Sangat Singh Bangeshwar
Shaheed, Bhai Sangat Singh Bangeshwar | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1650 |
| Died | 1705 |
| Cause of death | Death during the Second Battle of Chamkaur |
| Monuments | Memorial in Fatehgarh Sahib Gurudwara Shaheed Burj |
Bhai Sangat Singh Bangeshwar (also called Bhai Sant Singh) was a Sikh warrior, general and martyr in the Battle of Chamkaur.[1]
He was the main reason for the Khalsa Panth to receive Gurudom in Chamkaur, 6th December 1704.[2] He was one out of the 42 first Shahids of the Guru Khalsa Panth.[3] It was the congregation's wish that Guru Gobind Singh left Chamkaur Sahib and he did so with respect, and seeing their devotion, and understanding it as the final test for the position of 'Guru' he conferred upon the Khalsa, his sons, the gift of Gurudom.[2]
Early life
[edit]Sangat Singh was born in Punjab, in a Pashtun family in Kurrum, in present day Pakistan.[4] He was trained in Shastar Vidya, Gatka, horse-riding, warfare and martial arts and also studied languages, e.g - Punjabi, Bengali, Urdu, Sanskrit, Persian and Braj Bhasha.[5] Later, he was sent by his father to serve Guru Gobind Singh in the Khalsa, before Vaisakhi, 1699.[5] He was apart of the early high-class of Sikh society who married across castes, hence he, a Pashtun, had Bhai Lakhi Shah and Bhai Mani Singh, a Lubana and Rajput, as a uncles and Bhai Baj Singh, a Khatri as a cousin- this inter-caste society did not last long and was replaced soon after the death of Banda Singh Bahadur.
Career
[edit]Bhai Sangat Singh took part in battles of Bhangani, Bajrur, Nadaun, all four battles of Anandpur Sahib, Bansali, Nirmohgarh, Sarsa and Chamkaur.[6]
Battle of Chamkaur
[edit]In the Second Battle of Chamkaur, Bhai Sangat Singh Bangesar along with all 41 other Khalsa Sikhs decided that the Guru should leave and they would die for the Guru to escape.[5]Dhan Shri Guru Gobind Singh ji was requested to agree to the Sangat, and realized who the next Guru was going to be.[7] His son; the Guru Khalsa Panth, so hence he dressed Bhai Sangat Singh Bangesar, who bore a high degree of physical resemblance to Dhan Shri Guru Gobind Singh ji, in blue clothes, with his weapons and jewelry, along with 5 Paise and a coconut before bowing down to the Khalsa, all symbols of the passing of the title of Guru.[8] He has the attire, Kalgi and Dastar of the Guru hence the Mughals were tricked into believing who the Guru was in Chamkaur.[9][10]
"The True Guru then thought in his mind, "There are two types of offspring in the world. One is called genetic and the other are disciples [Sikhs]*. At this moment I have both.
[But] my genetic offspring are now being killed, and my Sikhs day by day are ever increasing. Thus my Sikhs are my children, these great Panth of the Khalsa.
This Panth will remain in this world as long as the earth, moon, and sun exist. This gift of the status of Guru in the Guru's house I will give now to them, the Khalsa."
Thinking this the Guru Sahib called all the Singhs, they quickly came close, bowing down and then sitting beside the Guru. On all sides a special court session commenced.
