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Maureen Thelma Watson

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Maureen Thelma Watson
Member of the Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly for Hillside
In office
5 June 1958 – 7 May 1965
Preceded byJack Grahame Pain
Succeeded byDennis Fawcett Phillips
Personal details
Born
Maureen Thelma Eastwood

15 September 1925
Bulawayo, Southern Rhodesia
Died29 August 1994(1994-08-29) (aged 68)
Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
Political partyUnited Federal Party (before 1963)
Rhodesia Party (after 1963)
Spouse
Robert France Watson
​
​
(m. 1945)​
Parent(s)William Hives Eastwood
Elizabeth (Dempsey) Eastwood

Maureen Thelma Watson (née Eastwood; 15 September 1925 – 29 August 1994) was a Rhodesian politician.

A Bulawayo native, she was a housewife and family planning advocate before entering politics. Elected to the Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly in 1958, she was the second woman ever elected to Parliament. She was reelected in 1962 but opted not to run for reelection in 1965. A member of the United Federal Party, and later the Rhodesia Party, she was a moderate who opposed the conservative agenda of the Rhodesian Front.

Early life and family

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Maureen Thelma Eastwood was born on 15 September 1925 in Bulawayo, Southern Rhodesia. [1][2] Her parents were Elizabeth "Bessie" (née Dempsey), a Johannesburg native, and William Hives Eastwood, born in England.[1] Her father was a businessman and Member of the Legislative Council who served as a cabinet minister of the portfolios of Health, Education, and Transport in the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland.[3][4][5][6] She attended Eveline High School in Bulawayo and Kingsmead College in Johannesburg, South Africa.[1]

On 10 November 1945, she married Robert France Watson, a South African who worked for Rhodesian Railways.[1][7] She became a housewife and they had one son and two daughters.[1][7]

Politics and activism

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Before entering politics, Watson was a birth control advocate and the vice-chair of the Bulawayo Family Planning Association.[8] In 1955, the association opened the first family planning clinic for whites in Bulawayo in the Margaret Roe Child Welfare Centre.[8]

In the 1958 election, Watson, the United Federal Party candidate, was elected to the Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly, representing the Hillside constituency.[1][2] She lost the first round to Dominion Party incumbent Jack Graham Pain, placing second out of three candidates.[2] She went up against Pain in the second count, winning with 52% of the vote.[2] This made her the second woman ever elected to Parliament (the first, Tawsie Jollie, was elected in 1923).[9][10] Watson was reelected in 1962 with 56% of the vote, defeating Rhodesian Front candidate William Redpath Kinleyside.[2] Nevertheless, Watson's United Federal Party lost power that election to Rhodesian Front, who gained a solid majority of 35 seats, compared to the UFP's 29.

In Parliament, Watson opposed racial discrimination and the conservative agenda of the Rhodesian Front, which was founded in 1962 by whites who opposed any transition toward majority black rule in Rhodesia. In 1961, she called for liquor laws to be applied equally regardless of race.[11] She also continued her advocacy for birth control and women's autonomy. In 1963, she opposed legislation that banned "any native" from having sexual intercourse with a "white woman or girl."[12] Watson, the sole woman MP, complained that "this Act [constitutes] an unwarranted act of paternalism by a largely male Parliament against the European women of this country."[12]

After the United Federal Party dissolved in 1963, Watson joined the Rhodesia Party, formed by Roy Welensky and other moderates who opposed the Rhodesian Front agenda and the looming possibility of UDI. In 1964, Watson announced she would not run for reelection in 1965.[13] In the late 1960s, she served on the board of the National Free Library of Rhodesia.[14]

Maureen Watson died of emphysema in Bulawayo on 29 August 1994, at the age of 68.[citation needed]

Electoral history

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1958 Southern Rhodesian general election: Hillside (First count)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Dominion Party Jack Graham Pain 637 46.3
United Party Maureen Thelma Watson 510 37.0
United Albert John Lister Lewis 230 16.7
Majority 127 9.3
Turnout 1,377 76.3
1958 Southern Rhodesian general election: Hillside (Second count)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
United Party Maureen Thelma Watson 701 52.0 +15
Dominion Party Jack Graham Pain 646 48.0 +1.7
Majority 55 4.0
Turnout 1,347 74.8 −1.5
1962 Southern Rhodesian general election: Hillside
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
United Party Maureen Thelma Watson 822 55.7 +3.7
RF William Redpath Kinleyside 653 44.3
Majority 169 11.4 +7.4
Turnout 1,475 82.2 +7.4

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f Who's who of Southern Africa. Ken Donaldson (Pty.) Limited. 1959. p. 1065.
  2. ^ a b c d e Science, University of Rhodesia Dept of Political (1963). Source Book Series. p. 183.
  3. ^ Salt, Beryl (2015). A Pride of Eagles: A History of the Rhodesian Air Force. Helion and Company. p. 77. ISBN 9781910777480.
  4. ^ "Rhodesian Leaders". www.rhodesia.me.uk. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  5. ^ Steinberg, S. (1962). The Statesman's Year-Book 1962: The One-Volume ENCYCLOPAEDIA of all nations. Springer. p. 496. ISBN 9780230270916.
  6. ^ "The Rhodesia Air Training Group (RATG) 1940 – 1945 and statistics on fatalities from the Commonwealth War Graves Commission (CWGC): Zimbabwe Field Guide". zimfieldguide.com. Archived from the original on 28 July 2018. Retrieved 22 April 2018.
  7. ^ a b Who's who of Southern Africa. Ken Donaldson (Pty.) Limited. 1972. p. 1306.
  8. ^ a b International Planned Parenthood News. 1956.
  9. ^ Woman Plus. ZWRCN. 1999. p. 31.
  10. ^ Profiles of Rhodesia's Women. National Federation of Business and Professional Women of Rhodesia. 1976. p. 15. ISBN 9780797401679.
  11. ^ Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland Newsletter. Federal Information Department, Government of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. 1961. p. 33.
  12. ^ a b Franck, Thomas M. (1963). Southern Rhodesian nationalism in the East Central African conflict. American Society of African Culture. p. 26.
  13. ^ East Africa and Rhodesia. Africana. 1964. p. 522.
  14. ^ Library, Bulawayo (Zimbabwe) National Free (1968). Annual Report of the Board of the National Free Library of Rhodesia for the Year Ended ... Government Printer.
Southern Rhodesian Legislative Assembly
Preceded by Member of Parliament for Hillside
1958 – 1965 		Succeeded by
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