ![]()
|
![]()
|
Eventual Defeat
|
Uprising of Jovan Nenad (1526-1527) Part of the Hungarian Civil War | ![]() |
![]() |
Defeat
|
Uprising in Banat (1594)
Part of the Long Turkish War |
![]() Supported by: ![]() |
![]() |
Defeat
|
Serb uprising in Herzegovina (1596–1597)
Part of the Long Turkish War |
![]() |
Defeat
| |
Bocskai's War of Independence (1604-1606) Part of the Long Turkish War and European wars of religion | ![]()
|
![]()
|
Peace treaty |
Cretan War (1645–1669) |
![]()
|
![]() |
Defeat |
Great Turkish War (1683–1699) |
![]() |
![]() |
Victory
|
Morean War (1684–1699) Part of the Great Turkish war and Croatian-Slavonian-Dalmatian theater in the Great Turkish War |
![]()
Military support: |
![]() |
Venetian and Holy League victory |
War of Sinj (1714–1718) Part of the Austro-Turkish War (1716-1718) and Ottoman-Portuguese confrontations |
Holy League:
|
![]() |
Defeat
|
Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718) |
![]() |
![]() |
Victory
|
Austro-Turkish War (1737–1739) |
![]() |
![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791) |
![]() |
![]() |
Austrian Victory |
Modern period
Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
---|---|---|---|
Uprising against the Dahije (1804) |
![]() |
![]() |
Victory
|
First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813) Part of the Serbian Revolution |
Supported by: |
Dahijas (1804)![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Russo-Turkish War (1806–1812) Part of the Serbian Revolution and Russo-Turkish Wars |
![]()
|
Victory[48] | |
Hadži-Prodan's rebellion (1814) |
![]() |
![]() |
Defeat
|
Second Serbian Uprising (1815–1817) Part of the Serbian Revolution |
![]() |
![]() |
Victory
|
Niš Rebellion (1821) |
![]() |
![]() |
Defeat
|
Serb uprising (1848–1849) Part of the Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire |
Victory
| ||
Herzegovina uprising (1875–1877) Part of the Great Eastern Crisis |
Serb rebels Supported by: ![]() ![]() |
![]() |
Inconclusive |
First Serbian–Ottoman War (1876–1877) Part of the Great Eastern Crisis |
![]() |
Victory
| |
Second Serbian–Ottoman War (1877–1878) Part of the Great Eastern Crisis and the Russo-Turkish War (1877–78) |
![]() |
Victory
| |
Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) |
![]()
|
![]()
|
Coalition Victory
|
Timok Rebellion (1883) |
![]() |
People's Radical Party | Victory
|
Serbo-Bulgarian War (1885) |
Supported by: |
![]() |
Defeat
|
Macedonian struggle (1901) |
![]() Supported by: ![]() |
![]() ![]() |
Inconclusive
|
First Balkan War (1912–1913) Part of the Balkan Wars |
Balkan League: Supported by: | Victory[61] | |
Serbian invasion of Albania (1912–1913) Part of the Balkan Wars |
![]() ![]() |
![]() |
Victory
|
Tikveš Uprising (1913) |
![]() ![]() |
![]() Supported by: ![]() |
Victory
|
Second Balkan War (1913) Part of the Balkan Wars |
Victory | ||
Ohrid-Debar Uprising (1913) |
![]() ![]() ![]() |
![]() ![]() |
Victory
|
Third Peasant Revolt in Albania (September–October 1914) |
![]() Support: ![]() ![]() |
![]() |
Serbo-Italian backed Republic of Central Albania Victory
|
Serbian campaign and Balkans theatre (1914–1918) Part of the European theatre of World War I |
Allied Powers
|
Central Powers:
|
Victory |
Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920) Part of the aftermath of World War I and the Revolutions of 1917–23 |
Victory
| ||
Impresa di Pola (1918) Part of the Adriatic Campaign in 1918 and the Adriatic question |
Defeat
| ||
1918–1920 unrest in Split (1918–1920) Part of the Adriatic question |
![]() ![]() ![]() |
![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Austro-Slovene conflict in Carinthia (1918–1919) Part of the aftermath of World War I |
![]() |
![]() |
Military victory |
Christmas Uprising (1919) Part of the aftermath of World War I and the creation of Yugoslavia |
Montenegrin Whites Victory
| ||
Drenica-Dukagjin Uprisings (1919–1924) |
![]() |
![]() ![]() Diplomatic support: ![]() |
Victory
|
Koplik War (1920–1921) |
![]() |
![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Albanian-Yugoslav Border War (1921) |
![]() ![]() ![]() |
![]() ![]() |
Inconclusive
|
Zogu Invasion of Albania (1924) |
![]() ![]() |
![]() ![]() ![]() |
Zogu-Yugoslav Victory
|
