Neostrearia
| Neostrearia fleckeri | |
|---|---|
| |
| In flower at the Cairns Botanic Gardens | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Saxifragales |
| Family: | Hamamelidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Hamamelidoideae |
| Tribe: | Dicorypheae |
| Genus: | Neostrearia L.S.Sm.[4][5] |
| Species: | N. fleckeri
|
| Binomial name | |
| Neostrearia fleckeri | |
Neostrearia is a monotypic genus - i.e. a genus containing only one species - of plants in the witch-hazel family Hamamelidaceae. It is the second described of three monotypic Australian genera in this family, the others being Ostrearia and Noahdendron. It is most closely related to these genera, as well as Trichocladus (4 species) from southern Africa and Dicoryphe (13 species) from Madagascar, and together these five genera form a distinct clade within Hamamelidaceae.[6]
The sole species in this genus is Neostrearia fleckeri, described in 1958 and endemic to the rainforests of northeastern Queensland, Australia.
Description
[edit]Neostrearia fleckeri is a small tree growing to 10–12 m (33–39 ft) tall, and it may be buttressed. The leaves are simple and alternate, and measure up to 18 cm (7.1 in) long by 7 cm (2.8 in) wide. They are glossy green above and glaucous (chalky blue-green) below, with a petiole up to 12 mm (0.47 in) long and very fine, hair-like stipules about 4 mm (0.16 in) long.[7][8][9]
The inflorescence is terminal (i.e. it is produced from the very end of the branch) and it takes the form of a spike. It is about 20 cm (7.9 in) long, bearing about 40–50 small sessile flowers. The calyces are densely covered in very fine brown hairs, and about 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) long. The petals are creamy-yellow to white, about 15 mm (0.59 in) long and 2 mm (0.08 in) wide, with an irregular, crinkled appearance.[7][8][9]
The fruit is a dark brown, woody capsule about 15 mm (0.59 in) long by 10 mm (0.39 in) wide. Each of the two segments of the capsule contains one or two small black seeds about 10 mm (0.39 in) long.[7][8][9]
Taxonomy
[edit]This species was described by the Australian botanist Lindsay Stuart Smith, based on material collected from Babinda Creek in 1949 by the Cairns medical practitioner, naturalist, and founder of the Flecker Herbarium, Dr. Hugo Flecker. Smith's paper was published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland in 1958.[2][8][9]
Etymology
[edit]The genus name Neostrearia is a combination of "neo" meaning new, and Ostrearia, the pre-existing, closely related genus. The species epithet fleckeri is in honour of Hugo Flecker, who collected the type specimen.[9]
Distribution and habitat
[edit]The distribution of this species is very limited, confined to coastal and sub-coastal parts of northeast Queensland from the Daintree River in the north, to near Innisfail, about 150 km (93 mi) south.[7][8][9] The recorded collections and observations suggest it only occurs at the two extremities of that range.[10][11] It grows in well developed rainforest on lowlands and foothills up to 650 m (2,130 ft), often close to creeks and rivers.[7][8][9]
Conservation
[edit]This species is listed by the Queensland Government's Department of Environment, Science and Innovation as near threatened.[1] As of 22 February 2024[update], it has not been assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Gallery
[edit]-
Foliage -
Close up of foliage showing stipules -
Comparison of upper and lower leaf surfaces -
Close up of flowers -
Detail of fruit against a 1 cm grid
References
[edit]- ^ a b "Species profile—Neostrearia fleckeri". Queensland Department of Environment and Science. Queensland Government. 2022. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ a b "Neostrearia fleckeri". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ "Neostrearia fleckeri L.S.Sm". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2024. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ "Neostrearia". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ "Neostrearia L.S.Sm". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2024. Retrieved 26 February 2024.
- ^ Li, Jianhua; Klein, Anita S. (1999). "Phylogenetic relationships in the Hamamelidaceae: Evidence from the nucleotide sequences of the plastid gene matK". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 218 (3): 212. Bibcode:1999PSyEv.218..205L. doi:10.1007/BF01089228. S2CID 25179689.
- ^ a b c d e Hewson, H.J. (2022). "Neostrearia fleckeri". Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f F.A.Zich; B.P.M.Hyland; T.Whiffen; R.A.Kerrigan (2020). "Neostrearia fleckeri". Australian Tropical Rainforest Plants Edition 8 (RFK8). Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f g Cooper, Wendy; Cooper, William T. (June 2004). Fruits of the Australian Tropical Rainforest. Clifton Hill, Victoria, Australia: Nokomis Editions. p. 227. ISBN 978-0958174213.
- ^ "Search: species: Neostrearia fleckeri | Occurrence records". Australasian Virtual Herbarium. Australian Government. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
- ^ "Observations". iNaturalist. Retrieved 22 February 2024.
External links
[edit]
- View a map of herbarium collections of this species at the Australasian Virtual Herbarium
- View observations of this species on iNaturalist
- See images of this species on Flickriver