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RGS18

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
RGS18
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesRGS18, RGS13, regulator of G-protein signaling 18, regulator of G protein signaling 18
External IDsOMIM: 607192; MGI: 1927498; HomoloGene: 11281; GeneCards: RGS18; OMA:RGS18 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_130782

NM_022881

RefSeq (protein)

NP_570138

NP_075019

Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 192.16 – 192.19 MbChr 1: 144.63 – 144.65 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Regulator of G-protein signaling 18 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RGS18 gene.[5][6]

Function

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This gene encodes a member of the regulator of G-protein signaling family. This protein contains a conserved 120 amino acid motif called the RGS domain. The protein attenuates the signaling activity of G-proteins by binding to activated, GTP-bound G alpha subunits and acting as a GTPase activating protein (GAP), increasing the rate of conversion of the GTP to GDP. This hydrolysis allows the G alpha subunits to bind G beta/gamma subunit heterodimers, forming inactive G-protein heterotrimers, thereby terminating the signal. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized.[6]

Clinical significance

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Several RGS18 alleles that result in reduced RGS18 expression are associated with the development of atherosclerosis.[7] Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the RGS18 gene that interfere with binding of GATA1 and NFE2 transcription factors result in decreased expression of RGS18. RSG18 Knockout mice display an exaggerated platelet reactivity which in turn increases risk of developing atherosclerosis. A minor allele of RSG18 is associated with the appearance of thrombotic phenomena in a cohort of European-American and African-American patients.[7]

Interactions

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RGS18 has been shown to interact with GNAI3.[8][9]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000150681Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000026357Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Park IK, Klug CA, Li K, Jerabek L, Li L, Nanamori M, et al. (January 2001). "Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel regulator of G-protein signaling from mouse hematopoietic stem cells". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 276 (2): 915–923. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005947200. PMID 11042171.
  6. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: RGS18 regulator of G-protein signalling 18".
  7. ^ a b Keramati AR, Chen MH, Rodriguez BA, Yanek LR, Bhan A, Gaynor BJ, et al. (NHLBI Trans-Omics for Precision (TOPMed) Consortium) (June 2021). "Genome sequencing unveils a regulatory landscape of platelet reactivity". Nature Communications. 12 (1): 3626. Bibcode:2021NatCo..12.3626K. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23470-9. PMC 8206369. PMID 34131117.
  8. ^ Yowe D, Weich N, Prabhudas M, Poisson L, Errada P, Kapeller R, et al. (October 2001). "RGS18 is a myeloerythroid lineage-specific regulator of G-protein-signalling molecule highly expressed in megakaryocytes". The Biochemical Journal. 359 (Pt 1): 109–118. doi:10.1042/bj3590109. PMC 1222126. PMID 11563974.
  9. ^ Gagnon AW, Murray DL, Leadley RJ (July 2002). "Cloning and characterization of a novel regulator of G protein signalling in human platelets". Cellular Signalling. 14 (7): 595–606. doi:10.1016/S0898-6568(02)00012-8. PMID 11955952.

Further reading

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