Michael Ansara
Michael Ansara | |
---|---|
Ansara in Law of the Plainsman (1959) | |
Born | |
Died | July 31, 2013 Calabasas, California, U.S. | (aged 91)
Resting place | Forest Lawn Memorial Park, Hollywood Hills, U.S. |
Alma mater | Los Angeles City College |
Occupation | Actor |
Years active | 1944–2001 |
Spouses | Beverly Kushida (m. 1977) |
Children | 1 |
Awards | Hollywood Walk of Fame, Western Heritage Award, Saturn Award |
Michael George Ansara (April 15, 1922 – July 31, 2013) was an American actor. A Syrian-American, he was often cast in Arabic and American Indian roles. His work in both film and television spanned several genres including historical epics, Westerns, and science fiction.
He portrayed Cochise in the television series Broken Arrow 1956-1958, Deputy U.S. Marshal Sam Buckhart in the NBC series Law of the Plainsman, Commander Kang in Star Trek: The Original Series and Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, Kane in the 1979–1981 series Buck Rogers in the 25th Century, and provided the voice for Mr. Freeze in the DC Animated Universe.[1]
Ansara received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his work in the television industry, located at 6666 Hollywood Boulevard.[2][3]
Early life
[edit]Michael George Ansara was born in a small village in the Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, and his family emigrated to the United States when he was two years old.[4][5] Ansara's family lived in Lowell, Massachusetts, before moving to California when he was ten. He originally wanted to be a physician, but developed a passion for becoming a performer after he began taking acting classes at Pasadena Playhouse to overcome his shyness. He was educated at Los Angeles City College, from which Ansara earned Associate of Arts degree.[4] Ansara served as a medic in the army during World War II.[5]
Career
[edit]Ansara's early roles were primarily bit parts.[5] Being Syrian-American, he was often cast as an Arabic character, including his screen debut in the role of Hamid in the 1944 RKO Radio Pictures film Action in Arabia, The Desert Hawk (1950), and Soldiers Three (1951).[6][7] This all changed when he performed in a Pasadena Playhouse production of Monserrat. A talent scout from Warner Brothers saw the performance and Ansara was signed for the role of "Tuscos" in Only the Valiant (1951).[5] After that he was often typecast as an American Indian.[7][8]
Epic films
[edit]Ansara appeared in several Biblical epics includingThe Robe (1953) as Judas Iscariot,[9][10] The Ten Commandments (1956) as a taskmaster,[4][11] and The Greatest Story Ever Told (1965) as Herod's commander.[12] Ansara credits The Robe (1953) as the role that established him as a serious actor.[5]
In 1953, he was cast in Serpent of the Nile along with his first wife, actress Jean Byron.[13] That same year he appeared as Pindarus in Joseph Mankiewicz's big screen adaptation of Julius Caesar, with Marlon Brando, James Mason and John Gielgud.
Westerns
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Only_the_Valiant_%281951%29_1.jpg/220px-Only_the_Valiant_%281951%29_1.jpg)
Following his role in Only the Valiant, Ansara appeared in several Western films, including Brave Warrior (1952),[14] The Lawless Breed (1953),[15] Three Young Texans (1954),[16] The Lone Ranger (1956),[17] and Pillars of the Sky (1956).[18]
The popularity of the Western film Broken Arrow starring James Stewart led to the creation of a television series of the same name in 1956.[19] Mexican actor Ricardo Montalbán was cast in the lead role of Cochise for the pilot. However, Montalbán did not want to commit to a series, and after a screen test with 20th Century-Fox, Ansara was cast in the role.[5] During a period of Hollywood filmmaking that displayed the American Indian as an adversary and savage,[20] Ansara was one of the first actors to give dignity to the Native American role with his portrayal of Cochise, something that Ansara publicly stated as a reason he enjoyed the role.[21][22] The role also gave Ansara wide public exposure.[22] Although Ansara received top billing, it was his portrayal of Cochise that he blamed for his later typecasting in Native American roles.[23]
Ansara starred in the ABC-TV series, Law of the Plainsman (1959–1960), with Gina Gillespie and Robert Harland. He performed as an Apache Indian named Sam Buckhart, who had been appointed as a U.S. Marshal. The series began as an episode of The Rifleman.[24][25] This was the first U.S. network series to feature an American Indian as a full-fledged lawman.[26]
Ansara guest starred on several other television Westerns, including The Rebel,[27] Wagon Train,[28] Rawhide,[29] The Virginian,[30]Branded,[31] Daniel Boone,[32] and Gunsmoke.[33] He also starred in several more Western films, including The Comancheros,[34] Texas Across the River,[35] and Guns of the Magnificent Seven.[36]
In 1978, Ansara starred as Lame Beaver in the acclaimed miniseries Centennial, based on the novel by James A. Michener.[37]
His final Western was Border Shootout (1990) starring Glenn Ford. This was also Ford's final Western.[38]
Science fiction and fantasy
[edit]Not limited to a single genre, Ansara appeared in several science fiction and fantasy genre films and television series.