The True Guru looking at their pains asked them all properly if they were well. The Guru said to all the Singhs, "I am now giving the Panth the title of Guru”
— Verses 70-74, Purabaradh Bisram 64, Naveen Panth Prakash [1880], Giani Gian Singh
Guru Gobind Singh and two others went into the battle and fought, killing many of the soldiers, and managed to escape to a nearby Haveli.[11] Sahibzada Ajit Singh and Sahibzada Jujhar Singh became Shaheeds in the battle, and Sahibzada Jorawar Singh managed to break through the Mughal hordes.[12] All the others including Bhai Mokham Singh, Bhai Himmat Singh, Bhai Sahib Singh and Bhai Isar Singh achieved martyrdom.[13] Bhai Sangat Singh Bangesar and Bhai Deva Singh only two Sikhs got left at the fort and after Guru's exit and they went on war front to Mughal army and fought against them and achieved martyrdom.[14]
Legacy
[edit]Bhai Sangat Singh Khalsa College, Banga, Punjab was named after him.[15]
The Martyrdom of Bhai Sangat Singh has become a state-level function in Punjab.[16]
Jazzy B and Sukshinder Shinda sang about him in the song titled "Bhai Sangat Singh Ji" in 2009.[17]
His descendants are very diverse and include Sardar Sahib Sujan Singh of Hadali, Sant Prem Singh Murarewale, Sardar Bahadur Mehtab Singh, Sardar Bahadur Sir Sobha Singh, Governor Ujjal Singh, Padma Shri Khushwant Singh, Brigadier Gurbaksh Singh and MP Daljit Singh.[18][19][20]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Lakshman, Bhagat. Short Sketch of the Life and Works of Guru Gobind Singh. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0576-3.
- ^ a b Khushwant Singh A History Of The Sikhs Vol. 1.
- ^ Singh [Author, Ranjit (2013). Golden Crystal. Unistar Books. ISBN 978-93-5113-048-2.
{{cite book}}:|last=has generic name (help) - ^ Siṅgha, Sāhiba (1967). Guru Gobind Singh: Life History, His Mission and Significance of Four Breaches and Five Symbols of Khalsa Discipline. Raj Publishers.
- ^ a b c "https://www.patreon.com/posts/gurgaddi-to-at-76393420".
{{cite web}}: External link in|title= - ^ "The Tribune - Windows - Slice of history". www.tribuneindia.com. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
- ^ "https://www.tribuneindia.com/2002/20021019/windows/slice.htm".
{{cite web}}: External link in|title= - ^ Grewal, J. S. (25 July 2019). Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708): Master of the White Hawk. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-099038-1.
- ^ "Martyrdom Day of Baba Sangat Singh | State Level Function | NRI Affairs Department". nripunjab.gov.in. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
- ^ Fenech, Louis E.; McLeod, W. H. (11 June 2014). Historical Dictionary of Sikhism. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 274. ISBN 978-1-4422-3601-1.
SANGAT SINGH (?–1705). According to a strong Sikh tradition, Sangat Singh was the Sikh who bore a striking resemblance to Guru Gobind Singh. As such, during the Battle of Chamkaur, when only the Guru and five Sikhs remained alive, the five Sikhs acting as Panj Piare commanded the Guru to escape; Sangat Singh then disguised himself as the Guru. After the Guru Sahib and three of his Sikhs escaped under the cover of night, the Mughal and Pahari force stormed the fortress. Tradition speaks of Sangat Singh's extraordinary ability in fighting off the horde but ultimately he was cut down although he initially fooled the opposing soldiers by his disguise.
- ^ Madra, Amandeep Singh; Singh, P. (27 September 2016). Sicques, Tigers or Thieves: Eyewitness Accounts of the Sikhs (1606-1810). Springer. ISBN 978-1-137-11998-8.
- ^ Grewal, J. S. (25 July 2019). Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708): Master of the White Hawk. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-099038-1.
- ^ Singh, Sarbpreet (30 June 2021). The Story of the Sikhs: 1469-1708. Penguin Random House India Private Limited. ISBN 978-93-5492-060-8.
- ^ Grewal, J. S. (25 July 2019). Guru Gobind Singh (1666–1708): Master of the White Hawk. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-099038-1.
- ^ "Bhai Sangat Singh Khalsa College,Banga || Best College in SBS Nagar". www.bsskc.org. Retrieved 26 November 2023.
- ^ "http://nripunjab.gov.in/baba-sangat-singh.htm".
{{cite web}}: External link in|title= - ^ BHAI SANGAT SINGH JI - SUKSHINDER SHINDA FEAT JAZZY B, retrieved 26 November 2023
- ^ The Sikh Courier International. Sikh Cultural Society of Great Britain. 1988.
- ^ The Sikh Courier International. Sikh Cultural Society of Great Britain. 1988.
- ^ "S. UJJAL SINGH-". SikhNet. 4 April 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2024.