Invasion of Yugoslavia (1941) Part of the Balkans campaign and Mediterranean theatre of World War II |
![]() |
Axis | Defeat
|
World War II in Yugoslavia (1941–1945) Part of the European theatre of World War II |
Allies
![]()
![]()
|
Axis
German puppet states and governments:
|
Yugoslav Partisan Victory
|
Contemporary period
Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
---|---|---|---|
Ten-Day War
(1991) Part of the Yugoslav Wars |
![]() |
![]() |
Defeat
|
Croatian War of Independence[c] (1991–1995) Part of the Yugoslav Wars |
|
|
Defeat
|
War in Bosnia[d] (1992–1995) Part of the Yugoslav Wars |
|
|
Inconclusive
|
Kosovo War (1998–1999) Part of the Yugoslav Wars |
![]() |
![]() ![]()
Supported by: |
Military Stalemate[63]
|
Insurgency in the Preševo Valley (1999–2001) [citation needed]Part of the Yugoslav Wars |
![]() |
![]() |
Victory[64] |
See also
Footnotes
- ^ As well as Serbian garrison troops during the Battle of Petrovaradin[citation needed]
- ^ Acceded to the Tripartite Pact, generally considered Axis powers (see e.g., Facts About the American Wars, Bowman, p. 432, which includes them in a list of "Axis powers", or The Library of Congress World War II Companion, Wagner, Osborne, & Reyburn, p. 39, which lists them as "The Axis").
- ^ Direct involvement until early 1992. After the proclamation of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in April 1992, all units of former Yugoslav People's Army were withdrawn from territories of Croatia and Bosnia. Despite this, various paramilitary groups from FRY continued to fight in Croatia
- ^ Officially Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (and Serbia as part of it) did not participate in Bosnian War. However, various Serbian paramilitaries were directly involved in conflicts.
- ^ Porphyrogenitus, Constantine VII (ed.). De Administrando Imperio.
- ^ Станојевић, Станоје (ed.). "I Прве српске државе" Историја српскога народа. Београд.
- ^ Веселиновић, Андрија; Љушић, Радош, eds. (2001). Српске династије. Нови Сад: Плантонеум. ISBN 86-83639-01-0.
- ^ Острогорски, Георгије, ed. (1993). Историја Византије (II фототипско издање оригинала 1959). Београд.
- ^ {{cite book |editor1-last=Porphyrogenitus |editor1-first=Constantine VII |title=De Administrando Imperio }
- ^ Станојевић, Станоје (ed.). "I Прве српске државе" Историја српскога народа. Београд.
- ^ Arnold of Lübeck left negative remarks on the Serbs in his chronicles after an attack on Western knights and Pilgrims, even going as far as naming the "Sons of Belial"
- ^ Острогорски, Георгије, ed. (1993). Историја Византије (II фототипско издање оригинала 1959). Београд.
- ^ Serbia's role in the Byzantine campaigns against the Seljuqs was through Stefan Nemanja's role of being a vassal. Auxiliary troops were sent as a form of tribute towards the Byzantine emperor Manuel I Komnenos in order to aid him in battle.
- ^ Острогорски, Георгије, ed. (1993). Историја Византије (II фототипско издање оригинала 1959). Београд.
- ^ Hendy, Michael, ed. (1985). Studies in the Byzantine Monetary Economy c. 300–1450. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 128. ISBN 0-521-24715-2.
- ^ Curta, Florin, ed. (2006). Southeastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 500–1250. Cambridge University Press. p. 389. ISBN 978-0-521-89452-4.
- ^ Hilandar ...Following the end of the Latin Occupation of this part of Byzantium, a new wave of raids hit the monastic republic. In the early 14th century, pirate mercenaries of the Catalan Grand Company repeatedly raided the Holy Mountain, while looting and sacking numerous monasteries, stealing treasures and Christian relics, and terrorizing monks. Of the 300 monasteries and monastic communities on Athos, Hilandar was among only 35 that survived the violence of the first decade of the 14th century.
- ^ Vásáry, István, ed. (24 March 2005). Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. Cambridge University Press. pp. 109–110. ISBN 1139444085.
- ^ Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr., ed. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. pp. 219–262. ISBN 9781850439776.
- ^ Živković, Tibor; Kunčer, Dragana, eds. (2008). Roger - the forgotten Archbishop of Bar (PDF). Историјски часопис. 56. pp. 191–209.