He appeared with Bud Abbott and Lou Costello in Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy (1955).[39]
He appeared in all of the Irwin Allen television series. This included two episodes of the television series Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea after having starred in the film of the same name, The Outer Limits, Lost in Space, The Time Tunnel, and Land of the Giants.[40]
He played the recurring role of Killer Kane in the 1979–1980 season of Buck Rogers in the 25th Century.[40]
In the genre, he probably most noted for appearing as the Klingon commander Kang. His first appearance as Kang was in the original Star Trek series ("Day of the Dove"), followed by appearances of the same character in two other Star Trek television series, Deep Space Nine ("Blood Oath") and Voyager ("Flashback").[40] He is one of seven actors to play the same character on three Star Trek television series.[41] In 1994, Ansara portrayed the Technomage "Elric" in the Babylon 5 episode "The Geometry of Shadows".[40]
Appearances with Barbara Eden
[edit]While making the Broken Arrow series, the 20th Century-Fox publicity department arranged a date between Ansara and actress Barbara Eden, whom he later married.[42] In 1961, Ansara co-starred with Eden in the film Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea.[43] In 1966, Ansara guest-starred on Eden's sitcom, I Dream of Jeannie, as the Blue Djinn. He would appear with Eden two more times in the series, as King Kamehameha in the 1968 episode "The Battle of Waikīkī", and as Major Biff Jellico in the episode "My Sister, the Home Wrecker".[44] He also directed the series penultimate episode, "One Jeannie Beats Four of a Kind".[45]
Other notable work
[edit]Ansara starred in Infidel Caesar with the silent film actor Ramon Novarro at the Music Box Theater on Broadway. The show, which closed after two preview performances on April 27-28, 1962, was a modern retelling of Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar" in modern Cuba.[46][47]
In the 1970s, Ansara appeared in a number of low budget exploitation films, including Dear Dead Delilah (1972),[48] Day of the Animals (1977),[49] and The Manitou (1978).[50] He received top billing in the Z movie called The Doll Squad (1973).[51]
In 1976, Ansara starred in the historical epic Mohammad, Messenger of God (also titled The Message), about the origin of Islam and the message of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.[52]
Ansara was also known for his voice work. He voiced the Ancient One in the 1978 television film Dr. Strange.[53] He was a narrator on the PBS series Reading Rainbow.[54] He was the voice of Mr. Freeze in two episodes of Batman: The Animated Series, the animated film Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero, The New Batman Adventures, Batman Beyond, and the video game Batman: Vengeance.[55]
Awards and honors
[edit]Ansara was nominated for a Saturn Award, and has won a Western Heritage Award for Rawhide.[56]
On February 8, 1960, Ansara received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his work in the television industry, located at 6666 Hollywood Boulevard.[2][3]
Personal life and death
[edit]Ansara's first marriage was to actress Jean Byron in 1949.[22] They appeared in the film Serpent of the Nile together.[13] Ansara and Byron divorced in 1956.[22]
In 1957, when Ansara was starring in the Broken Arrow television series, Booker McClay at Twentieth Century Fox arranged for him to be seen dating How to Marry a Millionaire star, Barbara Eden. At the time, Eden was already dating someone but he was not an actor. The studio thought it was good for publicity for each of them to be seen with another star.[57] Ansara was not initially interested. He was already a Hollywood heartthrob with female fans around the world.[58] Ansara married Eden in 1958. They co-starred in Irwin Allen's Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea in 1961. The couple had a son, Matthew Ansara. In every episode of I Dream of Jeannie, Eden wore a diamond pendant necklace that had been given to her by Ansara. According to Eden in her 2011 autobiography, it was to keep Michael close to her heart.[59] During I Dream of Jeannie, Ansara was working less, and Eden was working more; a divergence in their earning power.[60] The loss of their second child, their diverging careers, and the shift in their earning power strained their marriage.[61] Ansara and Eden eventually divorced in 1974.[62]
He married actress Beverly Kushida in 1977.[4] They appeared together in The Manitou.[63] They remained married until Ansara's death.[22]
On June 25, 2001, his son Matthew died from a heroin overdose in Monrovia, California.[1]
Ansara died from complications of Alzheimer's disease[4] at his home in Calabasas on July 31, 2013, at the age of 91.[64] His interment is at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles, next to his son Matthew.[65]
Filmography
[edit]Film
[edit]Year | Title | Role | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1944 | Action in Arabia | Hamid | Uncredited[6] |
Can't Help Singing | California Caballero | Uncredited | |
1947 | Intrigue | Ramon's Radio Man | |
1948 | Queen Esther | Zubal[66] | |
1949 | Outpost in Morocco | Rifle Dispenser | Uncredited |
1950 | The Desert Hawk | Guard | Uncredited[7] |
South Sea Sinner | Native Policeman | Uncredited | |
Kim | Harem Guard | Uncredited | |
1951 | Soldiers Three | Manik Rao | [7] |
Only the Valiant | Tucsos | [7] | |
Smuggler's Island | Sikh Policeman | Uncredited | |
Bannerline | Floyd | ||
My Favorite Spy | House Servant | Uncredited | |
1952 | Brave Warrior | The Prophet | [14] |
Diplomatic Courier | Ivan | Uncredited | |
Yankee Buccaneer | Lieutenant Romero | ||
The Golden Hawk | Bernardo Díaz | ||
Road to Bali | Guard | Uncredited | |
1953 | The Lawless Breed | Gus Hanley | Uncredited[15] |
The Bandits of Corsica | Blacksmith | ||
Julius Caesar | Pindarus | ||
Serpent of the Nile | Captain Florus | [13] | |
White Witch Doctor | De Gama | Uncredited | |
The Robe | Judas | Uncredited[9][5][10] | |
Slaves of Babylon | Prince Belshazzar | [67] | |
The Diamond Queen | Mir Jumla, the Mogul's general | ||
1954 | Three Young Texans | Apache Joe | |
Drums of Tahiti | Opening Narrator | Uncredited | |
The Saracen Blade | Count Alesandro Siniscola | ||
Princess of the Nile | Captain Kral | ||
The Egyptian | Hittite Commander | Uncredited | |
Bengal Brigade | Sergeant Major Puran Singh | ||
Sign of the Pagan | Edecon | Dragnet | |
1955 | Jupiter's Darling | Maharbal | |
New Orleans Uncensored | Floyd 'Zero' Saxon | ||
Abbott and Costello Meet the Mummy | Charlie | [68][39] | |
1956 | Diane | Count Ridolfi | |
The Lone Ranger | Angry Horse | [17] | |
Gun Brothers | Shawnee Jack | ||
The Ten Commandments | Taskmaster | Uncredited[11] | |
Pillars of the Sky | Kamiakin | [18] | |
1957 | Last of the Badmen | Kramer | |
Quantez | Delgadito | ||
The Tall Stranger | Zarata | ||
The Sad Sack | Moki | Uncredited | |
1961 | Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea | Miguel Alvarez | [43] |