- ^ Станојевић, Станоје, ed. (1989). Историја српскога народа" (треће издање, репринт издања из 1926). Београд. ISBN 978-86-83639-01-4.
- ^ Фајфрић, Жељко, ed. (1998). Света лоза Стефана Немање. Шид.
- ^ Ћоровић, Владимир, ed. (1989). Историја српског народа (рукопис из 1941). Београд.
- ^ Ћоровић, Владимир, ed. (1989). Историја српског народа (рукопис из 1941). Београд.
- ^ Vásáry, István (ed.). Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. p. 112. ISBN 1139444085.
- ^ Vásáry, István (ed.). Cumans and Tatars: Oriental Military in the Pre-Ottoman Balkans, 1185–1365. p. 113. ISBN 1139444085.
- ^ Fine, John Van Antwerp Jr., ed. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Press. p. 301. ISBN 9781850439776.
- ^ Soulis, George Christos, ed. (1984). The Serbs and Byzantium during the reign of Tsar Stephen Dušan (1331–1355) and his successorst. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 19.
- ^ Nicol, Donald MacGillivray, ed. (1996). The Reluctant Emperor: A Biography of John Cantacuzene, Byzantine Emperor and Monk, C. 1295–1383. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521522014.
- ^ The Serbian Empire of Stefan V fragmented into a conglomeration of principalities, some of which did not even nominally acknowledge his rule.
- ^ Fine Jr., John V. A., ed. (1994). The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-08260-4.
- ^ Lazar sought aid from his neighbors Tvtrko and Vuk Brankovic. Trtvko sent a large contingent under the command of Vlatko Vukovic. Vuk Brankovic came himself, leading his own men. Thus the Serbian army was composed of three contingents under these three leaders, none of whom was then a Turkish vassal.
- ^ Budak, Neven, ed. (2001). "John of Palisna, the Hospitaller Prior of Varna". In Hunyadi, Zsolt; Laszlovszky, Jozsef (eds.). The Crusades and the Military Orders: Expanding the Frontiers of Medieval Latin Christianity. Central European University Press. ISBN 9639241423.
- ^ Alexandru Madgearu, The Wars of the Balkan Peninsula: Their Medieval Origins, ed. Martin Gordon, (Scarecrow Press, 2008), 90.
- ^ a b c d e Tuchman, Barbara W. (1978). A Distant Mirror: the Calamitous 14th Century. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 548. ISBN 0-345-28394-5.
- ^ The Crusades and the military orders: expanding the frontiers of latin christianity; Zsolt Hunyadi page 226
- ^ Valerii︠a︡ Fol, Bulgaria: History Retold in Brief, (Riga, 1999), 103.
- ^ (Djokić 2023, p. 128)
Not all Serb magnates fought and died as Ottoman vassals. Vuk Branković, who survived the Kosovo battle, and who continued to rule over his realm that included Kosovo, joined a large Christian coalition led by Hungary, which now represented the 'bulwark of Christianity' and included Wallachian, Venetian, Bulgarian, Croatian, French and English troops. The Christian coalition was defeated by Ottomans at Nicopolis, Bulgaria in 1396. Branković died as an Ottoman prisoner the following year, but is ironically portrayed in the Serbian folklore as a Judas-like figure.
- ^ (Cerović 2002, p. 228)
Вук Бранковић, син Бранков, оженио се Маром, кћерком кнеза Лазара. Његови поседи протезали су се од Скопља до Копаоника и Сјенице, до горњих токова Таре и Мораче. После битке на Косову, примио је вазални однос према Турској. У бици код Никопоља учествовао је на страни Угарске, када га је заробио султан Бајазит и одвео га у заробљеништво, где је умро, 1397. године.
- ^ "Battle of Nicopolis". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-18.
- ^ Siege of Damascus (1400)
- ^ Timurid invasions of Georgia
- ^ Siege of Smyrna
- ^ In 1471, the Serbian Despotate was renewed in exile as a vassal of Hungary. Up until its demise in 1540, it spent its entirety fighting the Turks. The state provided support and auxiliary troops to the Kingdom of Hungary.
- ^ Stefan Lazarević and other Serbian Despots had brief conflicts with Bosnia
- ^ Battle of Kosovo (1448)
- ^ Skanderbeg's Serbian Campaign
- ^ During the Second battle of Kosovo, Hunyadis forces ravaged the Serbian countryside which lead to his arrest
- ^ Many Serbs served as Venetian generals during the Cretan war, these include Stojan Janković, Ilija Smiljani, Krsto Vicković, etc.