The Comancheros | Amelung | [34] | |
1964 | Quick, Let's Get Married | Mayor Pablo | |
1965 | The Greatest Story Ever Told | Herod's Commander[12] | |
Harum Scarum | Prince Dragna | ||
1966 | ...And Now Miguel | Blas Chavez | |
Texas Across the River | Iron Jacket | [35] | |
1968 | The Destructors | Count Mario Romano | |
Sol Madrid | Captain Ortega | ||
Daring Game | President Eduardo Delgado | ||
The Pink Jungle | Raul Ortega | ||
1969 | Guns of the Magnificent Seven | Colonel Diego | [36] |
1970 | The Phynx | Colonel Rostinov | |
1972 | Dear Dead Delilah | Morgan Charles | [48] |
Stand Up and Be Counted | Playboy Speaker | ||
1973 | The Doll Squad | Eamon O'Reilly | [51] |
1974 | It's Alive | The Captain | |
The Bears and I | Oliver Red Fern | ||
1976 | The Message | Abu Sufyan | [52] |
1977 | Day of the Animals | Daniel Santee | [49] |
Mission to Glory: A True Story | Chief Coxi | ||
The Manitou | John Singing Rock | [50] | |
1981 | The Guns and the Fury | Prince Sohrab | |
1984 | Access Code | Senator Dales | |
1985 | KGB: The Secret War | Lyman Taylor | |
1986 | Knights of the City | Mr. Delamo | |
1987 | Assassination | Senator Bunsen | |
1990 | Border Shootout | Chuluha | [38] |
1998 | Batman & Mr. Freeze: SubZero | Dr. Victor Fries / Mr. Freeze | Voice, direct-to-video[55] |
1999 | The Long Road Home | Murdock Haynes | Final film role |
Television
[edit]Year | Title | Role | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1951 | Family Theater | Decius | Episode: "That I May See" |
Episode: "Hill Number One: A Story of Faith and Inspiration" | |||
1951 | Dangerous Assignment | Bulga | Episode: "The Mine Story" |
1951 | The Lone Ranger | Episode: "Trouble at Black Rock"[69] | |
1954 | Dragnet | Carl Chapman | Episode: "The Big Rod" |
1956 | Alfred Hitchcock Presents | Butcher
Desar Mr. DeMario |
Season 1 Episode 18: "Shopping For Death"
Season 1 Episode 29: "The Orderly World of Mr. Appelby" Season 1 Episode 32: "The Baby Sitter" |
1956–1958 | Broken Arrow | Cochise | Contract role[70] |
1957 | Hawkeye and the Last of the Mohicans | Ogana | Episode: "Hawkeye's Homecoming"[71] |
1959 | The Rifleman | Deputy Marshal Sam Buckhart | 2 episodes[24][25] |
1959–60 | Law of the Plainsman | Contract role[24][25] | |
1960–1961 | The Untouchables | Charlie Steuben / Rafael Torrez | 2 episodes |
1960 | The Rebel | Docker Mason | Episode: "The Champ"[27] |
1961 | Wagon Train | Northstar | Episode: "The Patience Miller Story"[28] |
1963 | Rawhide | Joseph | Episode: "Incident of Iron Bull"[29] |
1964 | Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea | Malinoff | Episode: "Hot Line"[40] |
Perry Mason | Vince Kabat | Episode: "The Case of the Antic Angel" | |
The Outer Limits | Quarlo Clobregnny | Episode: "Soldier" | |
1965–66 | The Virginian | Marshall Merle Frome
Paul Dallman |
Episode: "Showdown"[72]
Episode: "High Stakes"[73] |
1965 | Branded | Thomas Frye | Episode: "The Bounty"[31] |
1966 | Lost in Space | The Ruler | Episode: "The Challenge"[40] |
Daniel Boone | Sebastian Drake | Episode: "The Enchanted Gun"[32] | |
Daniel Boone | Episode: "The Search"[32] | ||
Bewitched | Rufus the Red | Episode: "A Most Unusual Wood Nymph" | |
1966–70 | I Dream of Jeannie | Blue Djinn, King Kamehameha, Major Biff Jellico, Director | 4 episodes[45] |
1966–67 | Gunsmoke | Grey Horse
Luke Todd |
Episode: "Honor Before Justice"[74]
Episode: "The Returning"[75] |
The Fugitive | Officer Miguel 'Mike' Anza | Episode: "The Savage Street" | |
The Time Tunnel | Curator | Episode: "The Kidnappers"[40] | |