- ^ Vuk Mandušić and other rebel leaders lead multiple uprisings in Herzegovina 1647-1648
- ^ Meriage, Lawrence P. (27 January 2017). "The First Serbian Uprising (1804-1813) and the Nineteenth-Century Origins of the Eastern Question". Slavic Review. 37 (3): 421–439. doi:10.2307/2497684. JSTOR 2497684. S2CID 222355180.
- ^ a b Davis, G. Doug; Slobodchikoff, Michael O. (2018). Cultural Imperialism and the Decline of the Liberal Order: Russian and Western Soft Power in Eastern Europe. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 88. ISBN 9781498585873.
- ^ Benbassa, Esther; Rodrigue, Aron, eds. (2000). Sephardi Jewry: A History of the Judeo-Spanish Community, 14th-20th Centuries. University of California Press. p. 66. ISBN 9780520218222.
- ^ Torsten Ekman (2006). Suomen kaarti 1812–1905 (in Finnish). Helsinki: Schildts. ISBN 951-50-1534-0.
- ^ Daur, Soner. Plevne'de Çerkesler
- ^ Crampton, Richard; Crampton, Benjamin (2016). Atlas of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. p. 15. ISBN 9781317799528.
- ^ Egidio Ivetic, Le guerre balcaniche, il Mulino - Universale Paperbacks, 2006, p. 63
- ^ "Там /в Плевенско и Търновско/ действително се говори, че тези черкези отвличат деца от българи, загинали през последните събития." (Из доклада на английския консул в Русе Р. Рийд от 16.06.1876 г. до английския посланик в Цариград Х. Елиот. в Н. Тодоров, Положението, с. 316)
- ^ Hacısalihoğlu, Mehmet. Kafkasya'da Rus Kolonizasyonu, Savaş ve Sürgün (PDF). Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi.
- ^ BOA, HR. SYS. 1219/5, lef 28, p. 4
- ^ Karataş, Ömer. The Settlement of the Caucasian Emigrants in the Balkans during lkans duringthe 19th Century Century
- ^ Gawrych, George (2006). The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913. IB Tauris. p. 202. ISBN 9781845112875. "When the First Balkan War broke out, a majority of Albanians, even habitual rebels such as Isa Boletin, rallied in defense of the din ve devlet ve vatan in order to preserve intact their Albanian lands. Lacking a national organization of their own, Albanians had no choice but to rely on Ottoman institutions, its army, and its government for protection from partition. Both failed them miserably in the face of four invading Balkan armies, and as a result foreign invasion and occupation severed that link between the Albanian Eagle and the Ottoman Crescent."
- ^ Kondis, Basil (1976). Greece and Albania, 1908–1914. Thessaloniki: Institute for Balkan Studies. p. 84. ISBN 9798840949085.
The Albanian forces fought on the side of Turkey not because they desired a continuance of Turkish rule but because they believed that together with the Turks, they would be able to defend their territory and prevent the partition of "Greater Albania
- ^ Hall, Richard C. (4 January 2002). The Balkan Wars 1912-1913: Prelude to the First World War. Routledge. p. 85. ISBN 978-1-134-58363-8. Retrieved 19 April 2022.
Ottoman regulars supported by Albanian irregulars continued in central and southern Albania even after the signing of the armistice in December 1912
- ^ Anagnostopoulos, Archimandrite Nikodemos (2017). Orthodoxy and Islam: Theology and Muslim–Christian Relations in Modern Greece and Turkey. Taylor & Francis. p. 75. ISBN 9781315297927.
- ^ "Croats and Serbs still bitter after genocide verdict". BBC News. 2015-02-03. Retrieved 2023-11-26.
- ^ References:
- Stigler, Andrew L. (Winter 2002–2003). "A clear victory for air power: NATO's empty threat to invade Kosovo". International Security. 27 (3): 124–157. doi:10.1162/01622880260553651. JSTOR 3092116.
- Biddle, Stephen (2002). "The new way of war? Debating the Kosovo model". Foreign Affairs. 81 (3): 148–139. doi:10.2307/20033168. JSTOR 20033168.
- Dixon, Paul (2003). "Victory by spin? Britain, the US and the propaganda war over Kosovo". Civil Wars. 6 (4): 83–106. doi:10.1080/13698240308402556.
- Harvey, Frank P (2006). "Getting NATO's success in Kosovo right: The theory and logic of counter-coercion". Conflict Management and Peace Science. 23 (2): 139–158. doi:10.1080/07388940600665842. JSTOR 26275265.
- ^ a b Holley, David (25 May 2001). "Yugoslavia Occupies Last of Kosovo Buffer". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 27 December 2012.
- ^ "Southern Serbia's Fragile Peace". International Crisis Group. 9 December 2003. Archived from the original on 3 June 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2012.