1968 | Star Trek | Commander Kang | Episode: "Day of the Dove" |
1969 | Target: Harry | Major Milos Segora | Television film intended as a television pilot |
Land of the Giants | Murtrah | Episode: "On a Clear Night You Can See Earth"[40] | |
1971 | The Mod Squad | Ray Abruzzi | Episode: "A Double for Danger" |
Bearcats! | Paco Morales | Episode: "Powderkeg" | |
1972 | The Streets of San Francisco | Albert 'Al' Ferguson | Episode: "The Year of the Locusts" |
Hawaii Five-O | Piro Manoa | Episode: "Death is a Company Policy" | |
1973 | Call to Danger | Frank Mulvey | Television film |
Mission: Impossible | Ed Stoner | Episode: "The Western" | |
Ordeal | Sheriff Peter Geeson | Television film | |
1974 | Nakia | Howard Gray Hawk | Episode: "The Dream" |
1975 | The Barbary Coast | Diamond Jack Bassiter | Episode: "Pilot"[76] |
1976 | The Rockford Files | Joseph DiMinna | Episode: "Joey Blue Eyes" |
Kojak | Keith McCallum | Episode: "Justice Deferred" | |
1978 | Dr. Strange | Yao/Ancient One | Voice, television film; uncredited[53] |
1978–79 | Centennial | Lame Beaver | Miniseries[37] |
1979 | The Story of Esther | Haman | Television film |
1979–80 | Buck Rogers in the 25th Century | Kane | Recurring |
1980 | CHiPs | Nathan McCallister | Episode: "The Poachers" |
1981 | Thundarr the Barbarian | Vashtar | Voice, episode: "Prophecy of Peril" |
Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends | Hiawatha Smith | Voice, episode: "Quest of the Red Skull" | |
1982 | Bayou Romance | Zanko | Television film |
1983, 1993 | Reading Rainbow | Self - Narrator | 2 episodes |
1984 | The Fantastic World of D.C. Collins | Turk | Television film |
1986 | Rambo: The Force of Freedom | General Warhawk | Voice, 63 episodes |
1985 | Hunter | General Mariano | Episode: "Rape and Revenge, Part 2" |
1988 | Murder, She Wrote | Nicholas Rossi | Episode: "The Last Flight of the Dixie Damsel" |
1992–1994 | Batman: The Animated Series | Mr. Freeze / Dr. Victor Fries | Voice, 2 episodes[55] |
1994 | Babylon 5 | Elric | Episode: "The Geometry of Shadows" |
Star Trek: Deep Space Nine | Kang | Episodes "Blood Oath"[40] | |
1996 | Jeyal | Episode: "The Muse"[40] | |
Star Trek: Voyager | Kang | Episode: "Flashback"[40] | |
1997 | The New Batman Adventures | Mr. Freeze / Dr. Victor Fries | Voice, episode: "Cold Comfort"[55] |
1999 | Batman Beyond | Voice, episode: "Meltdown"[55] |
Video games
[edit]Year | Title | Role | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
2001 | Batman: Vengeance | Mr. Freeze / Dr. Victor Fries | Final acting role[55] |
Videos
[edit]Year | Title | Role | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1997 | Johnny Mysto: Boy Wizard | Malfeasor |
References
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ a b Eden & Leigh 2011.
- ^ a b "Michael Ansara | Hollywood Walk of Fame". www.walkoffame.com. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
- ^ a b "Michael Ansara". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e New York Times 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g Aaker 2017, p. 18.
- ^ a b Dunkleberger & King Hanson 1999, p. 17.
- ^ a b c d e Brode 2010, p. 23.
- ^ Marill 2011, p. 65.
- ^ a b Clanton & Clark 2020, p. 136.
- ^ a b Campbell & Pitts 1981, p. 124.
- ^ a b Campbell & Pitts 1981, p. 37.
- ^ a b Campbell & Pitts 1981, p. 155.
- ^ a b c Starr 2009, p. 224.
- ^ a b Pitts 2013, p. 43.
- ^ a b Pitts 2013, p. 186.
- ^ Green 2014, p. 36.
- ^ a b Pitts 2013, p. 193.
- ^ a b Pitts 2013, p. 250.
- ^ Aleiss 2005, p. 92.
- ^ Agnew 2014, p. 100.
- ^ Herzberg 2014, p. 182.
- ^ a b c d e Aaker 2017, p. 19.
- ^ Marill 2011, p. 43.
- ^ a b c McNeil 1996, pp. 471–472.
- ^ a b c Yoggy 1995, p. 290.
- ^ FitzGerald 2013, p. 77.
- ^ a b Lentz 1997, pp. 345.
- ^ a b Lentz 1997, pp. 446.
- ^ a b Lentz 1997, pp. 340.
- ^ Lentz 1997, pp. 431–432.
- ^ a b Lentz 1997, pp. 62.
- ^ a b c Lentz 1997, pp. 111–112.
- ^ Lentz 1997, pp. 182–183.
- ^ a b Pitts 2013, p. 66.
- ^ a b Pitts 2013, p. 347.
- ^ a b Pitts 2013, p. 140.
- ^ a b Lentz 1997, p. 80.
- ^ a b Pitts 2013, p. 40.
- ^ a b Jones 2000, p. 26-27.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Abbott 2015, p. 153.
- ^ Laurie Ulster (March 11, 2021). "13 Original Series Actors Who Couldn't Get Enough Trek". StarTrek.com.
- ^ Eden & Leigh 2011, pp. 74–75.
- ^ a b Tate & Houser 2022, p. 100.
- ^ Tate & Houser 2022, p. 96.
- ^ a b Tate & Houser 2022, p. 104, 307.
- ^ Ellenberger 2015, p. 168.
- ^ Soares 2010, p. 381.
- ^ a b Meyers 1983, p. 83.
- ^ a b Meyers 1983, p. 210.
- ^ a b Meyers 1983, p. 211.
- ^ a b Meyers 1983, p. 21.
- ^ a b Bakker 2009, p. 191.
- ^ a b Jones 2000, p. 127.
- ^ Campbell Times 1983, p. 5.
- ^ a b c d e f Jones 2014, p. 641.
- ^ "Incident Of Iron Bull - Western Heritage Award Winner". National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum. Retrieved June 14, 2024.
- ^ Eden & Leigh 2011, pp. 73–74.
- ^ Eden & Leigh 2011, p. 73.
- ^ Eden & Leigh 2011, p. 121.
- ^ Eden & Leigh 2011, p. 189.
- ^ Eden & Leigh 2011, pp. 191–199.
- ^ Eden & Leigh 2011, p. 199.
- ^ Young 2000, p. 383.
- ^ Goodman, Jessica (August 2, 2013). "Michael Ansara Dead: 'Star Trek' Actor Dies At 91". Huffington Post.
- ^ Wilson 2016, p. 23.
- ^ Campbell & Pitts 1981, p. 26.
- ^ Campbell & Pitts 1981, p. 35.
- ^ Miller 2004, p. 115.
- ^ Lentz 1997, p. 286.
- ^ West 1987, p. 28.
- ^ Lentz 1997, pp. 207.
- ^ Lentz 1997, pp. 431.
- ^ Lentz 1997, pp. 433.
- ^ Abbott 2015, p. 182.
- ^ Abbott 2015, p. 183.
- ^ Lentz 1997, pp. 24.
Sources
[edit]- Aaker, Everett (2017). Television Western Players, 1960-1975. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. ISBN 9781476662503.
- Abbott, Jon (2015). Irwin Allen Television Productions, 1964-1970: A Critical History of Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea, Lost in Space, The Time Tunnel and Land of the Giants. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-8662-5.
- Agnew, Jeremy (2014). The Creation of the Cowboy Hero: Fiction, Film and Fact. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1-4766-1814-2.
- Aleiss, Angela (2005). Making the White Man's Indian: Native Americans and Hollywood Movies. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN 978-0-313-02575-4.
- Bakker, Freek L. (2009). The Challenge of the Silver Screen: An Analysis of the Cinematic Portraits of Jesus, Rama, Buddha and Muhammad. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-16861-9.
- Brode, Douglas (2010). Shooting Stars of the Small Screen: Encyclopedia of TV Western Actors, 1946–Present. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-78331-7.
- Campbell, Richard H.; Pitts, Michael R. (1981). The Bible on Film: A Checklist, 1897-1980. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-1473-8.
- "PBS sponsors reading show for youngsters", Campbell Times, vol. 58, no. 2, Campbell University, p. 5, September 13, 1983
- Clanton, Dan W. Jr; Clark, Terry R. (2020). The Oxford Handbook of the Bible and American Popular Culture. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-007747-1.
- Dunkleberger, Amy; King Hanson, Patricia, eds. (1999). AFI Catalog of Motion Pictures Produced in the United States. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-21521-4.
- Eden, Barbara; Leigh, Wendy (2011). Jeannie Out of the Bottle: A Memoir. New York City: Crown Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-307-88695-8.
- Ellenberger, Allan R. (2015). Ramon Novarro: A Biography of the Silent Film Idol, 1899-1968; With a Filmography. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1-4766-0782-5.
- FitzGerald, Michael Ray (2013). Native Americans on Network TV: Stereotypes, Myths, and the "Good Indian". Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-2962-4.
- Green, Paul (2014). Jeffrey Hunter: The Film, Television, Radio and Stage Performances. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-1-4766-1441-0.
- Herzberg, Bob (2014). Savages and Saints: The Changing Image of American Indians in Westerns. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-5182-1.
- Jones, Stephen (2000). The Essential Monster Movie Guide: A Century of Creature Features on Film, TV, and Video. Billboard Books. ISBN 978-0-8230-7936-0.
- Jones, Stephen (2014). Best New Horror: Volume 25. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 978-1-63220-239-0.
- Lentz, Harris M. (1997). Television Westerns Episode Guide: All United States Series, 1949-1996. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-7386-1.
- McNeil, Alex (1996). Total Television: the Comprehensive Guide to Programming from 1948 to the Present. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-02-4916-8.
- Marill, Alvin H. (2011). Television Westerns: Six Decades of Sagebrush Sheriffs, Scalawags, and Sidewinders. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-8133-4.
- Meyers, Ric (1983). For One Week Only: The World of Exploitation Films. New Century Publishers. ISBN 0-8329-0142-3.
- Miller, Jeffrey S. (2004). The Horror Spoofs of Abbott and Costello: A Critical Assessment of the Comedy Team's Monster Films. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-1922-7.
- Peterson, Alison J. (August 2, 2013). "Michael Ansara, Actor Who Played Cochise and Kang, Dies at 91". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 3, 2013. Retrieved August 2, 2013.
- Pitts, Michael R. (2013). Western Movies: A Guide to 5,105 Feature Films, 2d ed. McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-6372-5.
- Soares, André (2010). Beyond Paradise: The Life of Ramon Novarro. Univ. Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-60473-458-4.
- Starr, Michael Seth (2009). Hiding in Plain Sight: The Secret Life of Raymond Burr. Applause Theatre & Cinema. ISBN 978-1-4234-7371-8.
- Tate, Marsha Ann; Houser, Earl (2022). What America Watched: Television Favorites from the Cornfields to the Cosmos, 1960s-1990s. McFarland. ISBN 978-1-4766-8057-6.
- West, Richard (1987). Television Westerns: Major and Minor Series, 1946-1978. McFarland & Company. ISBN 9780899502526.
- Wilson, Scott (2016). Resting Places: The Burial Sites of More Than 14,000 Famous Persons, 3d ed. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-7992-4.
- Yoggy, Gary A. (1995). Riding the Video Range: The Rise and Fall of the Western on Television. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-0021-8.
- Young, R. G. (2000). The Encyclopedia of Fantastic Film: Ali Baba to Zombies. Hal Leonard Corporation. ISBN 978-1-55783-269-6.
External links
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- 1922 births
- 2013 deaths
- 20th-century American male actors
- American male film actors
- American male stage actors
- American male television actors
- Combat medics
- Deaths from Alzheimer's disease in California
- Deaths from dementia in California
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- Military personnel from California
- Los Angeles City College alumni
- Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills)
- American people of Lebanese descent
- Middle Eastern Christians
- Male Western (genre) film actors
- United States Army soldiers
- United States Army personnel of World War II
- Western (genre) television actors